package Slic3r::Print::Object;
use Moo;
use List::Util qw(min sum first);
use Slic3r::ExtrusionPath ':roles';
use Slic3r::Geometry qw(Z PI scale unscale deg2rad rad2deg scaled_epsilon);
use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(diff_ex intersection_ex union_ex offset collapse_ex);
use Slic3r::Surface ':types';
has 'print' => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
has 'input_file' => (is => 'rw', required => 0);
has 'meshes' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # by region_id
has 'size' => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
has 'copies' => (is => 'rw', default => sub {[ [0,0] ]});
has 'layers' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });
has 'layer_height_ranges' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]
sub BUILD {
my $self = shift;
# make layers
my $print_z = my $slice_z = my $raft_z = 0;
while (!@{$self->layers} || $self->layers->[-1]->slice_z < $self->size->[Z]) {
my $id = $#{$self->layers} + 1;
my $height = $Slic3r::Config->layer_height;
$height = $Slic3r::Config->get_value('first_layer_height') if $id == 0;
if (my $range = first { $_->[0] <= ($print_z + $_->[2]) && $_->[1] >= ($print_z + $_->[2]) } @{$self->layer_height_ranges}) {
$height = $range->[2];
}
$print_z += $height;
if ($id < $Slic3r::Config->raft_layers) {
# this is a raft layer
$raft_z += $height;
$slice_z = -1;
} else {
$slice_z = $print_z - ($height/2) - $raft_z;
}
### Slic3r::debugf "Layer %d: height = %s; slice_z = %s; print_z = %s\n", $id, $height, $slice_z, $print_z;
push @{$self->layers}, Slic3r::Layer->new(
object => $self,
id => $id,
height => $height,
print_z => scale $print_z,
slice_z => scale $slice_z,
);
}
}
sub layer_count {
my $self = shift;
return scalar @{ $self->layers };
}
sub get_layer_range {
my $self = shift;
my ($min_z, $max_z) = @_;
# $min_layer is the uppermost layer having slice_z <= $min_z
# $max_layer is the lowermost layer having slice_z >= $max_z
my ($min_layer, $max_layer) = (0, undef);
for my $i (0 .. $#{$self->layers}) {
if ($self->layers->[$i]->slice_z >= $min_z) {
$min_layer = $i - 1;
for my $k ($i .. $#{$self->layers}) {
if ($self->layers->[$k]->slice_z >= $max_z) {
$max_layer = $k - 1;
last;
}
}
last;
}
}
return ($min_layer, $max_layer);
}
sub slice {
my $self = shift;
my %params = @_;
# process facets
for my $region_id (0 .. $#{$self->meshes}) {
my $mesh = $self->meshes->[$region_id]; # ignore undef meshes
my $apply_lines = sub {
my $lines = shift;
foreach my $layer_id (keys %$lines) {
my $layerm = $self->layers->[$layer_id]->region($region_id);
push @{$layerm->lines}, @{$lines->{$layer_id}};
}
};
Slic3r::parallelize(
disable => ($#{$mesh->facets} < 500), # don't parallelize when too few facets
items => [ 0..$#{$mesh->facets} ],
thread_cb => sub {
my $q = shift;
my $result_lines = {};
while (defined (my $facet_id = $q->dequeue)) {
my $lines = $mesh->slice_facet($self, $facet_id);
foreach my $layer_id (keys %$lines) {
$result_lines->{$layer_id} ||= [];
push @{ $result_lines->{$layer_id} }, @{ $lines->{$layer_id} };
}
}
return $result_lines;
},
collect_cb => sub {
$apply_lines->($_[0]);
},
no_threads_cb => sub {
for (0..$#{$mesh->facets}) {
my $lines = $mesh->slice_facet($self, $_);
$apply_lines->($lines);
}
},
);
}
die "Invalid input file\n" if !@{$self->layers};
# free memory
$self->meshes(undef) unless $params{keep_meshes};
# remove last layer if empty
# (we might have created it because of the $max_layer = ... + 1 code in TriangleMesh)
pop @{$self->layers} if !map @{$_->lines}, @{$self->layers->[-1]->regions};
foreach my $layer (@{ $self->layers }) {
# make sure all layers contain layer region objects for all regions
$layer->region($_) for 0 .. ($self->print->regions_count-1);
Slic3r::debugf "Making surfaces for layer %d (slice z = %f):\n",
$layer->id, unscale $layer->slice_z if $Slic3r::debug;
# layer currently has many lines representing intersections of
# model facets with the layer plane. there may also be lines
# that we need to ignore (for example, when two non-horizontal
# facets share a common edge on our plane, we get a single line;
# however that line has no meaning for our layer as it's enclosed
# inside a closed polyline)
# build surfaces from sparse lines
foreach my $layerm (@{$layer->regions}) {
my ($slicing_errors, $loops) = Slic3r::TriangleMesh::make_loops($layerm->lines);
$layer->slicing_errors(1) if $slicing_errors;
$layerm->make_surfaces($loops);
# free memory
$layerm->lines(undef);
}
# merge all regions' slices to get islands
$layer->make_slices;
}
# detect slicing errors
my $warning_thrown = 0;
for my $i (0 .. $#{$self->layers}) {
my $layer = $self->layers->[$i];
next unless $layer->slicing_errors;
if (!$warning_thrown) {
warn "The model has overlapping or self-intersecting facets. I tried to repair it, "
. "however you might want to check the results or repair the input file and retry.\n";
$warning_thrown = 1;
}
# try to repair the layer surfaces by merging all contours and all holes from
# neighbor layers
Slic3r::debugf "Attempting to repair layer %d\n", $i;
foreach my $region_id (0 .. $#{$layer->regions}) {
my $layerm = $layer->region($region_id);
my (@upper_surfaces, @lower_surfaces);
for (my $j = $i+1; $j <= $#{$self->layers}; $j++) {
if (!$self->layers->[$j]->slicing_errors) {
@upper_surfaces = @{$self->layers->[$j]->region($region_id)->slices};
last;
}
}
for (my $j = $i-1; $j >= 0; $j--) {
if (!$self->layers->[$j]->slicing_errors) {
@lower_surfaces = @{$self->layers->[$j]->region($region_id)->slices};
last;
}
}
my $union = union_ex([
map $_->expolygon->contour, @upper_surfaces, @lower_surfaces,
]);
my $diff = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, @$union ],
[ map $_->expolygon->holes, @upper_surfaces, @lower_surfaces, ],
);
@{$layerm->slices} = map Slic3r::Surface->new
(expolygon => $_, surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNAL),
@$diff;
}
# update layer slices after repairing the single regions
$layer->make_slices;
}
# remove empty layers from bottom
my $first_object_layer_id = $Slic3r::Config->raft_layers;
while (@{$self->layers} && !@{$self->layers->[$first_object_layer_id]->slices} && !map @{$_->thin_walls}, @{$self->layers->[$first_object_layer_id]->regions}) {
splice @{$self->layers}, $first_object_layer_id, 1;
for (my $i = $first_object_layer_id; $i <= $#{$self->layers}; $i++) {
$self->layers->[$i]->id($i);
}
}
warn "No layers were detected. You might want to repair your STL file and retry.\n"
if !@{$self->layers};
}
sub make_perimeters {
my $self = shift;
# compare each layer to the one below, and mark those slices needing
# one additional inner perimeter, like the top of domed objects-
# this algorithm makes sure that at least one perimeter is overlapping
# but we don't generate any extra perimeter if fill density is zero, as they would be floating
# inside the object - infill_only_where_needed should be the method of choice for printing
# hollow objects
if ($Slic3r::Config->extra_perimeters && $Slic3r::Config->perimeters > 0 && $Slic3r::Config->fill_density > 0) {
for my $region_id (0 .. ($self->print->regions_count-1)) {
for my $layer_id (0 .. $self->layer_count-2) {
my $layerm = $self->layers->[$layer_id]->regions->[$region_id];
my $upper_layerm = $self->layers->[$layer_id+1]->regions->[$region_id];
my $perimeter_spacing = $layerm->perimeter_flow->scaled_spacing;
my $overlap = $perimeter_spacing; # one perimeter
my $diff = diff_ex(
[ offset([ map @{$_->expolygon}, @{$layerm->slices} ], -($Slic3r::Config->perimeters * $perimeter_spacing)) ],
[ offset([ map @{$_->expolygon}, @{$upper_layerm->slices} ], -$overlap) ],
);
next if !@$diff;
# if we need more perimeters, $diff should contain a narrow region that we can collapse
$diff = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, @$diff ],
[ offset(
[ offset([ map @$_, @$diff ], -$perimeter_spacing) ],
+$perimeter_spacing
) ],
);
next if !@$diff;
# diff contains the collapsed area
foreach my $slice (@{$layerm->slices}) {
my $extra_perimeters = 0;
CYCLE: while (1) {
# compute polygons representing the thickness of the hypotetical new internal perimeter
# of our slice
$extra_perimeters++;
my $hypothetical_perimeter = diff_ex(
[ offset($slice->expolygon, -($perimeter_spacing * ($Slic3r::Config->perimeters + $extra_perimeters-1))) ],
[ offset($slice->expolygon, -($perimeter_spacing * ($Slic3r::Config->perimeters + $extra_perimeters))) ],
);
last CYCLE if !@$hypothetical_perimeter; # no extra perimeter is possible
# only add the perimeter if there's an intersection with the collapsed area
my $intersection = intersection_ex(
[ map @$_, @$diff ],
[ map @$_, @$hypothetical_perimeter ],
);
last CYCLE if !@$intersection;
Slic3r::debugf " adding one more perimeter at layer %d\n", $layer_id;
$slice->extra_perimeters($extra_perimeters);
}
}
}
}
}
Slic3r::parallelize(
items => sub { 0 .. ($self->layer_count-1) },
thread_cb => sub {
my $q = shift;
$Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper::clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
my $result = {};
while (defined (my $layer_id = $q->dequeue)) {
my $layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id];
$layer->make_perimeters;
$result->{$layer_id} ||= {};
foreach my $region_id (0 .. $#{$layer->regions}) {
my $layerm = $layer->regions->[$region_id];
$result->{$layer_id}{$region_id} = {
perimeters => $layerm->perimeters,
fill_surfaces => $layerm->fill_surfaces,
thin_fills => $layerm->thin_fills,
};
}
}
return $result;
},
collect_cb => sub {
my $result = shift;
foreach my $layer_id (keys %$result) {
foreach my $region_id (keys %{$result->{$layer_id}}) {
$self->layers->[$layer_id]->regions->[$region_id]->$_($result->{$layer_id}{$region_id}{$_})
for qw(perimeters fill_surfaces thin_fills);
}
}
},
no_threads_cb => sub {
$_->make_perimeters for @{$self->layers};
},
);
}
sub detect_surfaces_type {
my $self = shift;
Slic3r::debugf "Detecting solid surfaces...\n";
# prepare a reusable subroutine to make surface differences
my $surface_difference = sub {
my ($subject_surfaces, $clip_surfaces, $result_type, $layerm) = @_;
my $expolygons = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, @$subject_surfaces ],
[ map @$_, @$clip_surfaces ],
1,
);
return grep $_->contour->is_printable($layerm->perimeter_flow->scaled_width),
map Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $_, surface_type => $result_type),
@$expolygons;
};
for my $region_id (0 .. ($self->print->regions_count-1)) {
for my $i (0 .. ($self->layer_count-1)) {
my $layerm = $self->layers->[$i]->regions->[$region_id];
# comparison happens against the *full* slices (considering all regions)
my $upper_layer = $self->layers->[$i+1];
my $lower_layer = $i > 0 ? $self->layers->[$i-1] : undef;
my (@bottom, @top, @internal) = ();
# find top surfaces (difference between current surfaces
# of current layer and upper one)
if ($upper_layer) {
@top = $surface_difference->(
[ map $_->expolygon, @{$layerm->slices} ],
$upper_layer->slices,
S_TYPE_TOP,
$layerm,
);
} else {
# if no upper layer, all surfaces of this one are solid
@top = @{$layerm->slices};
$_->surface_type(S_TYPE_TOP) for @top;
}
# find bottom surfaces (difference between current surfaces
# of current layer and lower one)
if ($lower_layer) {
# lower layer's slices are already Surface objects
@bottom = $surface_difference->(
[ map $_->expolygon, @{$layerm->slices} ],
$lower_layer->slices,
S_TYPE_BOTTOM,
$layerm,
);
} else {
# if no lower layer, all surfaces of this one are solid
@bottom = @{$layerm->slices};
$_->surface_type(S_TYPE_BOTTOM) for @bottom;
}
# now, if the object contained a thin membrane, we could have overlapping bottom
# and top surfaces; let's do an intersection to discover them and consider them
# as bottom surfaces (to allow for bridge detection)
if (@top && @bottom) {
my $overlapping = intersection_ex([ map $_->p, @top ], [ map $_->p, @bottom ]);
Slic3r::debugf " layer %d contains %d membrane(s)\n", $layerm->id, scalar(@$overlapping);
@top = $surface_difference->([map $_->expolygon, @top], $overlapping, S_TYPE_TOP, $layerm);
}
# find internal surfaces (difference between top/bottom surfaces and others)
@internal = $surface_difference->(
[ map $_->expolygon, @{$layerm->slices} ],
[ map $_->expolygon, @top, @bottom ],
S_TYPE_INTERNAL,
$layerm,
);
# save surfaces to layer
@{$layerm->slices} = (@bottom, @top, @internal);
Slic3r::debugf " layer %d has %d bottom, %d top and %d internal surfaces\n",
$layerm->id, scalar(@bottom), scalar(@top), scalar(@internal);
}
# clip surfaces to the fill boundaries
foreach my $layer (@{$self->layers}) {
my $layerm = $layer->regions->[$region_id];
my $fill_boundaries = [ map @$_, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces} ];
@{$layerm->fill_surfaces} = ();
foreach my $surface (@{$layerm->slices}) {
my $intersection = intersection_ex(
[ $surface->p ],
$fill_boundaries,
);
push @{$layerm->fill_surfaces}, map Slic3r::Surface->new
(expolygon => $_, surface_type => $surface->surface_type),
@$intersection;
}
}
}
}
sub clip_fill_surfaces {
my $self = shift;
return unless $Slic3r::Config->infill_only_where_needed;
# We only want infill under ceilings; this is almost like an
# internal support material.
my $additional_margin = scale 3;
my @overhangs = ();
for my $layer_id (reverse 0..$#{$self->layers}) {
my $layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id];
# clip this layer's internal surfaces to @overhangs
foreach my $layerm (@{$layer->regions}) {
my @new_internal = map Slic3r::Surface->new(
expolygon => $_,
surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNAL,
),
@{intersection_ex(
[ map @$_, @overhangs ],
[ map @{$_->expolygon}, grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces} ],
)};
@{$layerm->fill_surfaces} = (
@new_internal,
(grep $_->surface_type != S_TYPE_INTERNAL, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces}),
);
}
# get this layer's overhangs
if ($layer_id > 0) {
my $lower_layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id-1];
# loop through layer regions so that we can use each region's
# specific overhang width
foreach my $layerm (@{$layer->regions}) {
my $overhang_width = $layerm->overhang_width;
# we want to support any solid surface, not just tops
# (internal solids might have been generated)
push @overhangs, map $_->offset_ex($additional_margin), @{intersection_ex(
[ map @{$_->expolygon}, grep $_->surface_type != S_TYPE_INTERNAL, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces} ],
[ map @$_, map $_->offset_ex(-$overhang_width), @{$lower_layer->slices} ],
)};
}
}
}
}
sub bridge_over_infill {
my $self = shift;
return if $Slic3r::Config->fill_density == 1;
for my $layer_id (1..$#{$self->layers}) {
my $layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id];
my $lower_layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id-1];
foreach my $layerm (@{$layer->regions}) {
# compute the areas needing bridge math
my @internal_solid = grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces};
my @lower_internal = grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL, map @{$_->fill_surfaces}, @{$lower_layer->regions};
my $to_bridge = intersection_ex(
[ map $_->p, @internal_solid ],
[ map $_->p, @lower_internal ],
);
next unless @$to_bridge;
Slic3r::debugf "Bridging %d internal areas at layer %d\n", scalar(@$to_bridge), $layer_id;
# build the new collection of fill_surfaces
{
my @new_surfaces = grep $_->surface_type != S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces};
push @new_surfaces, map Slic3r::Surface->new(
expolygon => $_,
surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNALBRIDGE,
), @$to_bridge;
push @new_surfaces, map Slic3r::Surface->new(
expolygon => $_,
surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID,
), @{diff_ex(
[ map $_->p, @internal_solid ],
[ map @$_, @$to_bridge ],
1,
)};
@{$layerm->fill_surfaces} = @new_surfaces;
}
# exclude infill from the layers below if needed
# see discussion at https://github.com/alexrj/Slic3r/issues/240
{
my $excess = $layerm->extruders->{infill}->bridge_flow->width - $layerm->height;
for (my $i = $layer_id-1; $excess >= $self->layers->[$i]->height; $i--) {
Slic3r::debugf " skipping infill below those areas at layer %d\n", $i;
foreach my $lower_layerm (@{$self->layers->[$i]->regions}) {
my @new_surfaces = ();
# subtract the area from all types of surfaces
foreach my $group (Slic3r::Surface->group(@{$lower_layerm->fill_surfaces})) {
push @new_surfaces, map Slic3r::Surface->new(
expolygon => $_,
surface_type => $group->[0]->surface_type,
), @{diff_ex(
[ map $_->p, @$group ],
[ map @$_, @$to_bridge ],
)};
}
@{$lower_layerm->fill_surfaces} = @new_surfaces;
}
$excess -= $self->layers->[$i]->height;
}
}
}
}
}
sub discover_horizontal_shells {
my $self = shift;
Slic3r::debugf "==> DISCOVERING HORIZONTAL SHELLS\n";
for my $region_id (0 .. ($self->print->regions_count-1)) {
for (my $i = 0; $i < $self->layer_count; $i++) {
my $layerm = $self->layers->[$i]->regions->[$region_id];
if ($Slic3r::Config->solid_infill_every_layers && ($i % $Slic3r::Config->solid_infill_every_layers) == 0) {
$_->surface_type(S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID)
for grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces};
}
foreach my $type (S_TYPE_TOP, S_TYPE_BOTTOM) {
# find slices of current type for current layer
# get both slices and fill_surfaces before the former contains the perimeters area
# and the latter contains the enlarged external surfaces
my $solid = [ map $_->expolygon, grep $_->surface_type == $type, @{$layerm->slices}, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces} ];
next if !@$solid;
Slic3r::debugf "Layer %d has %s surfaces\n", $i, ($type == S_TYPE_TOP ? 'top' : 'bottom');
my $solid_layers = ($type == S_TYPE_TOP)
? $Slic3r::Config->top_solid_layers
: $Slic3r::Config->bottom_solid_layers;
for (my $n = $type == S_TYPE_TOP ? $i-1 : $i+1;
abs($n - $i) <= $solid_layers-1;
$type == S_TYPE_TOP ? $n-- : $n++) {
next if $n < 0 || $n >= $self->layer_count;
Slic3r::debugf " looking for neighbors on layer %d...\n", $n;
my @neighbor_fill_surfaces = @{$self->layers->[$n]->regions->[$region_id]->fill_surfaces};
# find intersection between neighbor and current layer's surfaces
# intersections have contours and holes
my $new_internal_solid = intersection_ex(
[ map @$_, @$solid ],
[ map $_->p, grep { $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL || $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID } @neighbor_fill_surfaces ],
undef, 1,
);
next if !@$new_internal_solid;
# make sure the new internal solid is wide enough, as it might get collapsed when
# spacing is added in Fill.pm
{
my $margin = 3 * $layerm->infill_flow->scaled_width; # require at least this size
my $too_narrow = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, @$new_internal_solid ],
[ offset([ offset([ map @$_, @$new_internal_solid ], -$margin) ], +$margin) ],
);
# if some parts are going to collapse, let's grow them and add the extra area to the neighbor layer
# as well as to our original surfaces so that we support this additional area in the next shell too
if (@$too_narrow) {
# make sure our grown surfaces don't exceed the fill area
my @grown = map @$_, @{intersection_ex(
[ offset([ map @$_, @$too_narrow ], +$margin) ],
[ map $_->p, @neighbor_fill_surfaces ],
)};
$new_internal_solid = union_ex([ @grown, (map @$_, @$new_internal_solid) ]);
$solid = union_ex([ @grown, (map @$_, @$solid) ]);
}
}
# internal-solid are the union of the existing internal-solid surfaces
# and new ones
my $internal_solid = union_ex([
( map $_->p, grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID, @neighbor_fill_surfaces ),
( map @$_, @$new_internal_solid ),
]);
# subtract intersections from layer surfaces to get resulting internal surfaces
my $internal = diff_ex(
[ map $_->p, grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL, @neighbor_fill_surfaces ],
[ map @$_, @$internal_solid ],
1,
);
Slic3r::debugf " %d internal-solid and %d internal surfaces found\n",
scalar(@$internal_solid), scalar(@$internal);
# assign resulting internal surfaces to layer
my $neighbor_fill_surfaces = $self->layers->[$n]->regions->[$region_id]->fill_surfaces;
@$neighbor_fill_surfaces = ();
push @$neighbor_fill_surfaces, Slic3r::Surface->new
(expolygon => $_, surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNAL)
for @$internal;
# assign new internal-solid surfaces to layer
push @$neighbor_fill_surfaces, Slic3r::Surface->new
(expolygon => $_, surface_type => S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID)
for @$internal_solid;
# assign top and bottom surfaces to layer
foreach my $s (Slic3r::Surface->group(grep { $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_TOP || $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_BOTTOM } @neighbor_fill_surfaces)) {
my $solid_surfaces = diff_ex(
[ map $_->p, @$s ],
[ map @$_, @$internal_solid, @$internal ],
1,
);
push @$neighbor_fill_surfaces, Slic3r::Surface->new
(expolygon => $_, surface_type => $s->[0]->surface_type, bridge_angle => $s->[0]->bridge_angle)
for @$solid_surfaces;
}
}
}
}
}
}
# combine fill surfaces across layers
sub combine_infill {
my $self = shift;
return unless $Slic3r::Config->infill_every_layers > 1 && $Slic3r::Config->fill_density > 0;
my $every = $Slic3r::Config->infill_every_layers;
my $layer_count = $self->layer_count;
my @layer_heights = map $self->layers->[$_]->height, 0 .. $layer_count-1;
for my $region_id (0 .. ($self->print->regions_count-1)) {
# limit the number of combined layers to the maximum height allowed by this regions' nozzle
my $nozzle_diameter = $self->print->regions->[$region_id]->extruders->{infill}->nozzle_diameter;
# define the combinations
my @combine = (); # layer_id => depth
{
my $current_height = my $layers = 0;
for my $layer_id (1 .. $#layer_heights) {
my $height = $self->layers->[$layer_id]->height;
if ($current_height + $height >= $nozzle_diameter || $layers >= $every) {
$combine[$layer_id-1] = $layers;
$current_height = $layers = 0;
}
$current_height += $height;
$layers++;
}
}
# skip bottom layer
for my $layer_id (1 .. $#combine) {
next unless ($combine[$layer_id] // 1) > 1;
my @layerms = map $self->layers->[$_]->regions->[$region_id],
($layer_id - ($combine[$layer_id]-1) .. $layer_id);
# process internal and internal-solid infill separately
for my $type (S_TYPE_INTERNAL, S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID) {
# we need to perform a multi-layer intersection, so let's split it in pairs
# initialize the intersection with the candidates of the lowest layer
my $intersection = [ map $_->expolygon, grep $_->surface_type == $type, @{$layerms[0]->fill_surfaces} ];
# start looping from the second layer and intersect the current intersection with it
for my $layerm (@layerms[1 .. $#layerms]) {
$intersection = intersection_ex(
[ map @$_, @$intersection ],
[ map @{$_->expolygon}, grep $_->surface_type == $type, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces} ],
);
}
my $area_threshold = $layerms[0]->infill_area_threshold;
@$intersection = grep $_->area > $area_threshold, @$intersection;
next if !@$intersection;
Slic3r::debugf " combining %d %s regions from layers %d-%d\n",
scalar(@$intersection),
($type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL ? 'internal' : 'internal-solid'),
$layer_id-($every-1), $layer_id;
# $intersection now contains the regions that can be combined across the full amount of layers
# so let's remove those areas from all layers
my @intersection_with_clearance = map $_->offset(
$layerms[-1]->infill_flow->scaled_width / 2
+ $layerms[-1]->perimeter_flow->scaled_width / 2
# Because fill areas for rectilinear and honeycomb are grown
# later to overlap perimeters, we need to counteract that too.
+ (($type == S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID || $Slic3r::Config->fill_pattern =~ /(rectilinear|honeycomb)/)
? $layerms[-1]->infill_flow->scaled_width * &Slic3r::PERIMETER_INFILL_OVERLAP_OVER_SPACING
: 0)
), @$intersection;
foreach my $layerm (@layerms) {
my @this_type = grep $_->surface_type == $type, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces};
my @other_types = grep $_->surface_type != $type, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces};
@this_type = map Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $_, surface_type => $type),
@{diff_ex(
[ map @{$_->expolygon}, @this_type ],
[ @intersection_with_clearance ],
)};
# apply surfaces back with adjusted depth to the uppermost layer
if ($layerm->id == $layer_id) {
push @this_type,
map Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $_, surface_type => $type, depth_layers => $every),
@$intersection;
}
@{$layerm->fill_surfaces} = (@this_type, @other_types);
}
}
}
}
}
sub generate_support_material {
my $self = shift;
return if $self->layer_count < 2;
my $threshold_rad;
if ($Slic3r::Config->support_material_threshold) {
$threshold_rad = deg2rad($Slic3r::Config->support_material_threshold + 1); # +1 makes the threshold inclusive
Slic3r::debugf "Threshold angle = %d°\n", rad2deg($threshold_rad);
}
my $flow = $self->print->support_material_flow;
my $distance_from_object = 1.5 * $flow->scaled_width;
my $pattern_spacing = ($Slic3r::Config->support_material_spacing > $flow->spacing)
? $Slic3r::Config->support_material_spacing
: $flow->spacing;
# determine support regions in each layer (for upper layers)
Slic3r::debugf "Detecting regions\n";
my %layers = (); # this represents the areas of each layer having to support upper layers (excluding interfaces)
my %layers_interfaces = (); # this represents the areas of each layer to be filled with interface pattern, excluding the contact areas which are stored separately
my %layers_contact_areas = (); # this represents the areas of each layer having an overhang in the immediately upper layer
{
my @current_support_regions = (); # expolygons we've started to support (i.e. below the empty interface layers)
my @upper_layers_overhangs = (map [], 1..$Slic3r::Config->support_material_interface_layers);
for my $i (reverse 0 .. $#{$self->layers}) {
next unless $Slic3r::Config->support_material
|| ($i <= $Slic3r::Config->raft_layers) # <= because we need to start from the first non-raft layer
|| ($i <= $Slic3r::Config->support_material_enforce_layers + $Slic3r::Config->raft_layers);
my $layer = $self->layers->[$i];
my $lower_layer = $i > 0 ? $self->layers->[$i-1] : undef;
my @current_layer_offsetted_slices = map $_->offset_ex($distance_from_object), @{$layer->slices};
# $upper_layers_overhangs[-1] contains the overhangs of the upper layer, regardless of any interface layers
# $upper_layers_overhangs[0] contains the overhangs of the first upper layer above the interface layers
# we only consider the overhangs of the upper layer to define contact areas of the current one
$layers_contact_areas{$i} = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, @{ $upper_layers_overhangs[-1] || [] } ],
[ map @$_, @current_layer_offsetted_slices ],
);
$layers_contact_areas{$i} = [
map $_->simplify($flow->scaled_spacing),
collapse_ex([ map @$_, @{$layers_contact_areas{$i}} ], $flow->scaled_width),
];
# to define interface regions of this layer we consider the overhangs of all the upper layers
# minus the first one
$layers_interfaces{$i} = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, map @$_, @upper_layers_overhangs[0 .. $#upper_layers_overhangs-1] ],
[
(map @$_, @current_layer_offsetted_slices),
(map @$_, @{ $layers_contact_areas{$i} }),
],
);
$layers_interfaces{$i} = [
map $_->simplify($flow->scaled_spacing),
collapse_ex([ map @$_, @{$layers_interfaces{$i}} ], $flow->scaled_width),
];
# generate support material in current layer (for upper layers)
@current_support_regions = @{diff_ex(
[
(map @$_, @current_support_regions),
(map @$_, @{ $upper_layers_overhangs[-1] || [] }), # only considering -1 instead of the whole array contents is just an optimization
],
[ map @$_, @{$layer->slices} ],
)};
shift @upper_layers_overhangs;
$layers{$i} = diff_ex(
[ map @$_, @current_support_regions ],
[
(map @$_, @current_layer_offsetted_slices),
(map @$_, @{ $layers_interfaces{$i} }),
],
);
$layers{$i} = [
map $_->simplify($flow->scaled_spacing),
collapse_ex([ map @$_, @{$layers{$i}} ], $flow->scaled_width),
];
# get layer overhangs and put them into queue for adding support inside lower layers;
# we need an angle threshold for this
my @overhangs = ();
if ($lower_layer) {
# consider all overhangs regardless of their angle if we're told to enforce support on this layer
my $distance = $i <= ($Slic3r::Config->support_material_enforce_layers + $Slic3r::Config->raft_layers)
? 0
: $Slic3r::Config->support_material_threshold
? scale $lower_layer->height * ((cos $threshold_rad) / (sin $threshold_rad))
: $self->layers->[1]->regions->[0]->overhang_width;
@overhangs = map $_->offset_ex(2 * $distance), @{diff_ex(
[ map @$_, map $_->offset_ex(-$distance), @{$layer->slices} ],
[ map @$_, @{$lower_layer->slices} ],
1,
)};
}
push @upper_layers_overhangs, [@overhangs];
if ($Slic3r::debug) {
printf "Layer %d (z = %.2f) has %d generic support areas, %d normal interface areas, %d contact areas\n",
$i, unscale($layer->print_z), scalar(@{$layers{$i}}), scalar(@{$layers_interfaces{$i}}), scalar(@{$layers_contact_areas{$i}});
}
}
}
return if !map @$_, values %layers;
# generate paths for the pattern that we're going to use
Slic3r::debugf "Generating patterns\n";
my $support_patterns = [];
my $support_interface_patterns = [];
{
# 0.5 ensures the paths don't get clipped externally when applying them to layers
my @areas = map $_->offset_ex(- 0.5 * $flow->scaled_width),
@{union_ex([ map $_->contour, map @$_, values %layers ])};
my $pattern = $Slic3r::Config->support_material_pattern;
my @angles = ($Slic3r::Config->support_material_angle);
if ($pattern eq 'rectilinear-grid') {
$pattern = 'rectilinear';
push @angles, $angles[0] + 90;
}
my $filler = Slic3r::Fill->filler($pattern);
my $make_pattern = sub {
my ($expolygon, $density) = @_;
my @paths = $filler->fill_surface(
Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $expolygon),
density => $density,
flow_spacing => $flow->spacing,
);
my $params = shift @paths;
return map Slic3r::ExtrusionPath->new(
polyline => Slic3r::Polyline->new(@$_),
role => EXTR_ROLE_SUPPORTMATERIAL,
height => undef,
flow_spacing => $params->{flow_spacing},
), @paths;
};
foreach my $angle (@angles) {
$filler->angle($angle);
{
my $density = $flow->spacing / $pattern_spacing;
push @$support_patterns, [ map $make_pattern->($_, $density), @areas ];
}
if ($Slic3r::Config->support_material_interface_layers > 0) {
# if pattern is not cross-hatched, rotate the interface pattern by 90° degrees
$filler->angle($angle + 90) if @angles == 1;
my $spacing = $Slic3r::Config->support_material_interface_spacing;
my $density = $spacing == 0 ? 1 : $flow->spacing / $spacing;
push @$support_interface_patterns, [ map $make_pattern->($_, $density), @areas ];
}
}
if (0) {
require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
Slic3r::SVG::output("support_$_.svg",
polylines => [ map $_->polyline, map @$_, $support_patterns->[$_] ],
red_polylines => [ map $_->polyline, map @$_, $support_interface_patterns->[$_] ],
polygons => [ map @$_, @areas ],
) for 0 .. $#$support_patterns;
}
}
# apply the pattern to layers
Slic3r::debugf "Applying patterns\n";
{
my $clip_pattern = sub {
my ($layer_id, $expolygons, $height, $is_interface) = @_;
my @paths = ();
foreach my $expolygon (@$expolygons) {
push @paths,
map $_->pack,
map {
$_->height($height);
# useless line because this coderef isn't called for layer 0 anymore;
# let's keep it here just in case we want to make the base flange optional
# in the future
$_->flow_spacing($self->print->first_layer_support_material_flow->spacing)
if $layer_id == 0;
$_;
}
map $_->clip_with_expolygon($expolygon),
###map $_->clip_with_polygon($expolygon->bounding_box_polygon), # currently disabled as a workaround for Boost failing at being idempotent
($is_interface && @$support_interface_patterns)
? @{$support_interface_patterns->[ $layer_id % @$support_interface_patterns ]}
: @{$support_patterns->[ $layer_id % @$support_patterns ]};
};
return @paths;
};
my %layer_paths = ();
my %layer_contact_paths = ();
my %layer_islands = ();
my $process_layer = sub {
my ($layer_id) = @_;
my $layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id];
my ($paths, $contact_paths) = ([], []);
my $islands = union_ex([ map @$_, map @$_, $layers{$layer_id}, $layers_contact_areas{$layer_id} ]);
# make a solid base on bottom layer
if ($layer_id == 0) {
my $filler = Slic3r::Fill->filler('rectilinear');
$filler->angle($Slic3r::Config->support_material_angle + 90);
foreach my $expolygon (@$islands) {
my @paths = $filler->fill_surface(
Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $expolygon),
density => 0.5,
flow_spacing => $self->print->first_layer_support_material_flow->spacing,
);
my $params = shift @paths;
push @$paths, map Slic3r::ExtrusionPath->new(
polyline => Slic3r::Polyline->new(@$_),
role => EXTR_ROLE_SUPPORTMATERIAL,
height => undef,
flow_spacing => $params->{flow_spacing},
), @paths;
}
} else {
$paths = [
$clip_pattern->($layer_id, $layers{$layer_id}, $layer->height),
$clip_pattern->($layer_id, $layers_interfaces{$layer_id}, $layer->height, 1),
];
$contact_paths = [ $clip_pattern->($layer_id, $layers_contact_areas{$layer_id}, $layer->support_material_contact_height, 1) ];
}
return ($paths, $contact_paths, $islands);
};
Slic3r::parallelize(
items => [ keys %layers ],
thread_cb => sub {
my $q = shift;
$Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper::clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
my $result = {};
while (defined (my $layer_id = $q->dequeue)) {
$result->{$layer_id} = [ $process_layer->($layer_id) ];
}
return $result;
},
collect_cb => sub {
my $result = shift;
($layer_paths{$_}, $layer_contact_paths{$_}, $layer_islands{$_}) = @{$result->{$_}} for keys %$result;
},
no_threads_cb => sub {
($layer_paths{$_}, $layer_contact_paths{$_}, $layer_islands{$_}) = $process_layer->($_) for keys %layers;
},
);
foreach my $layer_id (keys %layer_paths) {
my $layer = $self->layers->[$layer_id];
$layer->support_islands($layer_islands{$layer_id});
$layer->support_fills(Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection->new);
$layer->support_contact_fills(Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection->new);
push @{$layer->support_fills->paths}, @{$layer_paths{$layer_id}};
push @{$layer->support_contact_fills->paths}, @{$layer_contact_paths{$layer_id}};
}
}
}
1;