From c1bbaed9a29a91cbfa028658b3e9a12e50e83d8b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bob <rsheldiii@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 2020 14:37:00 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] large key.scad restructuring

---
 CHANGELOG.md                        |  15 +
 customizer.scad                     | 838 +++++++++++++++++++---------
 keys.scad                           |  29 +-
 src/dishes/3d_surface.scad          |  14 +
 src/functions.scad                  |  24 +
 src/hulls.scad                      |  19 +
 src/hulls/hull.scad                 |  33 ++
 src/hulls/linear_extrude.scad       |  18 +
 src/hulls/skin.scad                 |  34 ++
 src/key.scad                        | 375 ++++---------
 src/key_transformations.scad        |  11 +
 src/layouts/lets_split/default.scad |   4 +-
 src/settings.scad                   |   9 +
 13 files changed, 897 insertions(+), 526 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 CHANGELOG.md
 create mode 100644 src/dishes/3d_surface.scad
 create mode 100644 src/hulls.scad
 create mode 100644 src/hulls/hull.scad
 create mode 100644 src/hulls/linear_extrude.scad
 create mode 100644 src/hulls/skin.scad

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8197d44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+CHANGELOG:
+  V2.0.0:
+    * added $fa values for minkowski and shape - so you can customize how much rounding there is
+    * rejiggered `key.scad` pipeline for more clarity and less shapes
+    * implemented "3d_surface" dish - still in beta
+      * super cool though, you can even change the distribution of points on the surface! just make sure you use monotonically increasing functions
+    * created "hull" folder to house different ways of creating the overall key shape
+    * promoted "feature" folder to first-class folder with keytext and switch clearance as new residents
+    * wrote this changelog!
+    * implemented `$inner_shape_type`, use "flat" for less geometry or "disable" to make a completely solid key easily. didn't help render rounded keys though
+    * side-printed keycaps are first class! you can use the `sideways()` modifier to set up sideways keycaps that have flat sides to print on.
+    * it's much easier to make quick artisans now that the inside of the keycap is differenced from any additive features placed on top
+    * still todo: add a magic scaling variable so you can scale the whole world up, see if that fixes degeneracy
+    * still todo: rejigger supports
+    * still todo: rejigger inner shape. maybe just always make it flat
diff --git a/customizer.scad b/customizer.scad
index 0d0cf72..f940ccb 100644
--- a/customizer.scad
+++ b/customizer.scad
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ $outset_legends = false;
 // Height in units of key. should remain 1 for most uses
 $key_height = 1.0;
 // Keytop thickness, aka how many millimeters between the inside and outside of the top surface of the key
-$keytop_thickness = 2;
+$keytop_thickness = 1;
 // Wall thickness, aka the thickness of the sides of the keycap. note this is the total thickness, aka 3 = 1.5mm walls
 $wall_thickness = 3;
 // Radius of corners of keycap
@@ -199,19 +199,19 @@ $tertiary_color = [1, .6941, .2];
 $quaternary_color = [.4078, .3569, .749];
 $warning_color = [1,0,0, 0.15];
 
-// 3d surface variables
-// see functions.scad for the surface function
-$3d_surface_size = 10;
-$3d_surface_step = 1;
-// normally the bottom of the keytop looks like the top - curved, at least
-// underneath the support structure. This ensures there's a minimum thickness for the
-// underside of the keycap, but it's a fair bit of geometry
-$flat_keytop_bottom = true;
-
 // how many facets circles will have when used in these features
 $minkowski_facets = 30;
 $shape_facets =30;
 
+// 3d surface settings
+// unused for now
+$3d_surface_size = 100;
+// resolution in each axis. 10 = 10 divisions per x/y = 100 points total
+$3d_surface_step = 5;
+
+// "flat" / "dished" / "disable"
+$inner_shape_type = "flat";
+
 // key width functions
 
 module u(u=1) {
@@ -851,6 +851,17 @@ module debug() {
 
   %children();
 }
+
+module display() {
+  $height_slices = 30;
+  $minkowski_facets = 64;
+  $shape_facets = 64;
+  $stem_type = "disable";
+  $support_type = "disable";
+  $stem_support_type = "disable";
+
+  children();
+}
 module arrows(profile, rows = [4,4,4,3]) {
   positions = [[0, 0], [1, 0], [2, 0], [1, 1]];
   legends = ["←", "↓", "→", "↑"];
@@ -925,6 +936,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 $fs=.1;
 unit = 19.05;
 
@@ -1200,6 +1235,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 function sign_x(i,n) =
 	i < n/4 || i > n*3/4  ?  1 :
 	i > n/4 && i < n*3/4  ? -1 :
@@ -1367,6 +1426,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
 
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
+
 // extra length to the vertical tine of the inside cherry cross
 // splits the stem into halves - allows easier fitment
 extra_vertical = 0.6;
@@ -1444,6 +1527,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 SMALLEST_POSSIBLE = 1/128;
 
 // I use functions when I need to compute special variables off of other special variables
@@ -1487,6 +1594,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
 
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
+
 // extra length to the vertical tine of the inside cherry cross
 // splits the stem into halves - allows easier fitment
 extra_vertical = 0.6;
@@ -1574,6 +1705,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 SMALLEST_POSSIBLE = 1/128;
 
 // I use functions when I need to compute special variables off of other special variables
@@ -1617,6 +1772,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
 
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
+
 // extra length to the vertical tine of the inside cherry cross
 // splits the stem into halves - allows easier fitment
 extra_vertical = 0.6;
@@ -1723,6 +1902,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
 
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
+
 // extra length to the vertical tine of the inside cherry cross
 // splits the stem into halves - allows easier fitment
 extra_vertical = 0.6;
@@ -1815,6 +2018,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 SMALLEST_POSSIBLE = 1/128;
 
 // I use functions when I need to compute special variables off of other special variables
@@ -1858,6 +2085,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
 
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
+
 // extra length to the vertical tine of the inside cherry cross
 // splits the stem into halves - allows easier fitment
 extra_vertical = 0.6;
@@ -1980,6 +2231,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 SMALLEST_POSSIBLE = 1/128;
 
 // I use functions when I need to compute special variables off of other special variables
@@ -2023,6 +2298,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
 
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
+
 // extra length to the vertical tine of the inside cherry cross
 // splits the stem into halves - allows easier fitment
 extra_vertical = 0.6;
@@ -2414,6 +2713,30 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
 // TODO this define doesn't do anything besides tell me I used flat() in this file
 // is it better than not having it at all?
 module flat(stem_type, loft, height) {
@@ -2555,6 +2878,107 @@ module legends(depth=0) {
     }
   }
 }
+// use skin() instead of successive hulls. much more correct, and looks faster
+// too, in most cases. successive hull relies on overlapping faces which are
+// not good. But, skin works on vertex sets instead of shapes, which makes it
+// a lot more difficult to use
+module skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0 ) {
+  skin([
+    for (index = [0:$height_slices + extra_slices])
+      let(
+        progress = (index / $height_slices),
+        skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress,
+        x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress,
+        depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress,
+        tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress,
+        y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0
+      )
+      skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice)
+  ]);
+}
+
+function skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice) =
+  transform(
+    translation([x_skew_this_slice,skew_this_slice,depth_this_slice]),
+    transform(
+      rotation([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]),
+        skin_key_shape([
+          total_key_width(0),
+          total_key_height(0),
+          ],
+          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
+          progress,
+          thickness_difference
+        )
+    )
+  );
+// corollary is hull_shape_hull
+// extra_slices unused, only to match argument signatures
+module linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
+  height = $total_depth - depth_difference;
+  width_scale = top_total_key_width() / total_key_width();
+  height_scale = top_total_key_height() / total_key_height();
+
+  translate([0,$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
+    linear_extrude(height = height, scale = [width_scale, height_scale]) {
+        translate([0,-$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
+        key_shape(
+          [total_key_width(thickness_difference), total_key_height(thickness_difference)],
+          [$width_difference, $height_difference]
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+module hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0) {
+  for (index = [0:$height_slices - 1 + extra_slices]) {
+    hull() {
+      shape_slice(index / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
+      shape_slice((index + 1) / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, depth_difference) {
+  skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress;
+  x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress;
+
+  depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress;
+
+  tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress;
+  y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0;
+
+  translate([x_skew_this_slice, skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice]) {
+    rotate([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]){
+      linear_extrude(height = SMALLEST_POSSIBLE + ($rounded_key ? $minkowski_radius : 0), scale = SMALLEST_POSSIBLE){
+        key_shape(
+          [
+            total_key_width(thickness_difference),
+            total_key_height(thickness_difference)
+          ],
+          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
+          progress
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// basic key shape, no dish, no inside
+// which is only used for dishing to cut the dish off correctly
+// $height_difference used for keytop thickness
+// extra_slices is a hack to make inverted dishes still work
+module shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
+  render() {
+    if ($skin_extrude_shape) {
+      skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+    } else if ($linear_extrude_shape) {
+      linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+    } else {
+      hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 // from https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1484333
 // public domain license
@@ -3499,210 +3923,44 @@ function profile_segment_length(profile,i) = norm(profile[(i+1)%len(profile)] -
 // Generates an array with n copies of value (default 0)
 function dup(value=0,n) = [for (i = [1:n]) value];
 
-
 /* [Hidden] */
 SMALLEST_POSSIBLE = 1/128;
-$fs = .1;
+// basically disable $fs - though it might be useful for these CGAL problems
+$fs = .01;
 $unit = 19.05;
 
 // key shape including dish. used as the ouside and inside shape in hollow_key(). allows for itself to be shrunk in depth and width / height
 module shape(thickness_difference, depth_difference=0){
   dished(depth_difference, $inverted_dish) {
-    color($primary_color) shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, $inverted_dish ? 2 : 0);
+    color($primary_color) shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, $inverted_dish ? 200 : 0);
   }
 }
 
-// shape of the key but with soft, rounded edges. no longer includes dish
-// randomly doesnt work sometimes
-// the dish doesn't _quite_ reach as far as it should
-module rounded_shape() {
-  dished(-$minkowski_radius, $inverted_dish) {
-    color($primary_color) minkowski(){
-      // half minkowski in the z direction
-      color($primary_color) shape_hull($minkowski_radius * 2, $minkowski_radius/2, $inverted_dish ? 2 : 0);
-      /* cube($minkowski_radius); */
-      sphere(r=$minkowski_radius, $fn=$minkowski_facets);
-    }
-  }
-  /* %envelope(); */
-}
-
 // this function is more correct, but takes _forever_
 // the main difference is minkowski happens after dishing, meaning the dish is
 // also minkowski'd
-/* module rounded_shape() {
+module rounded_shape() {
   color($primary_color) minkowski(){
     // half minkowski in the z direction
     shape($minkowski_radius * 2, $minkowski_radius/2);
-    difference(){
-      sphere(r=$minkowski_radius, $fn=20);
-      translate([0,0,-$minkowski_radius]){
-        cube($minkowski_radius * 2, center=true);
-      }
-    }
+    minkowski_object();
   }
-} */
+}
 
+// minkowski places this object at every vertex of the other object then mashes
+// it all together
+module minkowski_object() {
+  // alternative minkowski shape that needs the bottom of the keycap to be trimmed
+  /* sphere(1); */
 
-
-// basic key shape, no dish, no inside
-// which is only used for dishing to cut the dish off correctly
-// $height_difference used for keytop thickness
-// extra_slices is a hack to make inverted dishes still work
-module shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
-  render() {
-    if ($skin_extrude_shape) {
-      skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
-    } else if ($linear_extrude_shape) {
-      linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
-    } else {
-      hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+  difference(){
+    sphere(r=$minkowski_radius, $fa=360/$minkowski_facets);
+    translate([0,0,-$minkowski_radius]){
+      cube($minkowski_radius * 2, center=true);
     }
   }
 }
 
-// use skin() instead of successive hulls. much more correct, and looks faster
-// too, in most cases. successive hull relies on overlapping faces which are
-// not good. But, skin works on vertex sets instead of shapes, which makes it
-// a lot more difficult to use
-module skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0 ) {
-  skin([
-    for (index = [0:$height_slices + extra_slices])
-      let(
-        progress = (index / $height_slices),
-        skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress,
-        x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress,
-        depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress,
-        tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress,
-        y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0
-      )
-      skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice)
-  ]);
-}
-
-function skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice) =
-  transform(
-    translation([x_skew_this_slice,skew_this_slice,depth_this_slice]),
-    transform(
-      rotation([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]),
-        skin_key_shape([
-          total_key_width(0),
-          total_key_height(0),
-          ],
-          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
-          progress,
-          thickness_difference
-        )
-    )
-  );
-
-// corollary is hull_shape_hull
-// extra_slices unused, only to match argument signatures
-module linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
-  height = $total_depth - depth_difference;
-  width_scale = top_total_key_width() / total_key_width();
-  height_scale = top_total_key_height() / total_key_height();
-
-  translate([0,$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
-    linear_extrude(height = height, scale = [width_scale, height_scale]) {
-        translate([0,-$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
-        key_shape(
-          [total_key_width(thickness_difference), total_key_height(thickness_difference)],
-          [$width_difference, $height_difference]
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0) {
-  for (index = [0:$height_slices - 1 + extra_slices]) {
-    hull() {
-      shape_slice(index / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
-      shape_slice((index + 1) / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, depth_difference) {
-  skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress;
-  x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress;
-
-  depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress;
-
-  tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress;
-  y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0;
-
-  translate([x_skew_this_slice, skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice]) {
-    rotate([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]){
-      linear_extrude(height = SMALLEST_POSSIBLE){
-        key_shape(
-          [
-            total_key_width(thickness_difference),
-            total_key_height(thickness_difference)
-          ],
-          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
-          progress
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// for when you want something to only exist inside the keycap.
-// used for the support structure
-module inside() {
-  intersection() {
-    shape($wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness);
-    children();
-  }
-}
-
-// for when you want something to only exist outside the keycap
-module outside() {
-  difference() {
-    children();
-    shape($wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness);
-  }
-}
-
-// put something at the top of the key, with no adjustments for dishing
-module top_placement(depth_difference=0) {
-  top_tilt_by_height = -$top_tilt / $key_height;
-  top_tilt_y_by_length = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length) : 0;
-
-  minkowski_height = $rounded_key ? $minkowski_radius : 0;
-
-  translate([$top_skew_x + $dish_skew_x, $top_skew + $dish_skew_y, $total_depth - depth_difference + minkowski_height/2]){
-    rotate([top_tilt_by_height, top_tilt_y_by_length,0]){
-      children();
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module front_placement() {
-  // all this math is to take top skew and tilt into account
-  // we need to find the new effective height and depth of the top, front lip
-  // of the keycap to find the angle so we can rotate things correctly into place
-  total_depth_difference = sin(-$top_tilt) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
-  total_height_difference = $top_skew + (1 - cos(-$top_tilt)) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
-
-  angle = atan2(($total_depth - total_depth_difference), ($height_difference/2 + total_height_difference));
-  hypotenuse = ($total_depth -total_depth_difference) / sin(angle);
-
-  translate([0,-total_key_height()/2,0]) {
-    rotate([-(90-angle), 0, 0]) {
-      translate([0,0,hypotenuse/2]){
-        children();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// just to DRY up the code
-module _dish() {
-  color($secondary_color) dish(top_total_key_width() + $dish_overdraw_width, top_total_key_height() + $dish_overdraw_height, $dish_depth, $inverted_dish);
-}
 
 module envelope(depth_difference=0) {
   s = 1.5;
@@ -3714,18 +3972,6 @@ module envelope(depth_difference=0) {
   }
 }
 
-// I think this is unused
-module dished_for_show() {
-  difference(){
-    union() {
-      envelope();
-      if ($inverted_dish) top_placement(0) _dish();
-    }
-    if (!$inverted_dish) top_placement(0) _dish();
-  }
-}
-
-
 // for when you want to take the dish out of things
 // used for adding the dish to the key shape and making sure stems don't stick out the top
 // creates a bounding box 1.5 times larger in width and height than the keycap.
@@ -3734,15 +3980,21 @@ module dished(depth_difference = 0, inverted = false) {
     children();
     difference(){
       union() {
+        // envelope is needed to "fill in" the rest of the keycap
         envelope(depth_difference);
-        if (inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish();
+        if (inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish(inverted);
       }
-      if (!inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish();
+      if (!inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish(inverted);
     }
   }
 }
 
-// puts it's children at the center of the dishing on the key, including dish height
+// just to DRY up the code
+module _dish(inverted=$inverted_dish) {
+  color($secondary_color) dish(top_total_key_width() + $dish_overdraw_width, top_total_key_height() + $dish_overdraw_height, $dish_depth, inverted);
+}
+
+// puts its children at the center of the dishing on the key, including dish height
 // more user-friendly than top_placement
 module top_of_key(){
   // if there is a dish, we need to account for how much it digs into the top
@@ -3755,6 +4007,7 @@ module top_of_key(){
   }
 }
 
+// puts its children at each keystem position provided
 module keystem_positions(positions) {
   for (connector_pos = positions) {
     translate(connector_pos) {
@@ -3780,78 +4033,121 @@ module stems_for(positions, stem_type) {
   }
 }
 
-// legends / artisan support
-module artisan(depth) {
-  top_of_key() {
-    // artisan objects / outset shape legends
-    color($secondary_color) children();
+// put something at the top of the key, with no adjustments for dishing
+module top_placement(depth_difference=0) {
+  top_tilt_by_height = -$top_tilt / $key_height;
+  top_tilt_y_by_length = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length) : 0;
+
+  minkowski_height = $rounded_key ? $minkowski_radius : 0;
+
+  translate([$top_skew_x + $dish_skew_x, $top_skew + $dish_skew_y, $total_depth - depth_difference + minkowski_height/2]){
+    rotate([top_tilt_by_height, top_tilt_y_by_length,0]){
+      children();
+    }
   }
 }
 
-// key with hollowed inside but no stem
-module hollow_key() {
-  difference(){
-    if ($rounded_key) {
-      rounded_shape();
+module front_of_key() {
+  // all this math is to take top skew and tilt into account
+  // we need to find the new effective height and depth of the top, front lip
+  // of the keycap to find the angle so we can rotate things correctly into place
+  total_depth_difference = sin(-$top_tilt) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
+  total_height_difference = $top_skew + (1 - cos(-$top_tilt)) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
+
+  angle = atan2(($total_depth - total_depth_difference), ($height_difference/2 + total_height_difference));
+  hypotenuse = ($total_depth -total_depth_difference) / sin(angle);
+
+  translate([0,-total_key_height()/2,0]) {
+    rotate([-(90-angle), 0, 0]) {
+      translate([0,0,hypotenuse/2]){
+        children();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module outer_shape() {
+  shape(0, 0);
+}
+
+module inner_shape(extra_wall_thickness = 0, extra_keytop_thickness = 0) {
+  translate([0,0,-SMALLEST_POSSIBLE]) {
+    if ($inner_shape_type == "flat") {
+      /* $key_shape_type="square"; */
+      $height_slices = 1;
+      color($primary_color) shape_hull($wall_thickness + extra_wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness + extra_keytop_thickness, 0);
     } else {
-      shape(0, 0);
-    }
-    // translation purely for aesthetic purposes, to get rid of that awful lattice
-    translate([0,0,-SMALLEST_POSSIBLE]) {
-      shape($wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness);
+      shape($wall_thickness + extra_wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness + extra_keytop_thickness);
     }
   }
 }
 
+// additive objects at the top of the key
+module additive_features(inset) {
+  top_of_key() {
+    if($key_bump) keybump($key_bump_depth, $key_bump_edge);
+    if(!inset && $children > 0) color($secondary_color) children();
+  }
+  if($outset_legends) legends(0);
+  // render the clearance check if it's enabled, but don't have it intersect with anything
+  if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
+}
+
+// subtractive objects at the top of the key
+module subtractive_features(inset) {
+  top_of_key() {
+    if (inset && $children > 0) color($secondary_color) children();
+  }
+  if(!$outset_legends) legends($inset_legend_depth);
+  // subtract the clearance check if it's enabled, letting the user see the
+  // parts of the keycap that will hit the cherry switch
+  if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
+}
+
+module inside_features() {
+  translate([0, 0, $stem_inset]) {
+    // both stem and support are optional
+    if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") stems_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
+    if ($stem_type != "disable") stems_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
+    if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") support_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
+    // always render stem support even if there isn't a stem.
+    // rendering flat support w/no stem is much more common than a hollow keycap
+    // so if you want a hollow keycap you'll have to turn support off entirely
+    if ($support_type != "disable") support_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
+  }
+}
 
 // The final, penultimate key generation function.
 // takes all the bits and glues them together. requires configuration with special variables.
-module key(inset = false) {
-  difference() {
-    union(){
-      // the shape of the key, inside and out
-      hollow_key();
-      if($key_bump) top_of_key() keybump($key_bump_depth, $key_bump_edge);
-      // additive objects at the top of the key
-      // outside() makes them stay out of the inside. it's a bad name
-      if(!inset && $children > 0) outside() artisan(0) children();
-      if($outset_legends) legends(0);
-      // render the clearance check if it's enabled, but don't have it intersect with anything
-      if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
+module key(inset=false) {
+  difference(){
+    union() {
+      outer_shape();
+      additive_features(inset) {
+        children();
+      };
     }
 
-    // subtractive objects at the top of the key
-    // no outside() - I can't think of a use for it. will save render time
-    if (inset && $children > 0) artisan($inset_legend_depth) children();
-    if(!$outset_legends) legends($inset_legend_depth);
-    // subtract the clearance check if it's enabled, letting the user see the
-    // parts of the keycap that will hit the cherry switch
-    if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
-  }
-
-  // both stem and support are optional
-  if ($stem_type != "disable" || ($stabilizers != [] && $stabilizer_type != "disable")) {
-    dished($keytop_thickness, $inverted_dish) {
-      translate([0, 0, $stem_inset]) {
-        if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") stems_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
-
-        if ($stem_type != "disable") stems_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
-      }
+    if ($inner_shape_type != "disable") difference() {
+      inner_shape();
+      inside_features();
     }
+
+    subtractive_features(inset) {
+      children();
+    };
   }
+}
 
-  if ($support_type != "disable"){
-    inside() {
-      translate([0, 0, $stem_inset]) {
-        if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") support_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
-
-        // always render stem support even if there isn't a stem.
-        // rendering flat support w/no stem is much more common than a hollow keycap
-        // so if you want a hollow keycap you'll have to turn support off entirely
-        support_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
-      }
+module display_key(inset=false) {
+    minkowski() {
+      outer_shape();
+      minkowski_object();
+      // minkowski doesn't work with difference
+      additive_features(false) {
+        children();
+      };
     }
-  }
 }
 
 // actual full key with space carved out and keystem/stabilizer connectors
@@ -3896,7 +4192,7 @@ $outset_legends = false;
 // Height in units of key. should remain 1 for most uses
 $key_height = 1.0;
 // Keytop thickness, aka how many millimeters between the inside and outside of the top surface of the key
-$keytop_thickness = 2;
+$keytop_thickness = 1;
 // Wall thickness, aka the thickness of the sides of the keycap. note this is the total thickness, aka 3 = 1.5mm walls
 $wall_thickness = 3;
 // Radius of corners of keycap
@@ -4043,18 +4339,18 @@ $tertiary_color = [1, .6941, .2];
 $quaternary_color = [.4078, .3569, .749];
 $warning_color = [1,0,0, 0.15];
 
-// 3d surface variables
-// see functions.scad for the surface function
-$3d_surface_size = 10;
-$3d_surface_step = 1;
-// normally the bottom of the keytop looks like the top - curved, at least
-// underneath the support structure. This ensures there's a minimum thickness for the
-// underside of the keycap, but it's a fair bit of geometry
-$flat_keytop_bottom = true;
-
 // how many facets circles will have when used in these features
 $minkowski_facets = 30;
 $shape_facets =30;
+
+// 3d surface settings
+// unused for now
+$3d_surface_size = 100;
+// resolution in each axis. 10 = 10 divisions per x/y = 100 points total
+$3d_surface_step = 5;
+
+// "flat" / "dished" / "disable"
+$inner_shape_type = "flat";
   key();
 }
 
diff --git a/keys.scad b/keys.scad
index 768110e..0a80ad0 100644
--- a/keys.scad
+++ b/keys.scad
@@ -9,7 +9,32 @@ include <./includes.scad>
 
 
 // example key
-dcs_row(5) legend("⇪", size=9) key();
+/* $skin_key_shape = true; */
+
+difference() {
+  /* top_of_key() { */
+    /* cube(10); */
+  /* } */
+  /* key(); */
+}
+
+/* simple_layout(lets_split_layout) {
+  dcs_row($row) key();
+} */
+
+dcs_row(1) legend("h") front_legend("q"
+) {
+  $key_length = 2.75;
+    key();
+}
+
+translate_u(0,1) dcs_row(1) {
+  $key_length = 0.86;
+  key();
+}
+
+/* debug() key(); */
+
 
 // example row
 /* for (x = [0:1:4]) {
@@ -17,4 +42,4 @@ dcs_row(5) legend("⇪", size=9) key();
 } */
 
 // example layout
-/* preonic_default("dcs"); */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* preonic_default("dcs"); */
diff --git a/src/dishes/3d_surface.scad b/src/dishes/3d_surface.scad
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..413c608
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/dishes/3d_surface.scad
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+include <../libraries/3d_surface.scad>
+
+module 3d_surface_dish(width, height, depth, inverted) {
+  echo(inverted ? "inverted" : "not inverted");
+  // scale_factor is dead reckoning
+  // it doesn't have to be dead reckoning for anything but sculpted sides
+  // we know the angle of the sides from the width difference, height difference,
+  // skew and tilt of the top. it's a pain to calculate though
+  scale_factor = 1.1;
+  // the edges on this behave differently than with the previous dish implementations
+  scale([width*scale_factor/$3d_surface_size/2,height*scale_factor/$3d_surface_size/2,depth]) rotate([inverted ? 0:180,0,180]) polar_3d_surface(bottom=-10);
+  /* %scale([width*scale_factor/$3d_surface_size/2,height*scale_factor/$3d_surface_size/2,depth]) rotate([180,0,0]) polar_3d_surface(bottom=-10); */
+
+}
diff --git a/src/functions.scad b/src/functions.scad
index eabc9c3..376e6c5 100644
--- a/src/functions.scad
+++ b/src/functions.scad
@@ -40,3 +40,27 @@ function vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt() = sin($top_tilt) * (top_total_ke
 // of the keycap a flat plane. 1 = front, -1 = back
 // I derived this through a bunch of trig reductions I don't really understand.
 function extra_keytop_length_for_flat_sides() = ($width_difference * vertical_inclination_due_to_top_tilt()) / ($total_depth);
+
+// 3d surface functions (still in beta)
+
+// monotonically increasing function that distributes the points of the surface mesh
+// only for polar_3d_surface right now
+// if it's linear it's a grid. sin(dim) * size concentrates detail around the edges
+function surface_distribution_function(dim, size) = sin(dim) * size;
+
+// the function that actually determines what the surface is.
+// feel free to override, the last one wins
+
+// debug
+function surface_function(x,y) = 1;
+// cylindrical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size)));
+// spherical
+function surface_function(x,y) = (sin(acos(x/$3d_surface_size))) * sin(acos(y/$3d_surface_size));
+// (statically) random!
+// ripples
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = cos(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)*10)/4+0.75; */
+// Rosenbrock's banana
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = (pow(1-(x/100), 2) + 100 * pow((y/100)-pow((x/100),2),2))/200 + 0.1; */
+// y=x revolved around the y axis
+/* function surface_function(x,y) = 1/(pow(pow(x,2)+pow(y,2),0.5)/100 + .01); */
diff --git a/src/hulls.scad b/src/hulls.scad
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fb7218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hulls.scad
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+include <hulls/skin.scad>
+include <hulls/linear_extrude.scad>
+include <hulls/hull.scad>
+
+// basic key shape, no dish, no inside
+// which is only used for dishing to cut the dish off correctly
+// $height_difference used for keytop thickness
+// extra_slices is a hack to make inverted dishes still work
+module shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
+  render() {
+    if ($skin_extrude_shape) {
+      skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+    } else if ($linear_extrude_shape) {
+      linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+    } else {
+      hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/hulls/hull.scad b/src/hulls/hull.scad
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12df0bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hulls/hull.scad
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+module hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0) {
+  for (index = [0:$height_slices - 1 + extra_slices]) {
+    hull() {
+      shape_slice(index / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
+      shape_slice((index + 1) / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, depth_difference) {
+  skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress;
+  x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress;
+
+  depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress;
+
+  tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress;
+  y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0;
+
+  translate([x_skew_this_slice, skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice]) {
+    rotate([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]){
+      linear_extrude(height = SMALLEST_POSSIBLE + ($rounded_key ? $minkowski_radius : 0), scale = SMALLEST_POSSIBLE){
+        key_shape(
+          [
+            total_key_width(thickness_difference),
+            total_key_height(thickness_difference)
+          ],
+          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
+          progress
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/hulls/linear_extrude.scad b/src/hulls/linear_extrude.scad
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f62299e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hulls/linear_extrude.scad
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// corollary is hull_shape_hull
+// extra_slices unused, only to match argument signatures
+module linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
+  height = $total_depth - depth_difference;
+  width_scale = top_total_key_width() / total_key_width();
+  height_scale = top_total_key_height() / total_key_height();
+
+  translate([0,$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
+    linear_extrude(height = height, scale = [width_scale, height_scale]) {
+        translate([0,-$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
+        key_shape(
+          [total_key_width(thickness_difference), total_key_height(thickness_difference)],
+          [$width_difference, $height_difference]
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/hulls/skin.scad b/src/hulls/skin.scad
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af8d6d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hulls/skin.scad
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// use skin() instead of successive hulls. much more correct, and looks faster
+// too, in most cases. successive hull relies on overlapping faces which are
+// not good. But, skin works on vertex sets instead of shapes, which makes it
+// a lot more difficult to use
+module skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0 ) {
+  skin([
+    for (index = [0:$height_slices + extra_slices])
+      let(
+        progress = (index / $height_slices),
+        skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress,
+        x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress,
+        depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress,
+        tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress,
+        y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0
+      )
+      skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice)
+  ]);
+}
+
+function skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice) =
+  transform(
+    translation([x_skew_this_slice,skew_this_slice,depth_this_slice]),
+    transform(
+      rotation([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]),
+        skin_key_shape([
+          total_key_width(0),
+          total_key_height(0),
+          ],
+          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
+          progress,
+          thickness_difference
+        )
+    )
+  );
diff --git a/src/key.scad b/src/key.scad
index 8b87f16..06197ff 100644
--- a/src/key.scad
+++ b/src/key.scad
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ include <stem_supports.scad>
 include <dishes.scad>
 include <supports.scad>
 include <features.scad>
+include <hulls.scad>
 
 include <libraries/geodesic_sphere.scad>
 
@@ -15,210 +16,44 @@ use <libraries/scad-utils/lists.scad>
 use <libraries/scad-utils/shapes.scad>
 use <libraries/skin.scad>
 
-
 /* [Hidden] */
 SMALLEST_POSSIBLE = 1/128;
-$fs = .1;
+// basically disable $fs - though it might be useful for these CGAL problems
+$fs = .01;
 $unit = 19.05;
 
 // key shape including dish. used as the ouside and inside shape in hollow_key(). allows for itself to be shrunk in depth and width / height
 module shape(thickness_difference, depth_difference=0){
   dished(depth_difference, $inverted_dish) {
-    color($primary_color) shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, $inverted_dish ? 2 : 0);
+    color($primary_color) shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, $inverted_dish ? 200 : 0);
   }
 }
 
-// shape of the key but with soft, rounded edges. no longer includes dish
-// randomly doesnt work sometimes
-// the dish doesn't _quite_ reach as far as it should
-module rounded_shape() {
-  dished(-$minkowski_radius, $inverted_dish) {
-    color($primary_color) minkowski(){
-      // half minkowski in the z direction
-      color($primary_color) shape_hull($minkowski_radius * 2, $minkowski_radius/2, $inverted_dish ? 2 : 0);
-      /* cube($minkowski_radius); */
-      sphere(r=$minkowski_radius, $fn=$minkowski_facets);
-    }
-  }
-  /* %envelope(); */
-}
-
 // this function is more correct, but takes _forever_
 // the main difference is minkowski happens after dishing, meaning the dish is
 // also minkowski'd
-/* module rounded_shape() {
+module rounded_shape() {
   color($primary_color) minkowski(){
     // half minkowski in the z direction
     shape($minkowski_radius * 2, $minkowski_radius/2);
-    difference(){
-      sphere(r=$minkowski_radius, $fn=20);
-      translate([0,0,-$minkowski_radius]){
-        cube($minkowski_radius * 2, center=true);
-      }
-    }
+    minkowski_object();
   }
-} */
+}
 
+// minkowski places this object at every vertex of the other object then mashes
+// it all together
+module minkowski_object() {
+  // alternative minkowski shape that needs the bottom of the keycap to be trimmed
+  /* sphere(1); */
 
-
-// basic key shape, no dish, no inside
-// which is only used for dishing to cut the dish off correctly
-// $height_difference used for keytop thickness
-// extra_slices is a hack to make inverted dishes still work
-module shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
-  render() {
-    if ($skin_extrude_shape) {
-      skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
-    } else if ($linear_extrude_shape) {
-      linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
-    } else {
-      hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices);
+  difference(){
+    sphere(r=$minkowski_radius, $fa=360/$minkowski_facets);
+    translate([0,0,-$minkowski_radius]){
+      cube($minkowski_radius * 2, center=true);
     }
   }
 }
 
-// use skin() instead of successive hulls. much more correct, and looks faster
-// too, in most cases. successive hull relies on overlapping faces which are
-// not good. But, skin works on vertex sets instead of shapes, which makes it
-// a lot more difficult to use
-module skin_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0 ) {
-  skin([
-    for (index = [0:$height_slices + extra_slices])
-      let(
-        progress = (index / $height_slices),
-        skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress,
-        x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress,
-        depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress,
-        tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress,
-        y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0
-      )
-      skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice)
-  ]);
-}
-
-function skin_shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, skew_this_slice, x_skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice, tilt_this_slice, y_tilt_this_slice) =
-  transform(
-    translation([x_skew_this_slice,skew_this_slice,depth_this_slice]),
-    transform(
-      rotation([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]),
-        skin_key_shape([
-          total_key_width(0),
-          total_key_height(0),
-          ],
-          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
-          progress,
-          thickness_difference
-        )
-    )
-  );
-
-// corollary is hull_shape_hull
-// extra_slices unused, only to match argument signatures
-module linear_extrude_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0){
-  height = $total_depth - depth_difference;
-  width_scale = top_total_key_width() / total_key_width();
-  height_scale = top_total_key_height() / total_key_height();
-
-  translate([0,$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
-    linear_extrude(height = height, scale = [width_scale, height_scale]) {
-        translate([0,-$linear_extrude_height_adjustment,0]){
-        key_shape(
-          [total_key_width(thickness_difference), total_key_height(thickness_difference)],
-          [$width_difference, $height_difference]
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module hull_shape_hull(thickness_difference, depth_difference, extra_slices = 0) {
-  for (index = [0:$height_slices - 1 + extra_slices]) {
-    hull() {
-      shape_slice(index / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
-      shape_slice((index + 1) / $height_slices, thickness_difference, depth_difference);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module shape_slice(progress, thickness_difference, depth_difference) {
-  skew_this_slice = $top_skew * progress;
-  x_skew_this_slice = $top_skew_x * progress;
-
-  depth_this_slice = ($total_depth - depth_difference) * progress;
-
-  tilt_this_slice = -$top_tilt / $key_height * progress;
-  y_tilt_this_slice = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length * progress) : 0;
-
-  translate([x_skew_this_slice, skew_this_slice, depth_this_slice]) {
-    rotate([tilt_this_slice,y_tilt_this_slice,0]){
-      linear_extrude(height = SMALLEST_POSSIBLE){
-        key_shape(
-          [
-            total_key_width(thickness_difference),
-            total_key_height(thickness_difference)
-          ],
-          [$width_difference, $height_difference],
-          progress
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// for when you want something to only exist inside the keycap.
-// used for the support structure
-module inside() {
-  intersection() {
-    shape($wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness);
-    children();
-  }
-}
-
-// for when you want something to only exist outside the keycap
-module outside() {
-  difference() {
-    children();
-    shape($wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness);
-  }
-}
-
-// put something at the top of the key, with no adjustments for dishing
-module top_placement(depth_difference=0) {
-  top_tilt_by_height = -$top_tilt / $key_height;
-  top_tilt_y_by_length = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length) : 0;
-
-  minkowski_height = $rounded_key ? $minkowski_radius : 0;
-
-  translate([$top_skew_x + $dish_skew_x, $top_skew + $dish_skew_y, $total_depth - depth_difference + minkowski_height/2]){
-    rotate([top_tilt_by_height, top_tilt_y_by_length,0]){
-      children();
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module front_placement() {
-  // all this math is to take top skew and tilt into account
-  // we need to find the new effective height and depth of the top, front lip
-  // of the keycap to find the angle so we can rotate things correctly into place
-  total_depth_difference = sin(-$top_tilt) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
-  total_height_difference = $top_skew + (1 - cos(-$top_tilt)) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
-
-  angle = atan2(($total_depth - total_depth_difference), ($height_difference/2 + total_height_difference));
-  hypotenuse = ($total_depth -total_depth_difference) / sin(angle);
-
-  translate([0,-total_key_height()/2,0]) {
-    rotate([-(90-angle), 0, 0]) {
-      translate([0,0,hypotenuse/2]){
-        children();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// just to DRY up the code
-module _dish() {
-  color($secondary_color) dish(top_total_key_width() + $dish_overdraw_width, top_total_key_height() + $dish_overdraw_height, $dish_depth, $inverted_dish);
-}
 
 module envelope(depth_difference=0) {
   s = 1.5;
@@ -230,18 +65,6 @@ module envelope(depth_difference=0) {
   }
 }
 
-// I think this is unused
-module dished_for_show() {
-  difference(){
-    union() {
-      envelope();
-      if ($inverted_dish) top_placement(0) _dish();
-    }
-    if (!$inverted_dish) top_placement(0) _dish();
-  }
-}
-
-
 // for when you want to take the dish out of things
 // used for adding the dish to the key shape and making sure stems don't stick out the top
 // creates a bounding box 1.5 times larger in width and height than the keycap.
@@ -250,15 +73,21 @@ module dished(depth_difference = 0, inverted = false) {
     children();
     difference(){
       union() {
+        // envelope is needed to "fill in" the rest of the keycap
         envelope(depth_difference);
-        if (inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish();
+        if (inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish(inverted);
       }
-      if (!inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish();
+      if (!inverted) top_placement(depth_difference) _dish(inverted);
     }
   }
 }
 
-// puts it's children at the center of the dishing on the key, including dish height
+// just to DRY up the code
+module _dish(inverted=$inverted_dish) {
+  color($secondary_color) dish(top_total_key_width() + $dish_overdraw_width, top_total_key_height() + $dish_overdraw_height, $dish_depth, inverted);
+}
+
+// puts its children at the center of the dishing on the key, including dish height
 // more user-friendly than top_placement
 module top_of_key(){
   // if there is a dish, we need to account for how much it digs into the top
@@ -271,6 +100,7 @@ module top_of_key(){
   }
 }
 
+// puts its children at each keystem position provided
 module keystem_positions(positions) {
   for (connector_pos = positions) {
     translate(connector_pos) {
@@ -296,78 +126,121 @@ module stems_for(positions, stem_type) {
   }
 }
 
-// legends / artisan support
-module artisan(depth) {
-  top_of_key() {
-    // artisan objects / outset shape legends
-    color($secondary_color) children();
+// put something at the top of the key, with no adjustments for dishing
+module top_placement(depth_difference=0) {
+  top_tilt_by_height = -$top_tilt / $key_height;
+  top_tilt_y_by_length = $double_sculpted ? (-$top_tilt_y / $key_length) : 0;
+
+  minkowski_height = $rounded_key ? $minkowski_radius : 0;
+
+  translate([$top_skew_x + $dish_skew_x, $top_skew + $dish_skew_y, $total_depth - depth_difference + minkowski_height/2]){
+    rotate([top_tilt_by_height, top_tilt_y_by_length,0]){
+      children();
+    }
   }
 }
 
-// key with hollowed inside but no stem
-module hollow_key() {
-  difference(){
-    if ($rounded_key) {
-      rounded_shape();
+module front_of_key() {
+  // all this math is to take top skew and tilt into account
+  // we need to find the new effective height and depth of the top, front lip
+  // of the keycap to find the angle so we can rotate things correctly into place
+  total_depth_difference = sin(-$top_tilt) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
+  total_height_difference = $top_skew + (1 - cos(-$top_tilt)) * (top_total_key_height()/2);
+
+  angle = atan2(($total_depth - total_depth_difference), ($height_difference/2 + total_height_difference));
+  hypotenuse = ($total_depth -total_depth_difference) / sin(angle);
+
+  translate([0,-total_key_height()/2,0]) {
+    rotate([-(90-angle), 0, 0]) {
+      translate([0,0,hypotenuse/2]){
+        children();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module outer_shape() {
+  shape(0, 0);
+}
+
+module inner_shape(extra_wall_thickness = 0, extra_keytop_thickness = 0) {
+  translate([0,0,-SMALLEST_POSSIBLE]) {
+    if ($inner_shape_type == "flat") {
+      /* $key_shape_type="square"; */
+      $height_slices = 1;
+      color($primary_color) shape_hull($wall_thickness + extra_wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness + extra_keytop_thickness, 0);
     } else {
-      shape(0, 0);
-    }
-    // translation purely for aesthetic purposes, to get rid of that awful lattice
-    translate([0,0,-SMALLEST_POSSIBLE]) {
-      shape($wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness);
+      shape($wall_thickness + extra_wall_thickness, $keytop_thickness + extra_keytop_thickness);
     }
   }
 }
 
+// additive objects at the top of the key
+module additive_features(inset) {
+  top_of_key() {
+    if($key_bump) keybump($key_bump_depth, $key_bump_edge);
+    if(!inset && $children > 0) color($secondary_color) children();
+  }
+  if($outset_legends) legends(0);
+  // render the clearance check if it's enabled, but don't have it intersect with anything
+  if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
+}
+
+// subtractive objects at the top of the key
+module subtractive_features(inset) {
+  top_of_key() {
+    if (inset && $children > 0) color($secondary_color) children();
+  }
+  if(!$outset_legends) legends($inset_legend_depth);
+  // subtract the clearance check if it's enabled, letting the user see the
+  // parts of the keycap that will hit the cherry switch
+  if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
+}
+
+module inside_features() {
+  translate([0, 0, $stem_inset]) {
+    // both stem and support are optional
+    if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") stems_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
+    if ($stem_type != "disable") stems_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
+    if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") support_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
+    // always render stem support even if there isn't a stem.
+    // rendering flat support w/no stem is much more common than a hollow keycap
+    // so if you want a hollow keycap you'll have to turn support off entirely
+    if ($support_type != "disable") support_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
+  }
+}
 
 // The final, penultimate key generation function.
 // takes all the bits and glues them together. requires configuration with special variables.
-module key(inset = false) {
-  difference() {
-    union(){
-      // the shape of the key, inside and out
-      hollow_key();
-      if($key_bump) top_of_key() keybump($key_bump_depth, $key_bump_edge);
-      // additive objects at the top of the key
-      // outside() makes them stay out of the inside. it's a bad name
-      if(!inset && $children > 0) outside() artisan(0) children();
-      if($outset_legends) legends(0);
-      // render the clearance check if it's enabled, but don't have it intersect with anything
-      if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
+module key(inset=false) {
+  difference(){
+    union() {
+      outer_shape();
+      additive_features(inset) {
+        children();
+      };
     }
 
-    // subtractive objects at the top of the key
-    // no outside() - I can't think of a use for it. will save render time
-    if (inset && $children > 0) artisan($inset_legend_depth) children();
-    if(!$outset_legends) legends($inset_legend_depth);
-    // subtract the clearance check if it's enabled, letting the user see the
-    // parts of the keycap that will hit the cherry switch
-    if ($clearance_check) %clearance_check();
-  }
-
-  // both stem and support are optional
-  if ($stem_type != "disable" || ($stabilizers != [] && $stabilizer_type != "disable")) {
-    dished($keytop_thickness, $inverted_dish) {
-      translate([0, 0, $stem_inset]) {
-        if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") stems_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
-
-        if ($stem_type != "disable") stems_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
-      }
+    if ($inner_shape_type != "disable") difference() {
+      inner_shape();
+      inside_features();
     }
+
+    subtractive_features(inset) {
+      children();
+    };
   }
+}
 
-  if ($support_type != "disable"){
-    inside() {
-      translate([0, 0, $stem_inset]) {
-        if ($stabilizer_type != "disable") support_for($stabilizers, $stabilizer_type);
-
-        // always render stem support even if there isn't a stem.
-        // rendering flat support w/no stem is much more common than a hollow keycap
-        // so if you want a hollow keycap you'll have to turn support off entirely
-        support_for($stem_positions, $stem_type);
-      }
+module display_key(inset=false) {
+    minkowski() {
+      outer_shape();
+      minkowski_object();
+      // minkowski doesn't work with difference
+      additive_features(false) {
+        children();
+      };
     }
-  }
 }
 
 // actual full key with space carved out and keystem/stabilizer connectors
diff --git a/src/key_transformations.scad b/src/key_transformations.scad
index f873a59..e443ae0 100644
--- a/src/key_transformations.scad
+++ b/src/key_transformations.scad
@@ -177,3 +177,14 @@ module debug() {
 
   %children();
 }
+
+module display() {
+  $height_slices = 30;
+  $minkowski_facets = 64;
+  $shape_facets = 64;
+  $stem_type = "disable";
+  $support_type = "disable";
+  $stem_support_type = "disable";
+
+  children();
+}
diff --git a/src/layouts/lets_split/default.scad b/src/layouts/lets_split/default.scad
index e3824de..c236d43 100644
--- a/src/layouts/lets_split/default.scad
+++ b/src/layouts/lets_split/default.scad
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 include <../layout.scad>
 
 // negative numbers are used for spacing
-lets_split_mapping = [
+lets_split_layout = [
   [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
   [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
   [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ lets_split_mapping = [
 ];
 
 module lets_split_default(profile) {
-  layout(lets_split_mapping, profile, row_sculpting_offset=1) children();
+  layout(lets_split_layout, profile, row_sculpting_offset=1) children();
 }
diff --git a/src/settings.scad b/src/settings.scad
index cd1fe25..0869c1e 100644
--- a/src/settings.scad
+++ b/src/settings.scad
@@ -187,3 +187,12 @@ $warning_color = [1,0,0, 0.15];
 // how many facets circles will have when used in these features
 $minkowski_facets = 30;
 $shape_facets =30;
+
+// 3d surface settings
+// unused for now
+$3d_surface_size = 100;
+// resolution in each axis. 10 = 10 divisions per x/y = 100 points total
+$3d_surface_step = 5;
+
+// "flat" / "dished" / "disable"
+$inner_shape_type = "flat";