From 7d7f093120df5fcdfd1f9b21fc6b0622636a7ff1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: bubnikv <bubnikv@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 16:30:56 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] C++ supports sketched, but not finalized yet. Slic3r is still
 using the old Perl supports, but this time with the C++ fillers.

---
 lib/Slic3r.pm                        |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/Print/GCode.pm            |   2 +
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm           |  36 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Print/SupportMaterial.pm  | 124 ++--
 xs/MANIFEST                          |   1 +
 xs/lib/Slic3r/XS.pm                  |  16 +
 xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.cpp   |  14 +-
 xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.hpp   |   2 +
 xs/src/libslic3r/Flow.cpp            |   9 +-
 xs/src/libslic3r/Layer.hpp           |   3 +-
 xs/src/libslic3r/LayerRegion.cpp     |   6 -
 xs/src/libslic3r/Print.hpp           |   4 +-
 xs/src/libslic3r/PrintObject.cpp     |   6 -
 xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp | 815 ++++++++++++---------------
 xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp |  93 +--
 xs/src/perlglue.cpp                  |   1 +
 xs/xsp/SupportMaterial.xsp           |  18 +-
 xs/xsp/my.map                        |   4 +
 xs/xsp/typemap.xspt                  |   4 +
 19 files changed, 602 insertions(+), 557 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 1cd67fb73..ec0dae675 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -250,6 +250,7 @@ sub thread_cleanup {
     *Slic3r::Print::Region::DESTROY         = sub {};
     *Slic3r::Surface::DESTROY               = sub {};
     *Slic3r::Surface::Collection::DESTROY   = sub {};
+    *Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial2::DESTROY = sub {};
     *Slic3r::TriangleMesh::DESTROY          = sub {};
     return undef;  # this prevents a "Scalars leaked" warning
 }
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/GCode.pm
index e862a59e1..d39241949 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/GCode.pm
@@ -288,6 +288,8 @@ sub export {
         my @obj_idx = @{chained_path([ map Slic3r::Point->new(@{$_->_shifted_copies->[0]}), @{$self->objects} ])};
         
         # sort layers by Z
+        # All extrusion moves with the same top layer height are extruded uninterrupted,
+        # object extrusion moves are performed first, then the support.
         my %layers = ();  # print_z => [ [layers], [layers], [layers] ]  by obj_idx
         foreach my $obj_idx (0 .. ($self->print->object_count - 1)) {
             my $object = $self->objects->[$obj_idx];
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index 42a85e2b4..17852a528 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -70,14 +70,16 @@ sub slice {
     
         # add raft layers
         if ($self->config->raft_layers > 0) {
+            # Reserve object layers for the raft. Last layer of the raft is the contact layer.
             $id += $self->config->raft_layers;
         
-            # raise first object layer Z by the thickness of the raft itself
-            # plus the extra distance required by the support material logic
+            # Raise first object layer Z by the thickness of the raft itself
+            # plus the extra distance required by the support material logic.
+            #FIXME The last raft layer is the contact layer, which shall be printed with a bridging flow for ease of separation. Currently it is not the case.
             my $first_layer_height = $self->config->get_value('first_layer_height');
             $print_z += $first_layer_height;
             
-            # use a large height
+            # Use as large as possible layer height for the intermediate raft layers.
             my $support_material_layer_height;
             {
                 my @nozzle_diameters = (
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@ sub slice {
             $print_z += $support_material_layer_height * ($self->config->raft_layers - 1);
         
             # compute the average of all nozzles used for printing the object
+            #FIXME It is expected, that the 1st layer of the object is printed with a bridging flow over a full raft. Shall it not be vice versa?
             my $nozzle_diameter;
             {
                 my @nozzle_diameters = (
@@ -664,13 +667,26 @@ sub _support_material {
         bridge_flow_ratio   => 0,
     );
     
-    return Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial->new(
-        print_config        => $self->print->config,
-        object_config       => $self->config,
-        first_layer_flow    => $first_layer_flow,
-        flow                => $self->support_material_flow,
-        interface_flow      => $self->support_material_flow(FLOW_ROLE_SUPPORT_MATERIAL_INTERFACE),
-    );
+    if (1) {
+        # Old supports, Perl implementation.
+        return Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial->new(
+            print_config        => $self->print->config,
+            object_config       => $self->config,
+            first_layer_flow    => $first_layer_flow,
+            flow                => $self->support_material_flow,
+            interface_flow      => $self->support_material_flow(FLOW_ROLE_SUPPORT_MATERIAL_INTERFACE),
+        );
+    } else {
+        # New supports, C++ implementation.
+        return Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial2->new(
+            print_config        => $self->print->config,
+            object_config       => $self->config,
+            first_layer_flow    => $first_layer_flow,
+            flow                => $self->support_material_flow,
+            interface_flow      => $self->support_material_flow(FLOW_ROLE_SUPPORT_MATERIAL_INTERFACE),
+            soluble_interface   => ($self->config->support_material_contact_distance == 0),
+        );        
+    }
 }
 
 # This function analyzes slices of a region (SurfaceCollection slices).
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/SupportMaterial.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/SupportMaterial.pm
index 69acd3251..d73677484 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/SupportMaterial.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/SupportMaterial.pm
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use Slic3r::ExtrusionPath ':roles';
 use Slic3r::Flow ':roles';
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(epsilon scale scaled_epsilon PI rad2deg deg2rad convex_hull);
 use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(offset diff union union_ex intersection offset_ex offset2
-    intersection_pl offset2_ex diff_pl);
+    intersection_pl offset2_ex diff_pl CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE JT_MITER JT_ROUND);
 use Slic3r::Surface ':types';
 
 has 'print_config'      => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ sub generate {
     }
     
     # Propagate contact layers downwards to generate interface layers
-    my ($interface) = $self->generate_interface_layers($support_z, $contact, $top);
+    my ($interface) = $self->generate_top_interface_layers($support_z, $contact, $top);
     $self->clip_with_object($interface, $support_z, $object);
     $self->clip_with_shape($interface, $shape) if @$shape;
     
@@ -146,10 +146,14 @@ sub contact_area {
             # footprint for the raft
             # we only consider contours and discard holes to get a more continuous raft
             push @overhang, map $_->clone, map $_->contour, @{$layer->slices};
+            # Extend by SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN, which is 1.5mm
+            # MARGIN is the C++ Slic3r::SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN constant.
             push @contact, @{offset(\@overhang, scale +MARGIN)};
         } else {
             my $lower_layer = $object->get_layer($layer_id-1);
             foreach my $layerm (@{$layer->regions}) {
+                # Extrusion width accounts for the roundings of the extrudates.
+                # It is the maximum widh of the extrudate.
                 my $fw = $layerm->flow(FLOW_ROLE_EXTERNAL_PERIMETER)->scaled_width;
                 my $diff;
             
@@ -161,6 +165,7 @@ sub contact_area {
                         ? scale $lower_layer->height * ((cos $threshold_rad) / (sin $threshold_rad))
                         : 0;
                 
+                    # Shrinking the supported layer by layer_height/atan(threshold_rad).
                     $diff = diff(
                         offset([ map $_->p, @{$layerm->slices} ], -$d),
                         [ map @$_, @{$lower_layer->slices} ],
@@ -175,9 +180,12 @@ sub contact_area {
                         [ map @$_, @{$lower_layer->slices} ],
                     ) if $d > $fw/2;
                 } else {
+                    # Automatic overhang detection.
                     $diff = diff(
                         [ map $_->p, @{$layerm->slices} ],
-                        offset([ map @$_, @{$lower_layer->slices} ], +$fw*2),
+                        offset([ map @$_, @{$lower_layer->slices} ], 
+                            #FIXME Vojtech: Why 2x extrusion width? Isn't this too much? Should it not be /2?
+                            +$fw/2),
                     );
                 
                     # collapse very tiny spots
@@ -288,8 +296,13 @@ sub contact_area {
                     }
                     for ($fw/2, map {scale MARGIN_STEP} 1..(MARGIN / MARGIN_STEP)) {
                         $diff = diff(
-                            offset($diff, $_),
-                            $slices_margin,
+                            offset(
+                                $diff, 
+                                $_,
+                                CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE,
+                                JT_ROUND,
+                                scale(0.05)*CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE),
+                            $slices_margin
                         );
                     }
                 }
@@ -308,7 +321,9 @@ sub contact_area {
             
             my $contact_z = $layer->print_z - $self->contact_distance($layer->height, $nozzle_diameter);
             
-            # ignore this contact area if it's too low
+            # Ignore this contact area if it's too low.
+            #FIXME Better to control the thickness of the interface layer printed, but that would
+            # require having attributes (extrusion width / height, bridge flow etc) per island.
             next if $contact_z < $self->object_config->get_value('first_layer_height') - epsilon;
             
             $contact{$contact_z}  = [ @contact ];
@@ -336,6 +351,7 @@ sub object_top {
     my %top = ();  # print_z => [ expolygons ]
     return \%top if ($self->object_config->support_material_buildplate_only);
 
+    # Sum of unsupported contact areas above the current $layer->print_z.
     my $projection = [];
     foreach my $layer (reverse @{$object->layers}) {
         if (my @top = map @{$_->slices->filter_by_type(S_TYPE_TOP)}, @{$layer->regions}) {
@@ -348,7 +364,8 @@ sub object_top {
             # having the same Z of top layers
             push @$projection, map @{$contact->{$_}}, grep { $_ > $layer->print_z && $_ <= $min_top } keys %$contact;
             
-            # now find whether any projection falls onto this top surface
+            # Now find whether any projection of the contact surfaces above $layer->print_z not yet supported by any top surfaces above $layer->z falls onto this top surface. 
+            # $touching are the contact surfaces supported exclusively by this @top surfaaces.
             my $touching = intersection($projection, [ map $_->p, @top ]);
             if (@$touching) {
                 # grow top surfaces so that interface and support generation are generated
@@ -382,7 +399,10 @@ sub support_layers_z {
     # initialize known, fixed, support layers
     my @z = sort { $a <=> $b }
         @$contact_z,
-        @$top_z,  # TODO: why we have this?
+        # TODO: why we have this?
+        # Vojtech: To detect the bottom interface layers by finding a Z value in the $top_z.
+        @$top_z,
+        # Top surfaces of the bottom interface layers.
         (map $_ + $contact_distance, @$top_z);
     
     # enforce first layer height
@@ -407,10 +427,15 @@ sub support_layers_z {
     for (my $i = $#z; $i >= $self->object_config->raft_layers; $i--) {
         my $target_height = $support_material_height;
         if ($i > 0 && $top{ $z[$i-1] }) {
+            # Bridge flow?
+            #FIXME We want to enforce not only the bridge flow height, but also the interface gap!
+            # This will introduce an additional layer if the gap is set to an extreme value!
             $target_height = $nozzle_diameter;
         }
         
         # enforce first layer height
+        #FIXME better to split the layers regularly, than to bite a constant height one at a time, 
+        # and then be left with a very thin layer at the end.
         if (($i == 0 && $z[$i] > $target_height + $first_layer_height)
             || ($z[$i] - $z[$i-1] > $target_height + Slic3r::Geometry::epsilon)) {
             splice @z, $i, 0, ($z[$i] - $target_height);
@@ -427,8 +452,11 @@ sub support_layers_z {
     return \@z;
 }
 
-sub generate_interface_layers {
+sub generate_top_interface_layers {
     my ($self, $support_z, $contact, $top) = @_;
+
+    # If no interface layers are allowed, don't generate top interface layers.
+    return if $self->object_config->support_material_interface_layers == 0;
     
     # let's now generate interface layers below contact areas
     my %interface = ();  # layer_id => [ polygons ]
@@ -519,6 +547,7 @@ sub generate_base_layers {
     # let's now generate support layers under interface layers
     my $base = {};  # layer_id => [ polygons ]
     {
+        my $fillet_radius_scaled = scale($self->object_config->support_material_spacing);
         for my $i (reverse 0 .. $#$support_z-1) {
             my $z = $support_z->[$i];
             my @overlapping_layers = $self->overlapping_layers($i, $support_z);
@@ -531,19 +560,36 @@ sub generate_base_layers {
                 @upper_contact = @{ $contact->{$support_z->[$i+1]} || [] };
             }
             
+            my $trim_polygons = [
+                    (map @$_, map $top->{$_}, grep exists $top->{$_}, @overlapping_z),  # top slices on this layer
+                    (map @$_, map $interface->{$_}, grep exists $interface->{$_}, @overlapping_layers),  # interface regions on this layer
+                    (map @$_, map $contact->{$_}, grep exists $contact->{$_}, @overlapping_z),  # contact regions on this layer
+                ];
+
             $base->{$i} = diff(
                 [
                     @{ $base->{$i+1} || [] },         # support regions on upper layer
                     @{ $interface->{$i+1} || [] },    # interface regions on upper layer
                     @upper_contact,                   # contact regions on upper layer
                 ],
-                [
-                    (map @$_, map $top->{$_}, grep exists $top->{$_}, @overlapping_z),  # top slices on this layer
-                    (map @$_, map $interface->{$_}, grep exists $interface->{$_}, @overlapping_layers),  # interface regions on this layer
-                    (map @$_, map $contact->{$_}, grep exists $contact->{$_}, @overlapping_z),  # contact regions on this layer
-                ],
-                1,
+                $trim_polygons,
+                1, # safety offset to merge the touching source polygons
             );
+
+            if (0) {
+                # Fillet the base polygons and trim them again with the top, interface and contact layers.
+                $base->{$i} = diff(
+                    offset2(
+                        $base->{$i}, 
+                        $fillet_radius_scaled, 
+                        -$fillet_radius_scaled,
+                        # Use a geometric offsetting for filleting.
+                        CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE,
+                        JT_ROUND,
+                        0.2*$fillet_radius_scaled*CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE),
+                    $trim_polygons,
+                    0); # don't apply the safety offset.
+            }
         }
     }
     
@@ -602,8 +648,8 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
     }
     
     my %fillers = (
-        interface   => $object->fill_maker->filler('rectilinear'),
-        support     => $object->fill_maker->filler($pattern),
+        interface   => $object->fill_maker2->filler('rectilinear'),
+        support     => $object->fill_maker2->filler($pattern),
     );
     
     my $interface_angle = $self->object_config->support_material_angle + 90;
@@ -635,7 +681,8 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
         
         if (0) {
             require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
-            Slic3r::SVG::output("layer_" . $z . ".svg",
+            Slic3r::SVG::output("out\\layer_" . $z . ".svg",
+                blue_expolygons     => union_ex($base),
                 red_expolygons      => union_ex($contact),
                 green_expolygons    => union_ex($interface),
             );
@@ -718,8 +765,8 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
         
         # interface and contact infill
         if (@$interface || @$contact_infill) {
-            $fillers{interface}->angle($interface_angle);
-            $fillers{interface}->spacing($_interface_flow->spacing);
+            $fillers{interface}->set_angle($interface_angle);
+            $fillers{interface}->set_spacing($_interface_flow->spacing);
             
             # find centerline of the external loop
             $interface = offset2($interface, +scaled_epsilon, -(scaled_epsilon + $_interface_flow->scaled_width/2));
@@ -745,7 +792,7 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
             
             my @paths = ();
             foreach my $expolygon (@{union_ex($interface)}) {
-                my @p = $fillers{interface}->fill_surface(
+                my $polylines = $fillers{interface}->fill_surface(
                     Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $expolygon, surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNAL),
                     density      => $interface_density,
                     layer_height => $layer->height,
@@ -759,8 +806,8 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
                     mm3_per_mm  => $mm3_per_mm,
                     width       => $_interface_flow->width,
                     height      => $layer->height,
-                ), @p;
-            }                
+                ), @$polylines,
+            }
             
             $layer->support_interface_fills->append(@paths);
         }
@@ -768,30 +815,39 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
         # support or flange
         if (@$base) {
             my $filler = $fillers{support};
-            $filler->angle($angles[ ($layer_id) % @angles ]);
+            $filler->set_angle($angles[ ($layer_id) % @angles ]);
             
             # We don't use $base_flow->spacing because we need a constant spacing
             # value that guarantees that all layers are correctly aligned.
-            $filler->spacing($flow->spacing);
+            $filler->set_spacing($flow->spacing);
             
             my $density     = $support_density;
             my $base_flow   = $_flow;
             
             # find centerline of the external loop/extrusions
             my $to_infill = offset2_ex($base, +scaled_epsilon, -(scaled_epsilon + $_flow->scaled_width/2));
+
+            if (0) {
+                require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
+                Slic3r::SVG::output("out\\to_infill_base" . $z . ".svg",
+                    red_expolygons      => union_ex($contact),
+                    green_expolygons    => union_ex($interface),
+                    blue_expolygons     => $to_infill,
+                );
+            }
             
             my @paths = ();
             
             # base flange
             if ($layer_id == 0) {
                 $filler = $fillers{interface};
-                $filler->angle($self->object_config->support_material_angle + 90);
+                $filler->set_angle($self->object_config->support_material_angle + 90);
                 $density        = 0.5;
                 $base_flow      = $self->first_layer_flow;
                 
                 # use the proper spacing for first layer as we don't need to align
                 # its pattern to the other layers
-                $filler->spacing($base_flow->spacing);
+                $filler->set_spacing($base_flow->spacing);
             } elsif ($with_sheath) {
                 # draw a perimeter all around support infill
                 # TODO: use brim ordering algorithm
@@ -808,9 +864,8 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
                 $to_infill = offset_ex([ map @$_, @$to_infill ], -$_flow->scaled_spacing);
             }
             
-            my $mm3_per_mm = $base_flow->mm3_per_mm;
             foreach my $expolygon (@$to_infill) {
-                my @p = $filler->fill_surface(
+                my $polylines = $filler->fill_surface(
                     Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $expolygon, surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNAL),
                     density     => $density,
                     layer_height => $layer->height,
@@ -820,10 +875,10 @@ sub generate_toolpaths {
                 push @paths, map Slic3r::ExtrusionPath->new(
                     polyline    => Slic3r::Polyline->new(@$_),
                     role        => EXTR_ROLE_SUPPORTMATERIAL,
-                    mm3_per_mm  => $mm3_per_mm,
+                    mm3_per_mm  => $base_flow->mm3_per_mm,
                     width       => $base_flow->width,
                     height      => $layer->height,
-                ), @p;
+                ), @$polylines;
             }
             
             $layer->support_fills->append(@paths);
@@ -864,8 +919,11 @@ sub generate_pillars_shape {
     my $pillar_size     = scale PILLAR_SIZE;
     my $pillar_spacing  = scale PILLAR_SPACING;
     
+    # A regular grid of pillars, filling the 2D bounding box.
+    # arrayref of polygons
     my $grid;  # arrayref of polygons
     {
+        # Rectangle with a side of 2.5x2.5mm.
         my $pillar = Slic3r::Polygon->new(
             [0,0],
             [$pillar_size, 0],
@@ -873,7 +931,9 @@ sub generate_pillars_shape {
             [0, $pillar_size],
         );
         
+        # A regular grid of pillars, filling the 2D bounding box.
         my @pillars = ();
+        # 2D bounding box of the projection of all contact polygons.
         my $bb = Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new_from_points([ map @$_, map @$_, values %$contact ]);
         for (my $x = $bb->x_min; $x <= $bb->x_max-$pillar_size; $x += $pillar_spacing) {
             for (my $y = $bb->y_min; $y <= $bb->y_max-$pillar_size; $y += $pillar_spacing) {
@@ -962,7 +1022,7 @@ sub overlapping_layers {
 
 sub contact_distance {
     my ($self, $layer_height, $nozzle_diameter) = @_;
-    
+
     my $extra = $self->object_config->support_material_contact_distance;
     if ($extra == 0) {
         return $layer_height;
diff --git a/xs/MANIFEST b/xs/MANIFEST
index 4594a074a..5a0a3e420 100644
--- a/xs/MANIFEST
+++ b/xs/MANIFEST
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ src/libslic3r/PrintConfig.cpp
 src/libslic3r/PrintConfig.hpp
 src/libslic3r/PrintObject.cpp
 src/libslic3r/PrintRegion.cpp
+src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp
 src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp
 src/libslic3r/Surface.cpp
 src/libslic3r/Surface.hpp
diff --git a/xs/lib/Slic3r/XS.pm b/xs/lib/Slic3r/XS.pm
index 8fb933181..9b7cfcddf 100644
--- a/xs/lib/Slic3r/XS.pm
+++ b/xs/lib/Slic3r/XS.pm
@@ -229,6 +229,21 @@ sub new {
     return $self;
 }
 
+package Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial2;
+
+sub new {
+    my ($class, %args) = @_;
+    
+    return $class->_new(
+        $args{print_config},        # required
+        $args{object_config},       # required
+        $args{first_layer_flow},    # required
+        $args{flow},                # required
+        $args{interface_flow},      # required
+        $args{soluble_interface}    // 0
+    );
+}
+
 package Slic3r::GUI::_3DScene::GLVertexArray;
 sub CLONE_SKIP { 1 }
 
@@ -283,6 +298,7 @@ for my $class (qw(
         Slic3r::Print::State
         Slic3r::Surface
         Slic3r::Surface::Collection
+        Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial2
         Slic3r::TriangleMesh
     ))
 {
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.cpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.cpp
index 3c652fe85..42c1f5ab2 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.cpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,6 @@
 
 namespace Slic3r {
 
-Fill* Fill::new_from_type(const std::string &type)
-{
-    static t_config_enum_values enum_keys_map = ConfigOptionEnum<InfillPattern>::get_enum_values();
-    t_config_enum_values::const_iterator it = enum_keys_map.find(type);
-    return (it == enum_keys_map.end()) ? NULL : new_from_type(InfillPattern(it->second));
-}
-
 Fill* Fill::new_from_type(const InfillPattern type)
 {
     switch (type) {
@@ -39,6 +32,13 @@ Fill* Fill::new_from_type(const InfillPattern type)
     }
 }
 
+Fill* Fill::new_from_type(const std::string &type)
+{
+    static t_config_enum_values enum_keys_map = ConfigOptionEnum<InfillPattern>::get_enum_values();
+    t_config_enum_values::const_iterator it = enum_keys_map.find(type);
+    return (it == enum_keys_map.end()) ? NULL : new_from_type(InfillPattern(it->second));
+}
+
 Polylines Fill::fill_surface(const Surface *surface, const FillParams &params)
 {
     // Perform offset.
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.hpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.hpp
index f4c55cbc0..c3ee734b3 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.hpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.hpp
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "../libslic3r.h"
 #include "../BoundingBox.hpp"
+#include "../PrintConfig.hpp"
 
 namespace Slic3r {
 
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ public:
 public:
     virtual ~Fill() {}
 
+    static Fill* Fill::new_from_type(const InfillPattern type);
     static Fill* new_from_type(const std::string &type);
 
     void         set_bounding_box(const Slic3r::BoundingBox &bbox) { bounding_box = bbox; }
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/Flow.cpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/Flow.cpp
index 6b3d1986c..49a55a50e 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/Flow.cpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/Flow.cpp
@@ -77,10 +77,11 @@ Flow::mm3_per_mm() const {
 }
 
 /* This static method returns bridge width for a given nozzle diameter. */
-float
-Flow::_bridge_width(float nozzle_diameter, float bridge_flow_ratio) {
-    if (bridge_flow_ratio == 1) return nozzle_diameter;  // optimization to avoid sqrt()
-    return sqrt(bridge_flow_ratio * (nozzle_diameter*nozzle_diameter));
+float Flow::_bridge_width(float nozzle_diameter, float bridge_flow_ratio) {
+    return (bridge_flow_ratio == 1.) ?
+        // optimization to avoid sqrt()
+        nozzle_diameter :
+        sqrt(bridge_flow_ratio) * nozzle_diameter;
 }
 
 /* This static method returns a sane extrusion width default. */
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/Layer.hpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/Layer.hpp
index 098797d8f..523674681 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/Layer.hpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/Layer.hpp
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ class LayerRegion
 
     public:
     Layer* layer();
-    PrintRegion* region();
+    PrintRegion* region() { return this->_region; }
+    const PrintRegion* region() const { return this->_region; }
 
     // collection of surfaces generated by slicing the original geometry
     // divided by type top/bottom/internal
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/LayerRegion.cpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/LayerRegion.cpp
index 64482145e..dcea83bd4 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/LayerRegion.cpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/LayerRegion.cpp
@@ -28,12 +28,6 @@ LayerRegion::layer()
     return this->_layer;
 }
 
-PrintRegion*
-LayerRegion::region()
-{
-    return this->_region;
-}
-
 Flow
 LayerRegion::flow(FlowRole role, bool bridge, double width) const
 {
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/Print.hpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/Print.hpp
index 755b39e9d..1ad20afa5 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/Print.hpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/Print.hpp
@@ -120,7 +120,9 @@ public:
     size_t total_layer_count() const;
     size_t layer_count() const;
     void clear_layers();
-    Layer* get_layer(int idx);
+    Layer* get_layer(int idx) { return this->layers.at(idx); }
+    const Layer* get_layer(int idx) const { return this->layers.at(idx); }
+
     // print_z: top of the layer; slice_z: center of the layer.
     Layer* add_layer(int id, coordf_t height, coordf_t print_z, coordf_t slice_z);
     void delete_layer(int idx);
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/PrintObject.cpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/PrintObject.cpp
index 97022a414..ac477f4d7 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/PrintObject.cpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/PrintObject.cpp
@@ -149,12 +149,6 @@ PrintObject::clear_layers()
         this->delete_layer(i);
 }
 
-Layer*
-PrintObject::get_layer(int idx)
-{
-    return this->layers.at(idx);
-}
-
 Layer*
 PrintObject::add_layer(int id, coordf_t height, coordf_t print_z, coordf_t slice_z)
 {
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp
index 39245605e..5d4d0f34c 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp
@@ -1,28 +1,48 @@
-#include "PerimeterGenerator.hpp"
 #include "ClipperUtils.hpp"
 #include "ExtrusionEntityCollection.hpp"
+#include "PerimeterGenerator.hpp"
+#include "Print.hpp"
+#include "Layer.hpp"
+#include "SupportMaterial.hpp"
+#include "Fill/FillBase.hpp"
+
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cassert>
 
 namespace Slic3r {
 
-// increment used to reach MARGIN in steps to avoid trespassing thin objects
-#define MARGIN_STEPS 3
-// generate a tree-like structure to save material
+// Increment used to reach MARGIN in steps to avoid trespassing thin objects
+#define NUM_MARGIN_STEPS 3
+
+// Dimensions of a tree-like structure to save material
 #define PILLAR_SIZE (2.5)
 #define PILLAR_SPACING 10
 
-inline Layer& layer_allocate(std::deque<Layer> &layer_storage)
+// Using the std::deque as an allocator.
+inline PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayer& layer_allocate(
+    std::deque<PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayer> &layer_storage, 
+    PrintSupportMaterial::SupporLayerType      layer_type)
 { 
-    m_layer_storage.push_back(Layer());
-    return m_layer.back();
+    layer_storage.push_back(PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayer());
+    layer_storage.back().layer_type = layer_type;
+    return layer_storage.back();
 }
 
-void PrintSupportMaterial::generate(PrintObject *object)
+inline void layers_append(PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr &dst, const PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr &src)
+{
+    dst.insert(dst.end(), src.begin(), src.end());
+}
+
+inline void polygons_append(Polygons &dst, const Polygons &src)
+{
+    dst.insert(dst.end(), src.begin(), src.end());
+}
+
+void PrintSupportMaterial::generate(PrintObject &object)
 {
     coordf_t max_object_layer_height = 0.;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < object->layer_count(); ++ i)
-        max_object_layer_height = std::max(max_object_layer_height, object->get_layer(i)->height);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < object.layer_count(); ++ i)
+        max_object_layer_height = std::max(max_object_layer_height, object.get_layer(i)->height);
 
     if (m_support_layer_height_max == 0)
         m_support_layer_height_max = std::max(max_object_layer_height, 0.75 * m_flow.nozzle_diameter);
@@ -30,64 +50,85 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate(PrintObject *object)
         m_support_interface_layer_height_max = std::max(max_object_layer_height, 0.75 * m_interface_flow.nozzle_diameter);
 
     // Layer instances will be allocated by std::deque and they will be kept until the end of this function call.
-    // The layers will be referenced by various LayersPtr (std::vector<Layer*>)
-    std::deque<Layer> layer_storage;
+    // The layers will be referenced by various LayersPtr (of type std::vector<Layer*>)
+    MyLayerStorage layer_storage;
 
-    // Determine the top surfaces of the support, defined as:
+    // Determine the top contact surfaces of the support, defined as:
     // contact = overhangs - clearance + margin
     // This method is responsible for identifying what contact surfaces
     // should the support material expose to the object in order to guarantee
     // that it will be effective, regardless of how it's built below.
-    LayersSet top_contacts = this->top_contact_layers(object, layer_storage);
+    MyLayersPtr top_contacts = this->top_contact_layers(object, layer_storage);
     if (top_contacts.empty())
+        // Nothing is supported, no supports are generated.
         return;
 
-    // Determine the top surfaces of the object. We need these to determine 
-    // the layer heights of support material and to clip support to the object
-    // silhouette.
-    LayersSet bottom_contacts = this->bottom_contact_layers(object, top_contacts, layer_storage);
+    // Determine the bottom contact surfaces of the supports over the top surfaces of the object.
+    // Depending on whether the support is soluble or not, the contact layer thickness is decided.
+    MyLayersPtr bottom_contacts = this->bottom_contact_layers(object, top_contacts, layer_storage);
 
+    // Because the top and bottom contacts are thick slabs, they may overlap causing over extrusion 
+    // and unwanted strong bonds to the object.
+    // Rather trim the top contacts by their overlapping bottom contacts to leave a gap instead of over extruding.
     this->trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts);
 
-    // We now know the upper and lower boundaries for our support material object
-    // (@$contact_z and @$top_z), so we can generate intermediate layers.
-    LayersSet support_layers = this->support_layers(object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, layer_storage, max_object_layer_height);
+    // Generate intermediate layers between the top / bottom support contact layers,
+    // trimmed by the object.
+    // The layers may or may not be synchronized with the object layers, depending on the configuration.
+    // For example, a single nozzle multi material printing will need to generate a waste tower, which in turn
+    // wastes less material, if there are as little layers as possible, therefore minimizing the material swaps.
+    MyLayersPtr intermediate_layers = this->raft_and_intermediate_support_layers(
+        object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, layer_storage, max_object_layer_height);
 
+/*
     // If we wanted to apply some special logic to the first support layers lying on
     // object's top surfaces this is the place to detect them
     LayersSet shape;
-    if (this->object_config->support_material_pattern.value == smpPillars)
+    if (m_objectconfig->support_material_pattern.value == smpPillars)
         shape = this->generate_pillars_shape(contact, support_z);
+*/
 
-    // Propagate contact layers downwards to generate interface layers
-    LayersSet interface = this->generate_top_interface_layers(support_z, contact, top);
-    this->clip_with_object(interface, support_z, object);
-    if (! shape.empty())
+    // Propagate top / bottom contact layers to generate interface layers.
+    MyLayersPtr interface_layers = this->generate_interface_layers(
+        object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, intermediate_layers, layer_storage);
+
+/*
+    // Clip with the pillars.
+    if (! shape.empty()) {
         this->clip_with_shape(interface, shape);
-
-    // Propagate contact layers and interface layers downwards to generate
-    // the main support layers.
-    LayersSet base = this->generate_base_layers(object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, intermediate_layers, layer_storage);
-    if (! shape.empty())
         this->clip_with_shape(base, shape);
+    }
+*/
 
-    // Install support layers into object.
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < support_z.size(); ++ i) {
-        object->add_support_layer(
-            i, // id
-            (i == 0) ? support_z[i] : (support_z[i] - support_z[i-1]), // height
-            support_z[i] // print_z
-        );
-        if (i > 0) {
-            SupportLayer *sl1 = object->get_support_layer[object->support_layer_count()-2];
-            SupportLayer *sl2 = object->get_support_layer[object->support_layer_count()-1];
-            sl1->set_upper_layer(sl2);
-            sl2->set_lower_layer(sl1);
+    // Install support layers into the object.
+    MyLayersPtr layers_sorted;
+    layers_sorted.reserve(bottom_contacts.size() + top_contacts.size() + intermediate_layers.size() + interface_layers.size());
+    layers_append(layers_sorted, bottom_contacts);
+    layers_append(layers_sorted, top_contacts);
+    layers_append(layers_sorted, intermediate_layers);
+    layers_append(layers_sorted, interface_layers);
+    std::sort(layers_sorted.begin(), layers_sorted.end());
+
+    int layer_id = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < int(layers_sorted.size());) {
+        // Find the last layer with the same print_z, find the minimum layer height of all.
+        int j = i + 1;
+        coordf_t height_min = layers_sorted[i]->height;
+        for (; j < layers_sorted.size() && layers_sorted[i]->print_z == layers_sorted[j]->print_z; ++ j) 
+            height_min = std::min(height_min, layers_sorted[j]->height);
+        object.add_support_layer(layer_id, height_min, layers_sorted[i]->print_z);
+        if (layer_id > 0) {
+            SupportLayer *sl1 = object.support_layers[object.support_layer_count()-2];
+            SupportLayer *sl2 = object.support_layers.back();
+            sl1->upper_layer = sl2;
+            sl2->lower_layer = sl1;
         }
+        i = j;
+        ++ layer_id;
     }
     
     // Generate the actual toolpaths and save them into each layer.
-    this->generate_toolpaths(object, overhang, contact, interface, base);
+    this->generate_toolpaths(object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, intermediate_layers, interface_layers);
 }
 
 void collect_region_slices_by_type(const Layer &layer, SurfaceType surface_type, Polygons &out)
@@ -122,38 +163,7 @@ void collect_region_slices_by_type(const Layer &layer, SurfaceType surface_type,
 Polygons collect_region_slices_by_type(const Layer &layer, SurfaceType surface_type)
 {
     Polygons out;
-    collect_regon_slices_by_type(layer, surface_type, out);
-    return out;
-}
-
-void collect_region_slices_all(const Layer &layer, Polygons &out)
-{
-    // 1) Count the new polygons first.
-    size_t n_polygons_new = 0;
-    for (LayerRegionPtrs::const_iterator it_region = layer.regions.begin(); it_region != layer.regions.end(); ++ it_region) {
-        const LayerRegion       &region = *(*it_region);
-        const SurfaceCollection &slices = region.slices;
-        for (Surfaces::const_iterator it = slices.surfaces.begin(); it != slices.surfaces.end(); ++ it)
-            n_polygons_new += it->expolygon.holes.size() + 1;
-    }
-
-    // 2) Collect the new polygons.
-    out.reserve(out.size() + n_polygons_new);
-    for (LayerRegionPtrs::const_iterator it_region = layer.regions.begin(); it_region != layer.regions.end(); ++ it_region) {
-        const LayerRegion       &region = *(*it_region);
-        const SurfaceCollection &slices = region.slices;
-        for (Surfaces::const_iterator it = slices.surfaces.begin(); it != slices.surfaces.end(); ++ it) {
-            const Surface &surface = *it;
-            out.push_back(surface.expolygon.contour);
-            out.insert(out.end(), surface.expolygon.holes.begin(), surface.expolygon.holes.end());
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-Polygons collect_region_slices_all(const Layer &layer)
-{
-    Polygons out;
-    collect_region_slices_all(layer, out);
+    collect_region_slices_by_type(layer, surface_type, out);
     return out;
 }
 
@@ -184,72 +194,40 @@ Polygons collect_region_slices_outer(const Layer &layer)
     return out;
 }
 
-void collect_layer_slices_all(const Layer &layer, Polygons &out)
-{
-    // 1) Count the new polygons first.
-    size_t n_polygons_new = 0;
-    const SurfaceCollection &slices = region.slices;
-    for (Surfaces::const_iterator it = slices.surfaces.begin(); it != slices.surfaces.end(); ++ it)
-        n_polygons_new += it->expolygon.holes.size() + 1;
-
-    // 2) Collect the new polygons.
-    for (Surfaces::const_iterator it = slices.surfaces.begin(); it != slices.surfaces.end(); ++ it) {
-        const Surface &surface = *it;
-        out.push_back(surface.expolygon.contour);
-        out.insert(out.end(), surface.expolygon.holes.begin(), surface.expolygon.holes.end());
-    }
-}
-
-Polygons collect_layer_slices_all(const Layer &layer)
-{
-    Polygons out;
-    collect_layer_slices_all(layer, out);
-    return out;
-}
-
-PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const PrintObject &object, std::deque<Layer> &layer_storage) const
+// Find the top contact surfaces of the support or the raft.
+PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const PrintObject &object, MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const
 {
     // Output layers, sorte by top Z.
-    LayersPtr contact_out;
+    MyLayersPtr contact_out;
 
-    // if user specified a custom angle threshold, convert it to radians
+    // If user specified a custom angle threshold, convert it to radians.
     double threshold_rad = 0.;
-    if (this->object_config->support_material_threshold > 0) {
-        threshold_rad = M_PI * double(this->object_config->support_material_threshold + 1) / 180.; // +1 makes the threshold inclusive
+    if (m_object_config->support_material_threshold > 0) {
+        threshold_rad = M_PI * double(m_object_config->support_material_threshold + 1) / 180.; // +1 makes the threshold inclusive
         // Slic3r::debugf "Threshold angle = %d°\n", rad2deg($threshold_rad);
     }
     
     // Build support on a build plate only? If so, then collect top surfaces into $buildplate_only_top_surfaces
     // and subtract $buildplate_only_top_surfaces from the contact surfaces, so
     // there is no contact surface supported by a top surface.
-    bool buildplate_only = this->object_config->support_material && this->object_config->support_material_buildplate_only;
+    bool buildplate_only = m_object_config->support_material && m_object_config->support_material_buildplate_only;
     Polygons buildplate_only_top_surfaces;
 
-/*
-    Layer *first_object_layer = object.get_layer(this->object_config->raft_layers);
-    if (first_object_layer == NULL)
-        // Nothing to print, nothing to support.
-        return contact_out;
-
-    // If printing over raft, make sure the bottom of the contact surfaces are above the raft.
-    coordf_t raft_top = (this->object_config->raft_layers > 0) ? (first_object_layer->print_z - first_object_layer->height) : 0.;
-*/
-
-    // determine contact areas
-    for (size_t layer_id = 0; layer_id < object->layer_count(); ++ layer_id) {
+    // Determine top contact areas.
+    for (size_t layer_id = 0; layer_id < object.layer_count(); ++ layer_id) {
         // Note that layer_id < layer->id when raft_layers > 0 as the layer->id incorporates the raft layers.
         // So layer_id == 0 means first object layer and layer->id == 0 means first print layer if there are no explicit raft layers.
         if (m_object_config->raft_layers == 0) {
             if (layer_id == 0)
                 // No raft, 1st object layer cannot be supported by a support contact layer.
                 continue;
-        } else if (! this->object_config->support_material) {
+        } else if (! m_object_config->support_material) {
             // If we are only going to generate raft. Just check the 'overhangs' of the first object layer.
             if (layer_id > 0)
                 break;
         }
 
-        const Layer &layer = *object->get_layer(layer_id);
+        const Layer &layer = *object.get_layer(layer_id);
 
         if (buildplate_only) {
             // Collect the top surfaces up to this layer and merge them.
@@ -266,86 +244,78 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
             }
         }
 
-        // detect overhangs and contact areas needed to support them
+        // Detect overhangs and contact areas needed to support them.
         Polygons overhang_polygons;
         Polygons contact_polygons;
         if (layer_id == 0) {
-            // this is the first object layer, so we're here just to get the object
-            // footprint for the raft
-            // we only consider contours and discard holes to get a more continuous raft
+            // This is the first object layer, so we're here just to get the object footprint for the raft.
+            // We only consider contours and discard holes to get a more continuous raft.
             overhang_polygons = collect_region_slices_outer(layer);
             // Extend by SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN, which is 1.5mm
-            contact_polygons = offset_(overhang_polygons, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN));
+            contact_polygons = offset(overhang_polygons, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN));
         } else {
-            const Layer &lower_layer = *object->get_layer(layer_id-1);
+            // Generate overhang/contact_polygons for non-raft layers.
+            const Layer &lower_layer = *object.get_layer(int(layer_id)-1);
             for (LayerRegionPtrs::const_iterator it_layerm = layer.regions.begin(); it_layerm != layer.regions.end(); ++ it_layerm) {
                 const LayerRegion &layerm = *(*it_layerm);
                 // Extrusion width accounts for the roundings of the extrudates.
                 // It is the maximum widh of the extrudate.
-                coord_t fw = layerm.flow(FLOW_ROLE_EXTERNAL_PERIMETER).scaled_width;
+                coord_t fw = layerm.flow(frExternalPerimeter).scaled_width();
+                coordf_t lower_layer_offset = 
+                    (layer_id < m_object_config->support_material_enforce_layers) ? 
+                        // Enforce a full possible support, ignore the overhang angle.
+                        0 :
+                    (threshold_rad > 0. ? 
+                        // Overhang defined by an angle.
+                        scale_(lower_layer.height * cos(threshold_rad) / sin(threshold_rad)) :
+                        // Overhang defined by half the extrusion width.
+                        0.5 * fw);
                 Polygons diff_polygons;
-            
-                // If a threshold angle was specified, use a different logic for detecting overhangs.
-                if (threshold_rad > 0.
-                    || layer_id < this->object_config->support_material_enforce_layers
-                    || (this->object_config->raft_layers > 0 && layer_id == 0)) {
-                    coordf_t d = (threshold_rad > 0.)
-                        ? scale_(lower_layer.height * cos(threshold_rad) / sin(threshold_rad))
-                        : 0.;
-                
-                    // Shrinking the supported layer by layer_height/atan(threshold_rad).
-                    diff_polygons = diff(
-                        offset_((Polygons)layerm.slices, -d),
-                        (Polygons)lower_layer->slices);
-                
-                    // only enforce spacing from the object ($fw/2) if the threshold angle
-                    // is not too high: in that case, $d will be very small (as we need to catch
-                    // very short overhangs), and such contact area would be eaten by the
-                    // enforced spacing, resulting in high threshold angles to be almost ignored
-                    if (d > 0.5*fw)
-                        diff_polygons = diff(
-                            offset(diff_polygons, d - 0.5*fw),
-                            (Polygons)lower_layer.slices);
-                } else {
-                    // Automatic overhang detection.
+                if (lower_layer_offset == 0.) {
                     diff_polygons = diff(
                         (Polygons)layerm.slices,
-                        offset((Polygons)lower_layer.slices, 0.5*fw));
-                    
-                    // collapse very tiny spots
+                        (Polygons)lower_layer.slices);                    
+                } else {
+                    // Get the regions needing a suport.
+                    diff_polygons = diff(
+                        (Polygons)layerm.slices,
+                        offset((Polygons)lower_layer.slices, lower_layer_offset));
+                    // Collapse very tiny spots.
                     diff_polygons = offset2(diff_polygons, -0.1*fw, +0.1*fw);
-
-                    // $diff now contains the ring or stripe comprised between the boundary of 
-                    // lower slices and the centerline of the last perimeter in this overhanging layer.
-                    // Void $diff means that there's no upper perimeter whose centerline is
-                    // outside the lower slice boundary, thus no overhang
+                    if (diff_polygons.empty())
+                        continue;
+                    // Offset the support regions back to a full overhang, restrict them to the full overhang.
+                    diff_polygons = intersection(offset(diff_polygons, lower_layer_offset), (Polygons)layerm.slices);
                 }
-                
-                if (this->object_config->dont_support_bridges) {
+                if (diff_polygons.empty())
+                    continue;
+
+                if (m_object_config->dont_support_bridges) {
                     // compute the area of bridging perimeters
                     // Note: this is duplicate code from GCode.pm, we need to refactor
                     
                     Polygons bridged_perimeters;
                     {
-                        Flow bridge_flow = layerm.flow(FLOW_ROLE_PERIMETER, true);
+                        Flow bridge_flow = layerm.flow(frPerimeter, true);
                         
-                        coordf_t nozzle_diameter = this->print_config->get_at('nozzle_diameter', layerm.region->config->perimeter_extruder-1);
+                        coordf_t nozzle_diameter = m_print_config->nozzle_diameter.get_at(
+                            layerm.region()->config.perimeter_extruder-1);
                         Polygons lower_grown_slices = offset((Polygons)lower_layer.slices, +scale_(0.5*nozzle_diameter));
                         
                         // TODO: split_at_first_point() could split a bridge mid-way
                         Polylines overhang_perimeters;
                         for (size_t i = 0; i < layerm.perimeters.entities.size(); ++ i) {
                             ExtrusionEntity *entity = layerm.perimeters.entities[i];
-                            ExtrusionLoop *loop = dynamic_cast<const Slic3r::ExtrusionLoop*>(entity);
+                            ExtrusionLoop *loop = dynamic_cast<Slic3r::ExtrusionLoop*>(entity);
                             overhang_perimeters.push_back(loop ? 
-                                loop->polygon->split_at_first_point() :
-                                dynamic_cast<const Slic3r::ExtrusionPath*>(entity)->path);
+                                loop->as_polyline() :
+                                dynamic_cast<const Slic3r::ExtrusionPath*>(entity)->polyline);
                         }
                         
                         // workaround for Clipper bug, see Slic3r::Polygon::clip_as_polyline()
                         for (Polylines::iterator it = overhang_perimeters.begin(); it != overhang_perimeters.end(); ++ it)
-                            (*it)[0].x += 1;
-                        overhang_perimeters = diff(overhang_perimeters, lower_grown_slices);
+                            it->points[0].x += 1;
+                        diff(overhang_perimeters, lower_grown_slices, &overhang_perimeters);
                         
                         // only consider straight overhangs
                         // only consider overhangs having endpoints inside layer's slices
@@ -353,17 +323,21 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
                         // since we're dealing with bridges, we can't assume width is larger than spacing,
                         // so we take the largest value and also apply safety offset to be ensure no gaps
                         // are left in between
-                        coordf_t w = std::max(bridge_flow.scaled_width, bridge_flow.scaled_spacing);
+                        coordf_t w = std::max(bridge_flow.scaled_width(), bridge_flow.scaled_spacing());
                         for (Polylines::iterator it = overhang_perimeters.begin(); it != overhang_perimeters.end(); ++ it) {
                             if (it->is_straight()) {
-                                it->extend_start($fw);
-                                it->extend_end($fw);
-                                if (layer.slices.contains(it->find_point()) && layer.slices.contains_point(it->last_point()))
+                                it->extend_start(fw);
+                                it->extend_end(fw);
+                                if (layer.slices.contains(it->first_point()) && layer.slices.contains(it->last_point())) {
                                     // Offset a polyline into a polygon.
-                                    bridged_perimeters.push_back(offset(*it, 0.5 * w + 10.));
+                                    Polylines tmp; tmp.push_back(*it);
+                                    Polygons out;
+                                    offset(tmp, &out, 0.5 * w + 10.);
+                                    polygons_append(bridged_perimeters, out);
+                                }
                             }
                         }
-                        bridged_perimeters = union(bridged_perimeters);
+                        bridged_perimeters = union_(bridged_perimeters);
                     }
                     
                     if (1) {
@@ -374,17 +348,27 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
                                 bridges.push_back(it->expolygon.contour);
                                 bridges.insert(bridges.end(), it->expolygon.holes.begin(), it->expolygon.holes.end());
                             }
+                        }
                             
                         bridged_perimeters.insert(bridged_perimeters.end(), bridges.begin(), bridges.end());
                         diff_polygons = diff(diff_polygons, bridged_perimeters, true);
-                        
-                        Polygons bridge_anchors = intersection(offset(polylines, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN)), bridges);
-                        diff_polygons.insert(diff_polygons.end(), bridge_anchors.begin(), bridge_anchors.end());
+
+                        Polygons unsupported_bridge_polygons;                        
+                        for (Polylines::const_iterator it = layerm.unsupported_bridge_edges.polylines.begin(); 
+                            it != layerm.unsupported_bridge_edges.polylines.end(); ++ it) {
+                            // Offset a polyline into a polygon.
+                            Polylines tmp; tmp.push_back(*it);
+                            Polygons out;
+                            offset(tmp, &out, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN));
+                            polygons_append(unsupported_bridge_polygons, out);
+                        }
+                        Polygons bridge_anchors = intersection(unsupported_bridge_polygons, bridges);
+                        polygons_append(diff_polygons, bridge_anchors);
                     } else {
                         // just remove bridged areas
                         diff_polygons = diff(diff_polygons, layerm.bridged, true);
                     }
-                } // if (this->object_config->dont_support_bridges)
+                } // if (m_objconfig->dont_support_bridges)
 
                 if (buildplate_only) {
                     // Don't support overhangs above the top surfaces.
@@ -394,45 +378,44 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
 
                 if (diff_polygons.empty())
                     continue;
-                // NOTE: this is not the full overhang as it misses the outermost half of the perimeter width!
-                //FIXME Vojtech: Is the preceding comment true?
-                overhang.polygons.insert(overhang.polygons.end(), diff_polygons.begin(), diff_polygons.end());
+
+                polygons_append(overhang_polygons, diff_polygons);
 
                 // Let's define the required contact area by using a max gap of half the upper 
                 // extrusion width and extending the area according to the configured margin.
                 // We increment the area in steps because we don't want our support to overflow
                 // on the other side of the object (if it's very thin).
                 {
-                    Polygons slices_margin = offset((Polygons)lower_layer.slices, 0.5*fw);
+                    Polygons slices_margin = offset((Polygons)lower_layer.slices, float(0.5*fw));
                     if (buildplate_only) {
                         // Trim the inflated contact surfaces by the top surfaces as well.
-                        slices_margin.insert(slices_margin.end(), buildplate_only_top_surfaces);
+                        polygons_append(slices_margin, buildplate_only_top_surfaces);
                         slices_margin = union_(slices_margin);
                     }
-                    for (size_t i = 0; i <= MARGIN_STEPS; ++ i) {
+                    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_MARGIN_STEPS; ++ i) {
                         diff_polygons = diff(
                             offset(
-                                diff_polygons, 
-                                (i == 0) ? (0.5 * fw) : (SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN / MARGIN_STEPS),
+                                diff_polygons,
+                                SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN / NUM_MARGIN_STEPS,
                                 CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE,
                                 ClipperLib::jtRound,
+                                // round mitter limit
                                 scale_(0.05) * CLIPPER_OFFSET_SCALE),
                             slices_margin);
                     }
                 }
-                contact.polygons.insert(contact.polygons.end(), diff_polygons.begin(), diff_polygons.end());
-            }
-        }
+                polygons_append(contact_polygons, diff_polygons);
+            } // for each layer.region
+        } // end of Generate overhang/contact_polygons for non-raft layers.
         
         // now apply the contact areas to the layer were they need to be made
-        if (! contact.polygons.empty()) {
+        if (! contact_polygons.empty()) {
             // get the average nozzle diameter used on this layer
-            Layer &new_layer = layer_allocate(layer_storage);
-            new_layer.layer_type = sltTopContact;
+            MyLayer &new_layer = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltTopContact);
             new_layer.idx_object_layer_above = layer_id;
             if (m_soluble_interface) {
                 // Align the contact surface height with a layer immediately below the supported layer.
-                new_layer.print_z = layer.print_z - layer.heigh;
+                new_layer.print_z = new_layer.print_z - new_layer.height;
                 new_layer.height = (layer_id > 0) ? 
                     // Interface layer will be synchronized with the object.
                     object.get_layer(layer_id - 1)->height : 
@@ -448,14 +431,14 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
                 coordf_t nozzle_dmr = 0.;
                 size_t   n_nozzle_dmrs = 0;
                 for (LayerRegionPtrs::const_iterator it_region_ptr = layer.regions.begin(); it_region_ptr != layer.regions.end(); ++ it_region_ptr) {
-                    const PrintRegion &region = (*it_region_ptr)->region;
-                    nozzle_dmr += m_print_config->get_at('nozzle_diameter', region.config->perimeter_extruder-1);
-                    nozzle_dmr += m_print_config->get_at('nozzle_diameter', region.config->infill_extruder-1);
-                    nozzle_dmr += m_print_config->get_at('nozzle_diameter', region.config->solid_infill_extruder-1);
+                    const PrintRegion &region = *(*it_region_ptr)->region();
+                    nozzle_dmr += m_print_config->nozzle_diameter.get_at(region.config.perimeter_extruder-1);
+                    nozzle_dmr += m_print_config->nozzle_diameter.get_at(region.config.infill_extruder-1);
+                    nozzle_dmr += m_print_config->nozzle_diameter.get_at(region.config.solid_infill_extruder-1);
                     n_nozzle_dmrs += 3;
                 }
                 nozzle_dmr /= n_nozzle_dmrs;
-                new_layer.print_z = layer.print_z - nozzle_dmr - $self->object_config->support_material_contact_distance;
+                new_layer.print_z = layer.print_z - nozzle_dmr - m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance;
                 // Don't know the height of the top contact layer yet. The top contact layer is printed with a normal flow and 
                 // its height will be set adaptively later on.
                 new_layer.height = 0.;
@@ -466,13 +449,13 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
             // Don't want to print a layer below the first layer height as it may not stick well.
             //FIXME there may be a need for a single layer support, then one may decide to print it either as a bottom contact or a top contact
             // and it may actually make sense to do it with a thinner layer than the first layer height.
-            if (new_layer.print_z < this->object_config->get_value('first_layer_height') - EPSILON)
+            if (new_layer.print_z < m_object_config->first_layer_height + EPSILON)
                 continue;
-            
+
             new_layer.polygons.swap(contact_polygons);
             new_layer.aux_polygons = new Polygons();
             new_layer.aux_polygons->swap(overhang_polygons);
-            contact_out.push_back(new_layer);
+            contact_out.push_back(&new_layer);
 
             if (0) {
                 // Slic3r::SVG::output("out\\contact_" . $contact_z . ".svg",
@@ -487,25 +470,15 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(const P
     return contact_out;
 }
 
-/*
-static inline LayersPtr sort_layers(LayersSet &layers)
-{
-    LayersPtr sorted;
-    for (LayersSet::const_iterator it = layers.begin(); it != layers.end(); ++ it)
-        sorted.push_back(const_cast<Layer*>(&(*it)));
-    std::sort(sorted.begin(), sorted.end());
-    return sorted;
-}
-*/
-
-void PrintSupportMaterial::bottom_contact_layers(const PrintObject &object, LayersDeque &top_contacts) const
+PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::bottom_contact_layers(
+    const PrintObject &object, const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts, MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const
 {
     // find object top surfaces
     // we'll use them to clip our support and detect where does it stick
-    LayersPtr bottom_contact_layers;
-    if (! self->object_config->support_material_buildplate_only && ! layers.empty())
+    MyLayersPtr bottom_contacts;
+    if (! m_object_config->support_material_buildplate_only && ! top_contacts.empty())
     {
-        // Sum of unsupported contact areas above the current $layer->print_z.
+        // Sum of unsupported contact areas above the current layer.print_z.
         Polygons  projection;
         // Last top contact layer visited when collecting the projection of contact areas.
         int       contact_idx = int(top_contacts.size()) - 1;
@@ -514,61 +487,58 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::bottom_contact_layers(const PrintObject &object, Laye
             Polygons top = collect_region_slices_by_type(layer, stTop);
             if (top.empty())
                 continue;
-            // compute projection of the contact areas above this top layer
-            // first add all the 'new' contact areas to the current projection
-            // ('new' means all the areas that are lower than the last top layer
-            // we considered)
-            // use <= instead of just < because otherwise we'd ignore any contact regions
-            // having the same Z of top layers
-            while (contact_idx >= 0 && top_contacts[contact_idx]->print_z > layer.print_z) {
-                projection.insert(projection.back(), top_contacts[contact_idx]->polygons.begin(), top_contacts[contact_idx]->polygons.end());
-            // Now find whether any projection of the contact surfaces above $layer->print_z not yet supported by any top surfaces above $layer->z falls onto this top surface. 
-            // $touching are the contact surfaces supported exclusively by this @top surfaaces.
+            // Collect projections of all contact areas above or at the same level as this top surface.
+            for (; contact_idx >= 0 && top_contacts[contact_idx]->print_z >= layer.print_z; -- contact_idx)
+                polygons_append(projection, top_contacts[contact_idx]->polygons);
+            // Now find whether any projection of the contact surfaces above layer.print_z not yet supported by any 
+            // top surfaces above layer.print_z falls onto this top surface. 
+            // touching are the contact surfaces supported exclusively by this top surfaaces.
             Polygons touching = intersection(projection, top);
             if (touching.empty())
                 continue;
             // Allocate a new bottom contact layer.
-            Layer &layer_new = layer_allocate(top_contacts);
-            bottom_contact_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
-            layer_new.layer_type = sltBottomContact;
-            // grow top surfaces so that interface and support generation are generated
+            MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltBottomContact);
+            bottom_contacts.push_back(&layer_new);
+            // Grow top surfaces so that interface and support generation are generated
             // with some spacing from object - it looks we don't need the actual
             // top shapes so this can be done here
-            support_layer.height  = m_soluble_interface ? 
+            layer_new.height  = m_soluble_interface ? 
                 // Align the interface layer with the object's layer height.
-                object->get_layer(layer_id + 1)->height :
+                object.get_layer(layer_id + 1)->height :
                 // Place a bridge flow interface layer over the top surface.
-                m_interface_flow->nozzle_diameter;
-            layer_new.print_z = layer.print_z + support_layer.height + m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance;
-            new_layer.bottom_z = layer.print_z;
+                m_interface_flow.nozzle_diameter;
+            layer_new.print_z = layer.print_z + layer_new.height + 
+                (m_soluble_interface ? 0 : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance);
+            layer_new.bottom_z = layer.print_z;
             layer_new.idx_object_layer_below = layer_id;
-            layer_new.bridging = true;
-            Polygons poly_new = offset(touching, m_flow.scaled_width);
+            layer_new.bridging = ! m_soluble_interface;
+            Polygons poly_new = offset(touching, float(m_flow.scaled_width()));
             layer_new.polygons.swap(poly_new);
             // Remove the areas that touched from the projection that will continue on next, lower, top surfaces.
             projection = diff(projection, touching);
         }
     }
-    return bottom_contact_layers;
+    return bottom_contacts;
 }
 
 // Trim the top_contacts layers with the bottom_contacts layers if they overlap, so there would not be enough vertical space for both of them.
-void PrintSupportMaterial::trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(const PrintObject &object, const LayersPtr &bottom_contacts, const LayersPtr &top_contacts)
+void PrintSupportMaterial::trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(
+    const PrintObject &object, const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts, MyLayersPtr &top_contacts) const
 {
     size_t idx_top_first = 0;
     coordf_t min_layer_height = 0.05;
     // For all bottom contact layers:
     for (size_t idx_bottom = 0; idx_bottom < bottom_contacts.size() && idx_top_first < top_contacts.size(); ++ idx_bottom) {
-        const Layer &layer_bottom = *bottom_contacts[idx_bottom];
+        const MyLayer &layer_bottom = *bottom_contacts[idx_bottom];
         // Find the first top layer overlapping with layer_bottom.
-        while (idx_top_first < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_top]->print_z <= layer_bottom.bottom_z)
+        while (idx_top_first < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_top_first]->print_z <= layer_bottom.print_z - layer_bottom.height)
             ++ idx_top_first;
         // For all top contact layers overlapping with the thick bottom contact layer:
         for (size_t idx_top = idx_top_first; idx_top < top_contacts.size(); ++ idx_top) {
-            Layer &layer_top = *top_contacts[idx_top];
+            MyLayer &layer_top = *top_contacts[idx_top];
             coordf_t interface_z = m_soluble_interface ? 
                 (layer_top.bottom_z + EPSILON) :
-                (layer_top.bottom - min_layer_height);
+                (layer_top.bottom_z - min_layer_height);
             if (interface_z < layer_bottom.print_z) {
                 // Layers overlap. Trim layer_top with layer_bottom.
                 layer_top.polygons = diff(layer_top.polygons, layer_bottom.polygons);
@@ -578,85 +548,13 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(const PrintObjec
     }
 }
 
-PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::raft_and_intermediate_support_layers(
+PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::raft_and_intermediate_support_layers(
     const PrintObject   &object,
-    const LayersPtr     &bottom_contacts,
-    const LayersPtr     &top_contacts,
-    std::deque<Layer>   &layer_storage,
-    const coordf_t       max_object_layer_height);
+    const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
+    const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
+    MyLayerStorage      &layer_storage,
+    const coordf_t       max_object_layer_height) const
 {
-    // determine layer height for any non-contact layer
-    // we use max() to prevent many ultra-thin layers to be inserted in case
-    // layer_height > nozzle_diameter * 0.75
-    
-    //my $nozzle_diameter = $self->print_config->get_at('nozzle_diameter', $self->object_config->support_material_extruder-1);
-    //my $support_material_height = max($max_object_layer_height, $nozzle_diameter * 0.75);
-    //my $contact_distance = $self->contact_distance($support_material_height, $nozzle_diameter);
-
-    // Collect all known layers here:
-    // bottom interface layers, newly created intermediate layers, top interface layers, raft layers.
-    LayersPtr support_layers;
-    
-    coordf_t first_layer_height = m_object_config->get_value('first_layer_height');
-
-    if (m_object_config->raft_layers == 0) {
-        // No raft.
-    } else if (m_object_config->raft_layers == 1) {
-        // Only the raft interface layer.
-    } else {
-        assert(m_object_config->raft_layers > 1);
-        // Generate the 
-    }
-    while (z.front()->print_z < first_layer_height - EPSILON)
-        z.erase(z.begin());
-    if (z.empty())
-        return z;
-
-    if (z.front()->print_z > first_layer_height + EPSILON) {
-        Layer support_layer;
-        support_layer.layer_type = stlFirstLayer;
-        support_layer.print_z    = first_layer_height;
-        support_layer.height     = first_layer_height;
-        LayersSet::const_iterator it = other.insert(support_layer);
-        z.insert(z.begin(), support_layer);
-    }
-
-    // Add raft layers by dividing the space between first layer and first contact layer evenly.
-    if (m_object_config->raft_layers > 1 && z.size() > 1) {
-        // z[1] is last raft layer (contact layer for the first layer object)
-        coordf_t height = (z[1].print_z - z[0].print_z) / (m_object_config->raft_layers - 1);
-        // Since we already have two raft layers ($z[0] and $z[1]) we need to insert raft_layers-2 more.
-        z.insert(z.begin() + 1, m_object_config - 2, NULL);
-        for (size_t i = 1; i < m_object_config->raft_layers; ++ i) {
-            Layer support_layer;
-            support_layer.layer_type = stlRaft;
-            support_layer.print_z    = z.front()->print_z + height * i;
-            support_layer.height     = height;
-            LayersSet::const_iterator it = other.insert(support_layer);
-            z.insert(z.begin(), support_layer);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // create other layers (skip raft layers as they're already done and use thicker layers)
-    for (int i = int(z.size()); i >= m_object_config->raft_layers; -- i) {
-        coordf_t target_height = support_material_height;
-        if (i > 0 && $top{ $z[$i-1] }) {
-            // Bridge flow?
-            //FIXME We want to enforce not only the bridge flow height, but also the interface gap!
-            // This will introduce an additional layer if the gap is set to an extreme value!
-            $target_height = $nozzle_diameter;
-        }
-        
-        // enforce first layer height
-        //FIXME better to split the layers regularly, than to bite a constant height one at a time, 
-        // and then be left with a very thin layer at the end.
-        if ((i == 0 && z[i] > target_height + first_layer_height)
-            || (z[i] - z[i-1] > target_height + EPSILON)) {
-            splice @z, $i, 0, ($z[$i] - $target_height);
-            $i++;
-        }
-    }
-
     // Collect and sort the extremes (bottoms of the top contacts and tops of the bottom contacts).
     std::vector<LayerExtreme> extremes;
     extremes.reserve(top_contacts.size() + bottom_contacts.size());
@@ -667,94 +565,95 @@ PrintSupportMaterial::LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::raft_and_intermediate_supp
     std::sort(extremes.begin(), extremes.end());
 
     // Generate intermediate layers.
-    LayersPtr intermediate_layers;
-    coordf_t max_support_layer_height;
+    MyLayersPtr intermediate_layers;
     for (size_t idx_extreme = 0; idx_extreme + 1 < extremes.size(); ++ idx_extreme) {
         LayerExtreme &extr1 = extremes[idx_extreme];
         LayerExtreme &extr2 = extremes[idx_extreme+1];
         coordf_t dist = extr2.z() - extr1.z();
         assert(dist > 0.);
         // Insert intermediate layers.
-        size_t n_layers_extra = size_t(ceil(dist / max_support_layer_height));
+        size_t n_layers_extra = size_t(ceil(dist / m_support_layer_height_max));
         coordf_t step = dist / coordf_t(n_layers_extra);
-        if (! m_soluble_interface && extr2.layer->layer_type == stlTop) {
+        if (! m_soluble_interface && extr2.layer->layer_type == sltTopContact) {
             // This is a top interface layer, which does not have a height assigned yet. Do it now.
+            if (m_synchronize_support_layers_with_object) {
+                // Find the 
+            }
             extr2.layer->height = step;
-            extr2.layer->bottom_z = extr2.layer->top_z - step;
+            extr2.layer->bottom_z = extr2.layer->print_z - step;
             -- n_layers_extra;
         }
         for (size_t i = 0; i < n_layers_extra; ++ i) {
-            Layer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage);
-            layer_new.layer_type = sltIntermediate;
+            MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, stlIntermediate);
             layer_new.height     = step;
             layer_new.bottom_z   = extr1.z() + i * step;
-            layer_new.top_z      = layer_new.bottom_z + step;
+            layer_new.print_z    = layer_new.bottom_z + step;
             intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
         }
     }
 
-    return support_layers;
-}
-
-inline void polygons_append(Polygons &dst, const Polygons &src)
-{
-    dst.insert(dst.end(), src.begin(), src.end());
+    return intermediate_layers;
 }
 
 // At this stage there shall be intermediate_layers allocated between bottom_contacts and top_contacts, but they have no polygons assigned.
-// Also the bottom/top_contacts shall have a thickness assigned.
+// Also the bottom/top_contacts shall have a thickness assigned already.
 void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers(
     const PrintObject   &object,
-    const LayersPtr     &bottom_contacts,
-    const LayersPtr     &top_contacts,
-    LayersPtr           &intermediate_layers)
+    const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
+    const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
+    MyLayersPtr         &intermediate_layers) const
 {
     if (top_contacts.empty())
         // No top contacts -> no intermediate layers will be produced.
         return;
 
     // coordf_t fillet_radius_scaled = scale_(m_object_config->support_material_spacing);
+    //FIXME make configurable:
+    coordf_t overlap_extra_above = 0.2;
+    coordf_t overlap_extra_below = 0.2;
 
     int idx_top_contact_above = int(top_contacts.size()) - 1;
     int idx_top_contact_overlapping = int(top_contacts.size()) - 1;
     int idx_bottom_contact_overlapping = int(bottom_contacts.size()) - 1;
     for (int idx_intermediate = int(intermediate_layers.size()) - 1; idx_intermediate >= 0; -- idx_intermediate)
     {
-        Layer &layer_intermediate = intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate];
+        MyLayer &layer_intermediate = *intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate];
 
         // New polygons for layer_intermediate.
         Polygons polygons_new;
 
         // Find a top_contact layer touching the layer_intermediate from above, if any, and collect its polygons into polygons_new.
-        while (idx_top_contact_above >= 0 && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_above].bottom_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + EPSILON)
+        while (idx_top_contact_above >= 0 && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_above]->bottom_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + EPSILON)
             -- idx_top_contact_above;
-        if (idx_top_contact_above >= 0 && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_above].top_z > layer_intermediate.print_z)
-            polygons_append(polygons_new, top_contacts[idx_top_contact_above].polygons);
+        if (idx_top_contact_above >= 0 && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_above]->print_z > layer_intermediate.print_z)
+            polygons_append(polygons_new, top_contacts[idx_top_contact_above]->polygons);
 
         // Add polygons from the intermediate layer above.
         if (idx_intermediate + 1 < int(intermediate_layers.size()))
-            polygons_append(polygons_new, intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate+1].polygons);
+            polygons_append(polygons_new, intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate+1]->polygons);
 
         // Polygons to trim polygons_new.
         Polygons polygons_trimming;
 
         // Find the first top_contact layer intersecting with this layer.
-        while (idx_top_contact_overlapping >= 0 && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_overlapping].bottom_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + overlap_extra_above - EPSILON)
+        while (idx_top_contact_overlapping >= 0 && 
+               top_contacts[idx_top_contact_overlapping]->bottom_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + overlap_extra_above - EPSILON)
             -- idx_top_contact_overlapping;
         // Collect all the top_contact layer intersecting with this layer.
         for (int i = idx_top_contact_overlapping; i >= 0; -- i) {
-            Layer &layer_top_overlapping = top_contacts[idx_top_contact_overlapping];
+            MyLayer &layer_top_overlapping = *top_contacts[idx_top_contact_overlapping];
             if (layer_top_overlapping.print_z < layer_intermediate.bottom_z - overlap_extra_below)
                 break;
             polygons_append(polygons_trimming, layer_top_overlapping.polygons);
         }
 
         // Find the first bottom_contact layer intersecting with this layer.
-        while (idx_bottom_contact_overlapping >= 0 && bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact_overlapping].bottom_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + overlap_extra_above - EPSILON)
+        while (idx_bottom_contact_overlapping >= 0 && 
+            bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact_overlapping]->bottom_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + overlap_extra_above - EPSILON)
             -- idx_bottom_contact_overlapping;
         // Collect all the top_contact layer intersecting with this layer.
         for (int i = idx_bottom_contact_overlapping; i >= 0; -- i) {
-            Layer &layer_bottom_overlapping = bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact_overlapping];
+            MyLayer &layer_bottom_overlapping = *bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact_overlapping];
             if (layer_bottom_overlapping.print_z < layer_intermediate.print_z - layer_intermediate.height - overlap_extra_below)
                 break;
             polygons_append(polygons_trimming, layer_bottom_overlapping.polygons);
@@ -790,11 +689,11 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers(
     //FIXME This could be parallelized.
     const coordf_t gap_extra_above = 0.1f;
     const coordf_t gap_extra_below = 0.1f;
-    const coordf_t gap_xy_scaled = m_flow.scaled_width;
+    const coord_t  gap_xy_scaled = m_flow.scaled_width();
     size_t idx_object_layer_overlapping = 0;
     // For all intermediate layers:
-    for (LayersPtr::iterator it_layer = intermediate_layers.begin(); it_layer != intermediate_layers.end(); ++ it_layer) {
-        Layer &layer_intermediate = *(*it_layer);
+    for (MyLayersPtr::iterator it_layer = intermediate_layers.begin(); it_layer != intermediate_layers.end(); ++ it_layer) {
+        MyLayer &layer_intermediate = *(*it_layer);
         if (layer_intermediate.polygons.empty())
             continue;
         // Find the overlapping object layers including the extra above / below gap.
@@ -804,7 +703,7 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers(
         // Collect all the object layers intersecting with this layer.
         Polygons polygons_trimming;
         for (int i = idx_object_layer_overlapping; i < object.layer_count(); ++ i) {
-            Layer &object_layer = *object.get_layer(i);
+            const Layer &object_layer = *object.get_layer(i);
             if (object_layer.print_z > layer_intermediate.print_z + gap_extra_above - EPSILON)
                 break;
             polygons_append(polygons_trimming, (Polygons)object_layer.slices);
@@ -816,18 +715,17 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers(
         // We leave a gap equal to a full extrusion width.
         layer_intermediate.polygons = diff(
             layer_intermediate.polygons,
-            offset(polygons_trimming, gap_xy_scaled),
-        );
+            offset(polygons_trimming, gap_xy_scaled));
     }
 }
 
 // Convert some of the intermediate layers into top/bottom interface layers.
-LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
+PrintSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
     const PrintObject   &object,
-    const LayersPtr     &bottom_contacts,
-    const LayersPtr     &top_contacts,
-    LayersPtr           &intermediate_layers,
-    std::deque<Layer>   &layer_storage)
+    const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
+    const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
+    MyLayersPtr         &intermediate_layers,
+    MyLayerStorage      &layer_storage) const
 {
     // Old comment:
     // Compute interface area on this layer as diff of upper contact area
@@ -839,7 +737,7 @@ LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
 
 //    my $area_threshold = $self->interface_flow->scaled_spacing ** 2;
 
-    LayersPtr interface_layers;
+    MyLayersPtr interface_layers;
     // Contact layer is considered an interface layer, therefore run the following block only if support_material_interface_layers > 1.
     if (! intermediate_layers.empty() && m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers > 1) {
         // Index of the first top contact layer intersecting the current intermediate layer.
@@ -849,17 +747,17 @@ LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
         // For all intermediate layers, collect top contact surfaces, which are not further than support_material_interface_layers.
         //FIXME this could be parallelized.
         for (size_t idx_intermediate_layer = 0; idx_intermediate_layer < intermediate_layers.size(); ++ idx_intermediate_layer) {
-            Layer &intermediate_layer = intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate_layer];
+            MyLayer &intermediate_layer = *intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate_layer];
             // Top / bottom Z coordinate of a slab, over which we are collecting the top / bottom contact surfaces.
             coordf_t top_z    = intermediate_layers[std::min<int>(intermediate_layers.size()-1, idx_intermediate_layer + m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers - 1)]->print_z;
             coordf_t bottom_z = intermediate_layers[std::max<int>(0, int(idx_intermediate_layer) - int(m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers) + 1)]->bottom_z;
             // Move idx_top_contact_first up until above the current print_z.
-            while (idx_top_contact_first < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_first]->print_z < intermediate_layer->print_z)
+            while (idx_top_contact_first < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_top_contact_first]->print_z < intermediate_layer.print_z)
                 ++ idx_top_contact_first;
             // Collect the top contact areas above this intermediate layer, below top_z.
             Polygons polygons_top_contact_projected;
             for (size_t idx_top_contact = idx_top_contact_first; idx_top_contact < top_contacts.size(); ++ idx_top_contact) {
-                const Layer &top_contact_layer = top_contacts[idx_top_contact];
+                const MyLayer &top_contact_layer = *top_contacts[idx_top_contact];
                 if (top_contact_layer.bottom_z - EPSILON > top_z)
                     break;
                 polygons_append(polygons_top_contact_projected, top_contact_layer.polygons);
@@ -870,8 +768,8 @@ LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
             // Collect the top contact areas above this intermediate layer, below top_z.
             Polygons polygons_bottom_contact_projected;
             for (size_t idx_bottom_contact = idx_bottom_contact_first; idx_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts.size(); ++ idx_bottom_contact) {
-                const Layer &bottom_contact_layer = bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact];
-                if (bottom_contact_layer.top_z - EPSILON > intermediate_layer.bottom_z)
+                const MyLayer &bottom_contact_layer = *bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact];
+                if (bottom_contact_layer.print_z - EPSILON > intermediate_layer.bottom_z)
                     break;
                 polygons_append(polygons_bottom_contact_projected, bottom_contact_layer.polygons);
             }
@@ -880,20 +778,20 @@ LayersPtr PrintSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
                 continue;
 
             // Insert a new layer into top_interface_layers.
-            Layer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage);
-            layer_new.layer_type = polygons_top_contact_projected.empty() ? stlBottomInterface : sltTopInterface;
+            MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, 
+                polygons_top_contact_projected.empty() ? sltBottomInterface : sltTopInterface);
             layer_new.print_z    = intermediate_layer.print_z;
             layer_new.bottom_z   = intermediate_layer.bottom_z;
             layer_new.height     = intermediate_layer.height;
             layer_new.bridging   = intermediate_layer.bridging;
-            top_interface_layers.push_back(layer_new);
+            interface_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
 
             polygons_append(polygons_top_contact_projected, polygons_bottom_contact_projected);
             polygons_top_contact_projected = union_(polygons_top_contact_projected, true);
-            layer_new.polygons = intersection(intermediate_layers.polygons, polygons_top_contact_projected);
+            layer_new.polygons = intersection(intermediate_layer.polygons, polygons_top_contact_projected);
             //FIXME filter layer_new.polygons islands by a minimum area?
 //                $interface_area = [ grep abs($_->area) >= $area_threshold, @$interface_area ];
-            intermediate_layers.polygons = diff(intermediate_layers.polygons, polygons_top_contact_projected, false)
+            intermediate_layer.polygons = diff(intermediate_layer.polygons, polygons_top_contact_projected, false);
         }
     }
     
@@ -905,17 +803,17 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
     const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
     const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
     const MyLayersPtr   &intermediate_layers,
-    const MyLayersPtr   &interface_layers)
+    const MyLayersPtr   &interface_layers) const
 {
     // Shape of the top contact area.
     int         n_contact_loops = 1;
-    coordf_t    circle_radius   = 1.5 * m_interface_flow.scaled_width;
+    coordf_t    circle_radius   = 1.5 * m_interface_flow.scaled_width();
     coordf_t    circle_distance = 3. * circle_radius;
     Polygon     circle;
-    circle.reserve(6);
+    circle.points.reserve(6);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 6; ++ i) {
-        double angle = double(i) * m_PI / 3.;
-        circle.push_back(Point(circle_radius * cos(angle), circle_radius * sin(angle)));
+        double angle = double(i) * M_PI / 3.;
+        circle.points.push_back(Point(circle_radius * cos(angle), circle_radius * sin(angle)));
     }
     
 //    Slic3r::debugf "Generating patterns\n";
@@ -942,21 +840,21 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
     std::auto_ptr<Fill> filler_support   = std::auto_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(infill_pattern));
     {
         BoundingBox bbox_object = object.bounding_box();
-        fill_interface->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
-        fill_interface->set_bounding_box(fill_support);
+        filler_interface->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
+        filler_support->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
     }
 
     coordf_t interface_angle    = m_object_config->support_material_angle + 90.;
-    coordf_t interface_spacing  = m_object_config->support_material_interface_spacing + m_interface_flow.spacing;
-    coordf_t interface_density  = (interface_spacing == 0.) ? 1. : (m_interface_flow.spacing / m_interface_spacing);
-    coordf_t support_spacing    = m_object_config.object_config->support_material_spacing + m_flow.spacing;
-    coordf_t support_density    = (support_spacing == 0.) ? 1. : (m_flow.spacing / support_spacing);
+    coordf_t interface_spacing  = m_object_config->support_material_interface_spacing.value + m_interface_flow.spacing();
+    coordf_t interface_density  = (interface_spacing == 0.) ? 1. : (m_interface_flow.spacing() / interface_spacing);
+    coordf_t support_spacing    = m_object_config->support_material_spacing.value + m_flow.spacing();
+    coordf_t support_density    = (support_spacing == 0.) ? 1. : (m_flow.spacing() / support_spacing);
     
     //FIXME Parallelize the support generator:
     /*
     Slic3r::parallelize(
         threads => $self->print_config->threads,
-        items => [ 0 .. n_$object->support_layers} ],
+        items => [ 0 .. n_$object.support_layers} ],
         thread_cb => sub {
             my $q = shift;
             while (defined (my $layer_id = $q->dequeue)) {
@@ -964,7 +862,7 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
             }
         },
         no_threads_cb => sub {
-            $process_layer->($_) for 0 .. n_{$object->support_layers};
+            $process_layer->($_) for 0 .. n_{$object.support_layers};
         },
     );
     */
@@ -979,26 +877,30 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
 
         // Find polygons with the same print_z.
         Polygons bottom_contact_polygons;
-        Polygons interface_polygons;
+        Polygons top_contact_polygons;
         Polygons base_polygons;
+        Polygons interface_polygons;
+
         // Increment the layer indices to find a layer at support_layer.print_z.
-        for (; idx_layer_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts    .size() && bottom_contacts    [idx_layer_bottom_contact].print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_bottom_contact) ;
-        for (; idx_layer_top_contact    < top_contacts       .size() && top_contacts       [idx_layer_top_contact   ].print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_top_contact   ) ;
-        for (; idx_layer_intermediate   < intermediate_layers.size() && intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate  ].print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_intermediate  ) ;
-        for (; idx_layer_inteface       < interface_layers   .size() && interface_layers   [idx_layer_inteface      ].print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ interface_layers        ) ;
+        for (; idx_layer_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts    .size() && bottom_contacts    [idx_layer_bottom_contact]->print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_bottom_contact) ;
+        for (; idx_layer_top_contact    < top_contacts       .size() && top_contacts       [idx_layer_top_contact   ]->print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_top_contact   ) ;
+        for (; idx_layer_intermediate   < intermediate_layers.size() && intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate  ]->print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_intermediate  ) ;
+        for (; idx_layer_inteface       < interface_layers   .size() && interface_layers   [idx_layer_inteface      ]->print_z < support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_inteface      ) ;
         // Copy polygons from the layers.
-        if (idx_layer_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts.size() && bottom_contacts[idx_layer_bottom_contact].print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
-            bottom_contact_polygons = bottom_contacts[idx_layer_bottom_contact].polygons;
-        if (idx_layer_inteface < interface_layers.size() && interface_layers[idx_layer_inteface].print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
-            interface_polygons = interface_layers[idx_layer_inteface].polygons;
-        if (idx_layer_intermediate < intermediate_layers.size() && intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate].print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
-            base_polygons = intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate].polygons;
+        if (idx_layer_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts.size() && bottom_contacts[idx_layer_bottom_contact]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
+            bottom_contact_polygons = bottom_contacts[idx_layer_bottom_contact]->polygons;
+        if (idx_layer_top_contact < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_layer_top_contact]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
+            top_contact_polygons = top_contacts[idx_layer_top_contact]->polygons;
+        if (idx_layer_inteface < interface_layers.size() && interface_layers[idx_layer_inteface]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
+            interface_polygons = interface_layers[idx_layer_inteface]->polygons;
+        if (idx_layer_intermediate < intermediate_layers.size() && intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
+            base_polygons = intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate]->polygons;
         
         // We redefine flows locally by applying this layer's height.
         Flow flow           = m_flow;
         Flow interface_flow = m_interface_flow;
-        flow.set_height(layer.height);
-        interface_flow.set_height(layer.height);
+        flow.height         = support_layer.height;
+        interface_flow.height = support_layer.height;
         
         /*
         if (1) {
@@ -1022,10 +924,9 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
         }
         
         Polygons contact_infill_polygons;
-        if (idx_layer_top_contact < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_layer_top_contact].print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
+        if (! top_contact_polygons.empty())
         {
             // Having a top interface layer.
-            Polygons top_contact_polygons = top_contacts[idx_layer_top_contact].polygons;
             if (m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers == 0)
                 // If no interface layers were requested, we treat the contact layer exactly as a generic base layer.
                 polygons_append(base_polygons, top_contact_polygons);
@@ -1041,7 +942,7 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
 
                 // Generate the outermost loop.
                 // Find centerline of the external loop (or any other kind of extrusions should the loop be skipped)
-                top_contact_polygons = offset(top_contact_polygons, - 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_width);
+                top_contact_polygons = offset(top_contact_polygons, - 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_width());
                 
                 Polygons loops0;
                 {
@@ -1051,35 +952,41 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
                     // Positions of the loop centers.
                     Polygons circles;
                     {
-                        Polygons overhang_with_margin = offset(overhang_polygons, 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_width);
-                        for (Polygons::const_iterator it_contact = top_contact_polygons.begin(); it_contact != top_contact_polygons.end(); ++ it_contact)
-                            if (! intersection_pl(it_contact->split_at_first_point, overhang_with_margin).empty()) {
+                        Polygons overhang_with_margin = offset(overhang_polygons, 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_width());
+                        for (Polygons::const_iterator it_contact = top_contact_polygons.begin(); it_contact != top_contact_polygons.end(); ++ it_contact) {
+                            Polylines tmp;
+                            tmp.push_back(it_contact->split_at_first_point());
+                            if (! intersection(tmp, overhang_with_margin).empty()) {
                                 external_loops.push_back(*it_contact);
                                 Points positions_new = it_contact->equally_spaced_points(circle_distance);
                                 for (Points::const_iterator it_center = positions_new.begin(); it_center != positions_new.end(); ++ it_center) {
                                     circles.push_back(circle);
                                     Polygon &circle_new = circles.back();
-                                    for (size_t i = 0; i < circle_new.size(); ++ i)
-                                        circle_new[i].translate(*it_center);
+                                    for (size_t i = 0; i < circle_new.points.size(); ++ i)
+                                        circle_new.points[i].translate(*it_center);
                                 }
                             }
+                        }
                     }
                     // Apply a pattern to the loop.
-                    @loops0 = diff(external_loops, circles);
+                    loops0 = diff(external_loops, circles);
                 }
 
-                // make more loops
-                Polygons loops = loops0;
-                for (size_t i = 1; i < n_contact_loops)
-                    polygons_append(loops, offset2(loops0, - i * interface_flow.scaled_spacing - 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_spacing, 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_spacing));
-
-                // clip such loops to the side oriented towards the object
+                Polylines loop_lines;
                 {
-                    Polylines loop_lines;
-                    loop_lines.reserve(loops.size());
-                    for (Polygons::const_iterator it = loops.begin(); it != loops.end(); ++ it)
-                        loop_lines.push_back(it->split_at_first_point);
-                    loops = intersection_pl(loop_lines, offset(overhang_polygons, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN)));
+                    // make more loops
+                    Polygons loop_polygons = loops0;
+                    for (size_t i = 1; i < n_contact_loops; ++ i)
+                        polygons_append(loop_polygons, 
+                            offset2(
+                                loops0, 
+                                - int(i) * interface_flow.scaled_spacing() - 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_spacing(), 
+                                0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_spacing()));
+                    // clip such loops to the side oriented towards the object
+                    loop_lines.reserve(loop_polygons.size());
+                    for (Polygons::const_iterator it = loop_polygons.begin(); it != loop_polygons.end(); ++ it)
+                        loop_lines.push_back(it->split_at_first_point());
+                    loop_lines = intersection(loop_lines, offset(overhang_polygons, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN)));
                 }
                 
                 // add the contact infill area to the interface area
@@ -1087,14 +994,18 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
                 // extrusions are left inside the circles; however it creates
                 // a very large gap between loops and contact_infill_polygons, so maybe another
                 // solution should be found to achieve both goals
-                contact_infill_polygons = diff(top_contact_polygons, offset(loops, circle_radius * 1.1, true));
+                {
+                    Polygons loop_polygons;
+                    offset(loop_lines, &loop_polygons, circle_radius * 1.1);
+                    contact_infill_polygons = diff(top_contact_polygons, loop_polygons);
+                }
 
                 // Transform loops into ExtrusionPath objects.
-                for (Polylines::const_iterator it_polyline = loops.begin(); it_polyline != loops.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
+                for (Polylines::const_iterator it_polyline = loop_lines.begin(); it_polyline != loop_lines.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
                     ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path = new ExtrusionPath(erSupportMaterialInterface);
                     support_layer.support_interface_fills.entities.push_back(extrusion_path);
-                    extrusion_path->polyline    = it_polyline->split_at_first_point;
-                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = interface_flow.mm3_per_mm;
+                    extrusion_path->polyline    = *it_polyline;
+                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = interface_flow.mm3_per_mm();
                     extrusion_path->width       = interface_flow.width;
                     extrusion_path->height      = support_layer.height;
                 }
@@ -1104,11 +1015,11 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
         // interface and contact infill
         if (! interface_polygons.empty() || ! contact_infill_polygons.empty()) {
             //FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
-            filler_interface->set_angle(interface_angle);
-            filler_interface->set_spacing(interface_flow.spacing);
+            filler_interface->angle   = interface_angle;
+            filler_interface->spacing = interface_flow.spacing();
             
             // find centerline of the external loop
-            interface_polygons = offset2(interface_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON, - SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_width);
+            interface_polygons = offset2(interface_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON, - SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5 * interface_flow.scaled_width());
             // join regions by offsetting them to ensure they're merged
             polygons_append(interface_polygons, contact_infill_polygons);
             interface_polygons = offset(interface_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON);
@@ -1119,7 +1030,7 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
                 Polygons interface_polygons_new;
                 interface_polygons_new.reserve(interface_polygons.size());
                 for (Polygons::iterator it_polygon = interface_polygons.begin(); it_polygon != interface_polygons.end(); ++ it_polygon) {
-                    if (it_polygon->is_clockwise) {
+                    if (it_polygon->is_clockwise()) {
                         Polygons hole;
                         hole.push_back(*it_polygon);
                         hole.back().make_counter_clockwise();
@@ -1127,7 +1038,7 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
                             continue;
                     }
                     interface_polygons_new.push_back(Polygon());
-                    interface_polygons_new.back().swap(*it_polygon);
+                    interface_polygons_new.back().points.swap(it_polygon->points);
                 }
                 interface_polygons.swap(interface_polygons_new);
             }
@@ -1138,12 +1049,12 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
                 FillParams fill_params;
                 fill_params.density = interface_density;
                 fill_params.complete = true;
-                Polylines polylines = filler_interface->fill_surface(Surface(stInternal, *it_expolygon), fill_params);
+                Polylines polylines = filler_interface->fill_surface(&Surface(stInternal, *it_expolygon), fill_params);
                 for (Polylines::const_iterator it_polyline = polylines.begin(); it_polyline != polylines.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
                     ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path = new ExtrusionPath(erSupportMaterialInterface);
                     support_layer.support_interface_fills.entities.push_back(extrusion_path);
-                    extrusion_path->polyline    = it_polyline->split_at_first_point;
-                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = interface_flow.mm3_per_mm;
+                    extrusion_path->polyline    = *it_polyline;
+                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = interface_flow.mm3_per_mm();
                     extrusion_path->width       = interface_flow.width;
                     extrusion_path->height      = support_layer.height;
                 }
@@ -1154,16 +1065,16 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
         if (! base_polygons.empty()) {
             //FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
             Fill *filler = filler_support.get();
-            filler->set_angle(angles[support_layer_id % angles.size()]);
+            filler->angle = angles[support_layer_id % angles.size()];
             // We don't use $base_flow->spacing because we need a constant spacing
             // value that guarantees that all layers are correctly aligned.
-            filler->set_spacing(flow.spacing);
+            filler->spacing = flow.spacing();
             
             coordf_t density     = support_density;
             Flow     base_flow   = flow;
             
             // find centerline of the external loop/extrusions
-            ExPolygons to_infill = offset2_ex(base_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON, - SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5*flow.scaled_width);
+            ExPolygons to_infill = offset2_ex(base_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON, - SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5*flow.scaled_width());
 
             /*
             if (1) {
@@ -1179,41 +1090,42 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
             if (support_layer_id == 0) {
                 // Base flange.
                 filler = filler_interface.get();
-                filler->set_angle(m_object_config->support_material_angle + 90.);
+                filler->angle = m_object_config->support_material_angle + 90.;
                 density   = 0.5;
                 base_flow = m_first_layer_flow;
                 // use the proper spacing for first layer as we don't need to align
                 // its pattern to the other layers
                 //FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
-                filler->set_spacing(base_flow.spacing);
+                filler->spacing = base_flow.spacing();
             } else if (with_sheath) {
                 // Draw a perimeter all around the support infill. This makes the support stable, but difficult to remove.
                 // TODO: use brim ordering algorithm
-                Polygons to_infill_polygons = (Polygons)to_infill;
+                Polygons to_infill_polygons = to_polygons(to_infill);
                 for (Polygons::const_iterator it_polyline = to_infill_polygons.begin(); it_polyline != to_infill_polygons.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
                     ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path = new ExtrusionPath(erSupportMaterial);
                     support_layer.support_fills.entities.push_back(extrusion_path);
-                    extrusion_path->polyline    = it_polyline->split_at_first_point;
-                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = flow.mm3_per_mm;
+                    extrusion_path->polyline    = *it_polyline;
+                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = flow.mm3_per_mm();
                     extrusion_path->width       = flow.width;
                     extrusion_path->height      = support_layer.height;
                 }
                 // TODO: use offset2_ex()
-                to_infill = offset_ex(to_infill_polygons, - flow.scaled_spacing);
+                to_infill = offset_ex(to_infill_polygons, - flow.scaled_spacing());
             }
             
             for (ExPolygons::const_iterator it_expolygon = to_infill.begin(); it_expolygon != to_infill.end(); ++ it_expolygon) {
                 FillParams fill_params;
                 fill_params.density = density;
                 fill_params.complete = true;
-                Polylines polylines = filler->fill_surface(Surface(stInternal, *it_expolygon), fill_params);
+                Polylines polylines = filler->fill_surface(&Surface(stInternal, *it_expolygon), fill_params);
                 for (Polylines::const_iterator it_polyline = polylines.begin(); it_polyline != polylines.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
                     ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path = new ExtrusionPath(erSupportMaterial);
                     support_layer.support_fills.entities.push_back(extrusion_path);
-                    extrusion_path->polyline    = it_polyline->split_at_first_point;
-                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = base_flow.mm3_per_mm;
+                    extrusion_path->polyline    = *it_polyline;
+                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = base_flow.mm3_per_mm();
                     extrusion_path->width       = base_flow.width;
                     extrusion_path->height      = support_layer.height;
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1221,16 +1133,16 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
         if (! bottom_contact_polygons.empty()) {
             //FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
             Fill *filler = filler_support.get();
-            filler->set_angle(angles[support_layer_id % angles.size()]);
+            filler->angle = angles[support_layer_id % angles.size()];
             // We don't use $base_flow->spacing because we need a constant spacing
             // value that guarantees that all layers are correctly aligned.
-            filler->set_spacing(flow.spacing);
+            filler->spacing = flow.spacing();
             
             coordf_t density     = support_density;
             Flow     base_flow   = flow;
             
             // find centerline of the external loop/extrusions
-            ExPolygons to_infill = offset2_ex(base_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON, - SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5*flow.scaled_width);
+            ExPolygons to_infill = offset2_ex(base_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON, - SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5*flow.scaled_width());
 
             /*
             if (1) {
@@ -1246,41 +1158,42 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
             if (support_layer_id == 0) {
                 // Base flange.
                 filler = filler_interface.get();
-                filler->set_angle(m_object_config->support_material_angle + 90.);
+                filler->angle = m_object_config->support_material_angle + 90.;
                 density   = 0.5;
                 base_flow = m_first_layer_flow;
                 // use the proper spacing for first layer as we don't need to align
                 // its pattern to the other layers
                 //FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
-                filler->set_spacing(base_flow.spacing);
+                filler->spacing = base_flow.spacing();
             } else if (with_sheath) {
                 // Draw a perimeter all around the support infill. This makes the support stable, but difficult to remove.
                 // TODO: use brim ordering algorithm
-                Polygons to_infill_polygons = (Polygons)to_infill;
+                Polygons to_infill_polygons = to_polygons(to_infill);
                 for (Polygons::const_iterator it_polyline = to_infill_polygons.begin(); it_polyline != to_infill_polygons.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
                     ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path = new ExtrusionPath(erSupportMaterial);
                     support_layer.support_fills.entities.push_back(extrusion_path);
-                    extrusion_path->polyline    = it_polyline->split_at_first_point;
-                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = flow.mm3_per_mm;
+                    extrusion_path->polyline    = *it_polyline;
+                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = flow.mm3_per_mm();
                     extrusion_path->width       = flow.width;
                     extrusion_path->height      = support_layer.height;
                 }
                 // TODO: use offset2_ex()
-                to_infill = offset_ex(to_infill_polygons, - flow.scaled_spacing);
+                to_infill = offset_ex(to_infill_polygons, - flow.scaled_spacing());
             }
             
             for (ExPolygons::const_iterator it_expolygon = to_infill.begin(); it_expolygon != to_infill.end(); ++ it_expolygon) {
                 FillParams fill_params;
                 fill_params.density = density;
                 fill_params.complete = true;
-                Polylines polylines = filler->fill_surface(Surface(stInternal, *it_expolygon), fill_params);
+                Polylines polylines = filler->fill_surface(&Surface(stInternal, *it_expolygon), fill_params);
                 for (Polylines::const_iterator it_polyline = polylines.begin(); it_polyline != polylines.end(); ++ it_polyline) {
                     ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path = new ExtrusionPath(erSupportMaterial);
                     support_layer.support_fills.entities.push_back(extrusion_path);
-                    extrusion_path->polyline    = it_polyline->split_at_first_point;
-                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = base_flow.mm3_per_mm;
+                    extrusion_path->polyline    = *it_polyline;
+                    extrusion_path->mm3_per_mm  = base_flow.mm3_per_mm();
                     extrusion_path->width       = base_flow.width;
                     extrusion_path->height      = support_layer.height;
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1295,7 +1208,7 @@ void PrintSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
             );
         }
         */
-    };
+    } // for each support_layer_id
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp b/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp
index d1343e4f2..d05bf31bf 100644
--- a/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp
+++ b/xs/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 namespace Slic3r {
 
+class PrintObject;
+
 // how much we extend support around the actual contact area
 #define SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN 1.5	
 
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ public:
 		}
 
 		bool operator==(const MyLayer &layer2) const {
-			return print_z == layer2.printz && height == layer2.height && bridging == layer2.bridging;
+			return print_z == layer2.print_z && height == layer2.height && bridging == layer2.bridging;
 		}
 
 		bool operator<(const MyLayer &layer2) const {
@@ -90,50 +92,59 @@ public:
 		// top or bottom extreme
 		bool   		 is_top;
 
-		coordf_t	z() const { return is_top ? layer->print_z : layer->print_z - height; }
+		coordf_t	z() const { return is_top ? layer->print_z : layer->print_z - layer->height; }
 
 		bool operator<(const LayerExtreme &other) const { return z() < other.z(); }
-	}
+	};
 
 	struct LayerPrintZ_Hash {
-		static size_t operator(const MyLayer &layer) { 
-			return std::hash<double>(layer.print_z)^std::hash<double>(layer.height)^size_t(layer.bridging);
+		size_t operator()(const MyLayer &layer) const { 
+			return std::hash<double>()(layer.print_z)^std::hash<double>()(layer.height)^size_t(layer.bridging);
 		}
 	};
 
-	typedef std::set<MyLayer, LayerPrintZ_Hash> MyLayersSet;
-	typedef std::vector<Layer*> 				MyLayersPtr;
-	typedef std::deque<Layer> 					MyLayersDeque;
-	typedef std::deque<Layer> 					MyLayerStorage;
+	typedef std::vector<MyLayer*> 				MyLayersPtr;
+	typedef std::deque<MyLayer> 				MyLayerStorage;
 
 public:
-	PrintSupportMaterial() :
-		m_object(NULL),
-		m_print_config(NULL),
-		m_object_config(NULL),
-		m_soluble_interface(false),
+	PrintSupportMaterial(
+		const PrintConfig 		*print_config,
+		const PrintObjectConfig	*object_config,
+		const Flow 			 	&flow,
+		const Flow 			 	&first_layer_flow,
+		const Flow 			 	&interface_flow,
+		bool 			 	 	 soluble_interface) :
+		m_print_config(print_config),
+		m_object_config(object_config),
+		m_flow(flow),
+		m_first_layer_flow(first_layer_flow),
+		m_interface_flow(interface_flow),
+		m_soluble_interface(soluble_interface),
 		m_support_layer_height_max(0.),
 		m_support_interface_layer_height_max(0.)
 	{}
 
-	void setup(
-		const PrintConfig 	*print_config;
-		const ObjectConfig 	*object_config;
-		Flow 			 	 flow;
-		Flow 			 	 first_layer_flow;
-		Flow 			 	 interface_flow;
-		bool 			 	 soluble_interface)
-	{
-		this->m_object 				= object;
-		this->m_print_config 		= print_config;
-		this->m_object_config 		= object_config;
-		this->m_flow 				= flow;
-		this->m_first_layer_flow 	= first_layer_flow;
-		this->m_interface_flow 		= interface_flow;
-		this->m_soluble_interface 	= soluble_interface;
-	}
+	PrintSupportMaterial(
+		PrintConfig 		*print_config,
+		PrintObjectConfig	*object_config,
+		Flow 			 	*flow,
+		Flow 			 	*first_layer_flow,
+		Flow 			 	*interface_flow,
+		bool 			 	 soluble_interface) :
+		m_print_config(print_config),
+		m_object_config(object_config),
+		m_flow(*flow),
+		m_first_layer_flow(*first_layer_flow),
+		m_interface_flow(*interface_flow),
+		m_soluble_interface(soluble_interface),
+		m_support_layer_height_max(0.),
+		m_support_interface_layer_height_max(0.)
+	{}
 
-	void generate(const PrintObject *object);
+	// Generate support material for the object.
+	// New support layers will be added to the object,
+	// with extrusion paths and islands filled in for each support layer.
+	void generate(PrintObject &object);
 
 private:
 	// Generate top contact layers supporting overhangs.
@@ -146,26 +157,29 @@ private:
 	// otherwise set the layer height to a bridging flow of a support interface nozzle.
 	MyLayersPtr bottom_contact_layers(const PrintObject &object, const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts, MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const;
 
+	// Trim the top_contacts layers with the bottom_contacts layers if they overlap, so there would not be enough vertical space for both of them.
+	void trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(const PrintObject &object, const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts, MyLayersPtr &top_contacts) const;
+
 	// Generate raft layers and the intermediate support layers between the bottom contact and top contact surfaces.
 	MyLayersPtr raft_and_intermediate_support_layers(
 	    const PrintObject   &object,
 	    const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
 	    const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
 	    MyLayerStorage	 	&layer_storage,
-	    const coordf_t       max_object_layer_height);
+	    const coordf_t       max_object_layer_height) const;
 
 	void generate_base_layers(
 	    const PrintObject   &object,
 	    const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
 	    const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
-	    MyLayersPtr         &intermediate_layers);
+	    MyLayersPtr         &intermediate_layers) const;
 
 	MyLayersPtr generate_interface_layers(
 	    const PrintObject   &object,
 	    const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
 	    const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
 	    MyLayersPtr         &intermediate_layers,
-	    MyLayerStorage      &layer_storage);
+	    MyLayerStorage      &layer_storage) const;
 
 /*
 	void generate_pillars_shape();
@@ -178,10 +192,10 @@ private:
         const MyLayersPtr   &bottom_contacts,
         const MyLayersPtr   &top_contacts,
         const MyLayersPtr   &intermediate_layers,
-        const MyLayersPtr   &interface_layers);
+        const MyLayersPtr   &interface_layers) const;
 
-	const PrintConfig 	*m_print_config;
-	const ObjectConfig 	*m_object_config;
+	const PrintConfig 		*m_print_config;
+	const PrintObjectConfig *m_object_config;
 	Flow 			 	 m_flow;
 	Flow 			 	 m_first_layer_flow;
 	Flow 			 	 m_interface_flow;
@@ -189,6 +203,9 @@ private:
 
 	coordf_t		 	 m_support_layer_height_max;
 	coordf_t		 	 m_support_interface_layer_height_max;
+	bool 				 m_synchronize_support_layers_with_object;
 };
 
-#endif
+} // namespace Slic3r
+
+#endif /* slic3r_SupportMaterial_hpp_ */
diff --git a/xs/src/perlglue.cpp b/xs/src/perlglue.cpp
index 945be6513..8305538a5 100644
--- a/xs/src/perlglue.cpp
+++ b/xs/src/perlglue.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ REGISTER_CLASS(PrintConfig, "Config::Print");
 REGISTER_CLASS(FullPrintConfig, "Config::Full");
 REGISTER_CLASS(Surface, "Surface");
 REGISTER_CLASS(SurfaceCollection, "Surface::Collection");
+REGISTER_CLASS(PrintSupportMaterial, "Print::SupportMaterial2");
 REGISTER_CLASS(TriangleMesh, "TriangleMesh");
 REGISTER_CLASS(GLVertexArray, "GUI::_3DScene::GLVertexArray");
 
diff --git a/xs/xsp/SupportMaterial.xsp b/xs/xsp/SupportMaterial.xsp
index 470cc3c61..b6925261d 100644
--- a/xs/xsp/SupportMaterial.xsp
+++ b/xs/xsp/SupportMaterial.xsp
@@ -1,7 +1,23 @@
 %module{Slic3r::XS};
 
+%{
 #include <xsinit.h>
 #include "libslic3r/SupportMaterial.hpp"
+%}
+
+%name{Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial2} class PrintSupportMaterial {
+    %name{_new} PrintSupportMaterial(
+		PrintConfig 		*print_config,
+		PrintObjectConfig	*object_config,
+		Flow 			 	*flow,
+		Flow 			 	*first_layer_flow,
+		Flow 			 	*interface_flow,
+		bool 			 	 soluble_interface);
+    ~PrintSupportMaterial();
+
+    void generate(PrintObject *object)
+        %code{% THIS->generate(*object); %};
+};
 
 %package{Slic3r::Print::SupportMaterial};
 %{
@@ -13,4 +29,4 @@ MARGIN()
         RETVAL = newSVnv(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN);
     OUTPUT: RETVAL
 
-%}
\ No newline at end of file
+%}
diff --git a/xs/xsp/my.map b/xs/xsp/my.map
index cca5649bf..d76887ac3 100644
--- a/xs/xsp/my.map
+++ b/xs/xsp/my.map
@@ -221,6 +221,10 @@ PerimeterGenerator*         O_OBJECT_SLIC3R
 Ref<PerimeterGenerator>     O_OBJECT_SLIC3R_T
 Clone<PerimeterGenerator>   O_OBJECT_SLIC3R_T
 
+PrintSupportMaterial*       O_OBJECT_SLIC3R
+Ref<PrintSupportMaterial>   O_OBJECT_SLIC3R_T
+Clone<PrintSupportMaterial> O_OBJECT_SLIC3R_T
+
 GLVertexArray*             O_OBJECT_SLIC3R
 
 Axis                  T_UV
diff --git a/xs/xsp/typemap.xspt b/xs/xsp/typemap.xspt
index 1c7d27a95..c9a1213d3 100644
--- a/xs/xsp/typemap.xspt
+++ b/xs/xsp/typemap.xspt
@@ -141,6 +141,10 @@
 %typemap{SupportLayer*};
 %typemap{Ref<SupportLayer>}{simple};
 
+%typemap{PrintSupportMaterial*};
+%typemap{Ref<PrintSupportMaterial>}{simple};
+%typemap{Clone<PrintSupportMaterial>}{simple};
+
 %typemap{PlaceholderParser*};
 %typemap{Ref<PlaceholderParser>}{simple};
 %typemap{Clone<PlaceholderParser>}{simple};