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PrusaSlicer-NonPlainar/src/libslic3r/SupportMaterial.cpp

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#include "ClipperUtils.hpp"
#include "ExtrusionEntityCollection.hpp"
#include "Layer.hpp"
#include "Print.hpp"
#include "SupportMaterial.hpp"
#include "Fill/FillBase.hpp"
#include "EdgeGrid.hpp"
#include "Geometry.hpp"
#include <cmath>
#include <memory>
#include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
#include <tbb/parallel_for.h>
#include <tbb/atomic.h>
#include <tbb/spin_mutex.h>
#include <tbb/task_group.h>
// #define SLIC3R_DEBUG
// Make assert active if SLIC3R_DEBUG
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
#define DEBUG
#define _DEBUG
#undef NDEBUG
#include "SVG.hpp"
#endif
// #undef NDEBUG
#include <cassert>
namespace Slic3r {
// Increment used to reach MARGIN in steps to avoid trespassing thin objects
#define NUM_MARGIN_STEPS 3
// Dimensions of a tree-like structure to save material
#define PILLAR_SIZE (2.5)
#define PILLAR_SPACING 10
//#define SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS ClipperLib::jtMiter, 3.
//#define SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS ClipperLib::jtMiter, 1.5
#define SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS ClipperLib::jtSquare, 0.
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
const char* support_surface_type_to_color_name(const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::SupporLayerType surface_type)
{
switch (surface_type) {
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltTopContact: return "rgb(255,0,0)"; // "red";
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltTopInterface: return "rgb(0,255,0)"; // "green";
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBase: return "rgb(0,0,255)"; // "blue";
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBottomInterface:return "rgb(255,255,128)"; // yellow
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBottomContact: return "rgb(255,0,255)"; // magenta
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltRaftInterface: return "rgb(0,255,255)";
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltRaftBase: return "rgb(128,128,128)";
case PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltUnknown: return "rgb(128,0,0)"; // maroon
default: return "rgb(64,64,64)";
};
}
Point export_support_surface_type_legend_to_svg_box_size()
{
return Point(scale_(1.+10.*8.), scale_(3.));
}
void export_support_surface_type_legend_to_svg(SVG &svg, const Point &pos)
{
// 1st row
coord_t pos_x0 = pos(0) + scale_(1.);
coord_t pos_x = pos_x0;
coord_t pos_y = pos(1) + scale_(1.5);
coord_t step_x = scale_(10.);
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "top contact" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltTopContact));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "top iface" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltTopInterface));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "base" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBase));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "bottom iface" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBottomInterface));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "bottom contact" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBottomContact));
// 2nd row
pos_x = pos_x0;
pos_y = pos(1)+scale_(2.8);
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "raft interface" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltRaftInterface));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "raft base" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltRaftBase));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "unknown" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltUnknown));
pos_x += step_x;
svg.draw_legend(Point(pos_x, pos_y), "intermediate" , support_surface_type_to_color_name(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltIntermediate));
}
void export_print_z_polygons_to_svg(const char *path, PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer ** const layers, size_t n_layers)
{
BoundingBox bbox;
for (int i = 0; i < n_layers; ++ i)
bbox.merge(get_extents(layers[i]->polygons));
Point legend_size = export_support_surface_type_legend_to_svg_box_size();
Point legend_pos(bbox.min(0), bbox.max(1));
bbox.merge(Point(std::max(bbox.min(0) + legend_size(0), bbox.max(0)), bbox.max(1) + legend_size(1)));
SVG svg(path, bbox);
const float transparency = 0.5f;
for (int i = 0; i < n_layers; ++ i)
svg.draw(union_ex(layers[i]->polygons), support_surface_type_to_color_name(layers[i]->layer_type), transparency);
for (int i = 0; i < n_layers; ++ i)
svg.draw(to_polylines(layers[i]->polygons), support_surface_type_to_color_name(layers[i]->layer_type));
export_support_surface_type_legend_to_svg(svg, legend_pos);
svg.Close();
}
void export_print_z_polygons_and_extrusions_to_svg(
const char *path,
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer ** const layers,
size_t n_layers,
SupportLayer &support_layer)
{
BoundingBox bbox;
for (int i = 0; i < n_layers; ++ i)
bbox.merge(get_extents(layers[i]->polygons));
Point legend_size = export_support_surface_type_legend_to_svg_box_size();
Point legend_pos(bbox.min(0), bbox.max(1));
bbox.merge(Point(std::max(bbox.min(0) + legend_size(0), bbox.max(0)), bbox.max(1) + legend_size(1)));
SVG svg(path, bbox);
const float transparency = 0.5f;
for (int i = 0; i < n_layers; ++ i)
svg.draw(union_ex(layers[i]->polygons), support_surface_type_to_color_name(layers[i]->layer_type), transparency);
for (int i = 0; i < n_layers; ++ i)
svg.draw(to_polylines(layers[i]->polygons), support_surface_type_to_color_name(layers[i]->layer_type));
Polygons polygons_support, polygons_interface;
support_layer.support_fills.polygons_covered_by_width(polygons_support, SCALED_EPSILON);
// support_layer.support_interface_fills.polygons_covered_by_width(polygons_interface, SCALED_EPSILON);
svg.draw(union_ex(polygons_support), "brown");
svg.draw(union_ex(polygons_interface), "black");
export_support_surface_type_legend_to_svg(svg, legend_pos);
svg.Close();
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::PrintObjectSupportMaterial(const PrintObject *object, const SlicingParameters &slicing_params) :
m_object (object),
m_print_config (&object->print()->config()),
m_object_config (&object->config()),
m_slicing_params (slicing_params),
m_first_layer_flow (support_material_1st_layer_flow(object, float(slicing_params.first_print_layer_height))),
m_support_material_flow (support_material_flow(object, float(slicing_params.layer_height))),
m_support_material_interface_flow(support_material_interface_flow(object, float(slicing_params.layer_height))),
m_support_layer_height_min(0.01)
{
// Calculate a minimum support layer height as a minimum over all extruders, but not smaller than 10um.
m_support_layer_height_min = 1000000.;
for (auto lh : m_print_config->min_layer_height.values)
m_support_layer_height_min = std::min(m_support_layer_height_min, std::max(0.01, lh));
if (m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers.value == 0) {
// No interface layers allowed, print everything with the base support pattern.
m_support_material_interface_flow = m_support_material_flow;
}
// Evaluate the XY gap between the object outer perimeters and the support structures.
// Evaluate the XY gap between the object outer perimeters and the support structures.
coordf_t external_perimeter_width = 0.;
for (size_t region_id = 0; region_id < object->region_volumes.size(); ++ region_id)
if (! object->region_volumes[region_id].empty())
external_perimeter_width = std::max(external_perimeter_width,
(coordf_t)object->print()->get_region(region_id)->flow(frExternalPerimeter, slicing_params.layer_height, false, false, -1, *object).width);
m_gap_xy = m_object_config->support_material_xy_spacing.get_abs_value(external_perimeter_width);
m_can_merge_support_regions = m_object_config->support_material_extruder.value == m_object_config->support_material_interface_extruder.value;
if (! m_can_merge_support_regions && (m_object_config->support_material_extruder.value == 0 || m_object_config->support_material_interface_extruder.value == 0)) {
// One of the support extruders is of "don't care" type.
auto object_extruders = m_object->print()->object_extruders();
if (object_extruders.size() == 1 &&
*object_extruders.begin() == std::max<unsigned int>(m_object_config->support_material_extruder.value, m_object_config->support_material_interface_extruder.value))
// Object is printed with the same extruder as the support.
m_can_merge_support_regions = true;
}
}
// Using the std::deque as an allocator.
inline PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer& layer_allocate(
std::deque<PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer> &layer_storage,
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::SupporLayerType layer_type)
{
layer_storage.push_back(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer());
layer_storage.back().layer_type = layer_type;
return layer_storage.back();
}
inline PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer& layer_allocate(
std::deque<PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer> &layer_storage,
tbb::spin_mutex &layer_storage_mutex,
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::SupporLayerType layer_type)
{
layer_storage_mutex.lock();
layer_storage.push_back(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer());
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer *layer_new = &layer_storage.back();
layer_storage_mutex.unlock();
layer_new->layer_type = layer_type;
return *layer_new;
}
inline void layers_append(PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr &dst, const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr &src)
{
dst.insert(dst.end(), src.begin(), src.end());
}
// Compare layers lexicographically.
struct MyLayersPtrCompare
{
bool operator()(const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer* layer1, const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer* layer2) const {
return *layer1 < *layer2;
}
};
void PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate(PrintObject &object)
{
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Start";
coordf_t max_object_layer_height = 0.;
for (size_t i = 0; i < object.layer_count(); ++ i)
max_object_layer_height = std::max(max_object_layer_height, object.layers()[i]->height);
// Layer instances will be allocated by std::deque and they will be kept until the end of this function call.
// The layers will be referenced by various LayersPtr (of type std::vector<Layer*>)
MyLayerStorage layer_storage;
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating top contacts";
// Determine the top contact surfaces of the support, defined as:
// contact = overhangs - clearance + margin
// This method is responsible for identifying what contact surfaces
// should the support material expose to the object in order to guarantee
// that it will be effective, regardless of how it's built below.
// If raft is to be generated, the 1st top_contact layer will contain the 1st object layer silhouette without holes.
MyLayersPtr top_contacts = this->top_contact_layers(object, layer_storage);
if (top_contacts.empty())
// Nothing is supported, no supports are generated.
return;
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static int iRun = 0;
iRun ++;
for (const MyLayer *layer : top_contacts)
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer->print_z),
union_ex(layer->polygons, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating bottom contacts";
// Determine the bottom contact surfaces of the supports over the top surfaces of the object.
// Depending on whether the support is soluble or not, the contact layer thickness is decided.
// layer_support_areas contains the per object layer support areas. These per object layer support areas
// may get merged and trimmed by this->generate_base_layers() if the support layers are not synchronized with object layers.
std::vector<Polygons> layer_support_areas;
MyLayersPtr bottom_contacts = this->bottom_contact_layers_and_layer_support_areas(
object, top_contacts, layer_storage,
layer_support_areas);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
for (size_t layer_id = 0; layer_id < object.layers().size(); ++ layer_id)
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-areas-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, object.layers()[layer_id]->print_z),
union_ex(layer_support_areas[layer_id], false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating intermediate layers - indices";
// Allocate empty layers between the top / bottom support contact layers
// as placeholders for the base and intermediate support layers.
// The layers may or may not be synchronized with the object layers, depending on the configuration.
// For example, a single nozzle multi material printing will need to generate a waste tower, which in turn
// wastes less material, if there are as little tool changes as possible.
MyLayersPtr intermediate_layers = this->raft_and_intermediate_support_layers(
object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, layer_storage);
// this->trim_support_layers_by_object(object, top_contacts, m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_support_layer_height_min, 0., m_gap_xy);
this->trim_support_layers_by_object(object, top_contacts,
m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value,
m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value, m_gap_xy);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
for (const MyLayer *layer : top_contacts)
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-trimmed-by-object-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer->print_z),
union_ex(layer->polygons, false));
#endif
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating base layers";
// Fill in intermediate layers between the top / bottom support contact layers, trimm them by the object.
this->generate_base_layers(object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, intermediate_layers, layer_support_areas);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
for (MyLayersPtr::const_iterator it = intermediate_layers.begin(); it != intermediate_layers.end(); ++ it)
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-base-layers-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, (*it)->print_z),
union_ex((*it)->polygons, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Trimming top contacts by bottom contacts";
// Because the top and bottom contacts are thick slabs, they may overlap causing over extrusion
// and unwanted strong bonds to the object.
// Rather trim the top contacts by their overlapping bottom contacts to leave a gap instead of over extruding
// top contacts over the bottom contacts.
this->trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(object, bottom_contacts, top_contacts);
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating interfaces";
// Propagate top / bottom contact layers to generate interface layers.
MyLayersPtr interface_layers = this->generate_interface_layers(
bottom_contacts, top_contacts, intermediate_layers, layer_storage);
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating raft";
// If raft is to be generated, the 1st top_contact layer will contain the 1st object layer silhouette with holes filled.
// There is also a 1st intermediate layer containing bases of support columns.
// Inflate the bases of the support columns and create the raft base under the object.
MyLayersPtr raft_layers = this->generate_raft_base(top_contacts, interface_layers, intermediate_layers, layer_storage);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
for (MyLayersPtr::const_iterator it = interface_layers.begin(); it != interface_layers.end(); ++ it)
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-interface-layers-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, (*it)->print_z),
union_ex((*it)->polygons, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
/*
// Clip with the pillars.
if (! shape.empty()) {
this->clip_with_shape(interface, shape);
this->clip_with_shape(base, shape);
}
*/
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Creating layers";
// For debugging purposes, one may want to show only some of the support extrusions.
// raft_layers.clear();
// bottom_contacts.clear();
// top_contacts.clear();
// intermediate_layers.clear();
// interface_layers.clear();
// Install support layers into the object.
// A support layer installed on a PrintObject has a unique print_z.
MyLayersPtr layers_sorted;
layers_sorted.reserve(raft_layers.size() + bottom_contacts.size() + top_contacts.size() + intermediate_layers.size() + interface_layers.size());
layers_append(layers_sorted, raft_layers);
layers_append(layers_sorted, bottom_contacts);
layers_append(layers_sorted, top_contacts);
layers_append(layers_sorted, intermediate_layers);
layers_append(layers_sorted, interface_layers);
// Sort the layers lexicographically by a raising print_z and a decreasing height.
std::sort(layers_sorted.begin(), layers_sorted.end(), MyLayersPtrCompare());
int layer_id = 0;
assert(object.support_layers().empty());
for (size_t i = 0; i < layers_sorted.size();) {
// Find the last layer with roughly the same print_z, find the minimum layer height of all.
// Due to the floating point inaccuracies, the print_z may not be the same even if in theory they should.
size_t j = i + 1;
coordf_t zmax = layers_sorted[i]->print_z + EPSILON;
for (; j < layers_sorted.size() && layers_sorted[j]->print_z <= zmax; ++j) ;
// Assign an average print_z to the set of layers with nearly equal print_z.
coordf_t zavg = 0.5 * (layers_sorted[i]->print_z + layers_sorted[j - 1]->print_z);
coordf_t height_min = layers_sorted[i]->height;
bool empty = true;
for (size_t u = i; u < j; ++u) {
MyLayer &layer = *layers_sorted[u];
if (! layer.polygons.empty())
empty = false;
layer.print_z = zavg;
height_min = std::min(height_min, layer.height);
}
if (! empty) {
// Here the upper_layer and lower_layer pointers are left to null at the support layers,
// as they are never used. These pointers are candidates for removal.
object.add_support_layer(layer_id ++, height_min, zavg);
}
i = j;
}
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - Generating tool paths";
// Generate the actual toolpaths and save them into each layer.
this->generate_toolpaths(object, raft_layers, bottom_contacts, top_contacts, intermediate_layers, interface_layers);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
size_t layer_id = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < int(layers_sorted.size());) {
// Find the last layer with roughly the same print_z, find the minimum layer height of all.
// Due to the floating point inaccuracies, the print_z may not be the same even if in theory they should.
int j = i + 1;
coordf_t zmax = layers_sorted[i]->print_z + EPSILON;
bool empty = true;
for (; j < layers_sorted.size() && layers_sorted[j]->print_z <= zmax; ++j)
if (! layers_sorted[j]->polygons.empty())
empty = false;
if (! empty) {
export_print_z_polygons_to_svg(
debug_out_path("support-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layers_sorted[i]->print_z).c_str(),
layers_sorted.data() + i, j - i);
export_print_z_polygons_and_extrusions_to_svg(
debug_out_path("support-w-fills-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layers_sorted[i]->print_z).c_str(),
layers_sorted.data() + i, j - i,
*object.support_layers()[layer_id]);
++layer_id;
}
i = j;
}
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Support generator - End";
}
// Collect all polygons of all regions in a layer with a given surface type.
Polygons collect_region_slices_by_type(const Layer &layer, SurfaceType surface_type)
{
// 1) Count the new polygons first.
size_t n_polygons_new = 0;
for (const LayerRegion *region : layer.regions())
for (const Surface &surface : region->slices.surfaces)
if (surface.surface_type == surface_type)
n_polygons_new += surface.expolygon.holes.size() + 1;
// 2) Collect the new polygons.
Polygons out;
out.reserve(n_polygons_new);
for (const LayerRegion *region : layer.regions())
for (const Surface &surface : region->slices.surfaces)
if (surface.surface_type == surface_type)
polygons_append(out, surface.expolygon);
return out;
}
// Collect outer contours of all slices of this layer.
// This is useful for calculating the support base with holes filled.
Polygons collect_slices_outer(const Layer &layer)
{
Polygons out;
out.reserve(out.size() + layer.lslices.size());
for (const ExPolygon &expoly : layer.lslices)
out.emplace_back(expoly.contour);
return out;
}
class SupportGridPattern
{
public:
// Achtung! The support_polygons need to be trimmed by trimming_polygons, otherwise
// the selection by island_samples (see the island_samples() method) will not work!
SupportGridPattern(
// Support islands, to be stretched into a grid. Already trimmed with min(lower_layer_offset, m_gap_xy)
const Polygons &support_polygons,
// Trimming polygons, to trim the stretched support islands. support_polygons were already trimmed with trimming_polygons.
const Polygons &trimming_polygons,
// Grid spacing, given by "support_material_spacing" + m_support_material_flow.spacing()
coordf_t support_spacing,
coordf_t support_angle) :
m_support_polygons(&support_polygons), m_trimming_polygons(&trimming_polygons),
m_support_spacing(support_spacing), m_support_angle(support_angle)
{
if (m_support_angle != 0.) {
// Create a copy of the rotated contours.
m_support_polygons_rotated = support_polygons;
m_trimming_polygons_rotated = trimming_polygons;
m_support_polygons = &m_support_polygons_rotated;
m_trimming_polygons = &m_trimming_polygons_rotated;
polygons_rotate(m_support_polygons_rotated, - support_angle);
polygons_rotate(m_trimming_polygons_rotated, - support_angle);
}
// Create an EdgeGrid, initialize it with projection, initialize signed distance field.
coord_t grid_resolution = coord_t(scale_(m_support_spacing));
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(*m_support_polygons);
bbox.offset(20);
bbox.align_to_grid(grid_resolution);
m_grid.set_bbox(bbox);
m_grid.create(*m_support_polygons, grid_resolution);
#if 0
if (m_grid.has_intersecting_edges()) {
// EdgeGrid fails to produce valid signed distance function for self-intersecting polygons.
m_support_polygons_rotated = simplify_polygons(*m_support_polygons);
m_support_polygons = &m_support_polygons_rotated;
m_grid.set_bbox(bbox);
m_grid.create(*m_support_polygons, grid_resolution);
// assert(! m_grid.has_intersecting_edges());
printf("SupportGridPattern: fixing polygons with intersection %s\n",
m_grid.has_intersecting_edges() ? "FAILED" : "SUCCEEDED");
}
#endif
m_grid.calculate_sdf();
// Sample a single point per input support polygon, keep it as a reference to maintain corresponding
// polygons if ever these polygons get split into parts by the trimming polygons.
m_island_samples = island_samples(*m_support_polygons);
}
// Extract polygons from the grid, offsetted by offset_in_grid,
// and trim the extracted polygons by trimming_polygons.
// Trimming by the trimming_polygons may split the extracted polygons into pieces.
// Remove all the pieces, which do not contain any of the island_samples.
Polygons extract_support(const coord_t offset_in_grid, bool fill_holes)
{
// Generate islands, so each island may be tested for overlap with m_island_samples.
assert(std::abs(2 * offset_in_grid) < m_grid.resolution());
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Polygons support_polygons_simplified = m_grid.contours_simplified(offset_in_grid, fill_holes);
ExPolygons islands = diff_ex(support_polygons_simplified, *m_trimming_polygons, false);
#else
ExPolygons islands = diff_ex(m_grid.contours_simplified(offset_in_grid, fill_holes), *m_trimming_polygons, false);
#endif
// Extract polygons, which contain some of the m_island_samples.
Polygons out;
for (ExPolygon &island : islands) {
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(island.contour);
// Samples are sorted lexicographically.
auto it_lower = std::lower_bound(m_island_samples.begin(), m_island_samples.end(), Point(bbox.min - Point(1, 1)));
auto it_upper = std::upper_bound(m_island_samples.begin(), m_island_samples.end(), Point(bbox.max + Point(1, 1)));
std::vector<std::pair<Point,bool>> samples_inside;
for (auto it = it_lower; it != it_upper; ++ it)
if (bbox.contains(*it))
samples_inside.push_back(std::make_pair(*it, false));
if (! samples_inside.empty()) {
// For all samples_inside count the boundary crossing.
for (size_t i_contour = 0; i_contour <= island.holes.size(); ++ i_contour) {
Polygon &contour = (i_contour == 0) ? island.contour : island.holes[i_contour - 1];
Points::const_iterator i = contour.points.begin();
Points::const_iterator j = contour.points.end() - 1;
for (; i != contour.points.end(); j = i ++) {
//FIXME this test is not numerically robust. Particularly, it does not handle horizontal segments at y == point(1) well.
// Does the ray with y == point(1) intersect this line segment?
for (auto &sample_inside : samples_inside) {
if (((*i)(1) > sample_inside.first(1)) != ((*j)(1) > sample_inside.first(1))) {
double x1 = (double)sample_inside.first(0);
double x2 = (double)(*i)(0) + (double)((*j)(0) - (*i)(0)) * (double)(sample_inside.first(1) - (*i)(1)) / (double)((*j)(1) - (*i)(1));
if (x1 < x2)
sample_inside.second = !sample_inside.second;
}
}
}
}
// If any of the sample is inside this island, add this island to the output.
for (auto &sample_inside : samples_inside)
if (sample_inside.second) {
polygons_append(out, std::move(island));
island.clear();
break;
}
}
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static int iRun = 0;
++iRun;
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(*m_trimming_polygons);
if (! islands.empty())
bbox.merge(get_extents(islands));
if (!out.empty())
bbox.merge(get_extents(out));
if (!support_polygons_simplified.empty())
bbox.merge(get_extents(support_polygons_simplified));
SVG svg(debug_out_path("extract_support_from_grid_trimmed-%d.svg", iRun).c_str(), bbox);
svg.draw(union_ex(support_polygons_simplified), "gray", 0.25f);
svg.draw(islands, "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(out), "green", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(*m_support_polygons), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw_outline(islands, "red", "red", scale_(0.05));
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(out), "green", "green", scale_(0.05));
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(*m_support_polygons), "blue", "blue", scale_(0.05));
for (const Point &pt : m_island_samples)
svg.draw(pt, "black", coord_t(scale_(0.15)));
svg.Close();
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
if (m_support_angle != 0.)
polygons_rotate(out, m_support_angle);
return out;
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
void serialize(const std::string &path)
{
FILE *file = ::fopen(path.c_str(), "wb");
::fwrite(&m_support_spacing, 8, 1, file);
::fwrite(&m_support_angle, 8, 1, file);
uint32_t n_polygons = m_support_polygons->size();
::fwrite(&n_polygons, 4, 1, file);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_polygons; ++ i) {
const Polygon &poly = (*m_support_polygons)[i];
uint32_t n_points = poly.size();
::fwrite(&n_points, 4, 1, file);
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < n_points; ++ j) {
const Point &pt = poly.points[j];
::fwrite(&pt.x(), sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
::fwrite(&pt.y(), sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
}
}
n_polygons = m_trimming_polygons->size();
::fwrite(&n_polygons, 4, 1, file);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_polygons; ++ i) {
const Polygon &poly = (*m_trimming_polygons)[i];
uint32_t n_points = poly.size();
::fwrite(&n_points, 4, 1, file);
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < n_points; ++ j) {
const Point &pt = poly.points[j];
::fwrite(&pt.x(), sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
::fwrite(&pt.y(), sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
}
}
::fclose(file);
}
static SupportGridPattern deserialize(const std::string &path, int which = -1)
{
SupportGridPattern out;
out.deserialize_(path, which);
return out;
}
// Deserialization constructor
bool deserialize_(const std::string &path, int which = -1)
{
FILE *file = ::fopen(path.c_str(), "rb");
if (file == nullptr)
return false;
m_support_polygons = &m_support_polygons_deserialized;
m_trimming_polygons = &m_trimming_polygons_deserialized;
::fread(&m_support_spacing, 8, 1, file);
::fread(&m_support_angle, 8, 1, file);
//FIXME
//m_support_spacing *= 0.01 / 2;
uint32_t n_polygons;
::fread(&n_polygons, 4, 1, file);
m_support_polygons_deserialized.reserve(n_polygons);
int32_t scale = 1;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_polygons; ++ i) {
Polygon poly;
uint32_t n_points;
::fread(&n_points, 4, 1, file);
poly.points.reserve(n_points);
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < n_points; ++ j) {
coord_t x, y;
::fread(&x, sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
::fread(&y, sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
poly.points.emplace_back(Point(x * scale, y * scale));
}
if (which == -1 || which == i)
m_support_polygons_deserialized.emplace_back(std::move(poly));
printf("Polygon %d, area: %lf\n", i, area(poly.points));
}
::fread(&n_polygons, 4, 1, file);
m_trimming_polygons_deserialized.reserve(n_polygons);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_polygons; ++ i) {
Polygon poly;
uint32_t n_points;
::fread(&n_points, 4, 1, file);
poly.points.reserve(n_points);
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < n_points; ++ j) {
coord_t x, y;
::fread(&x, sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
::fread(&y, sizeof(coord_t), 1, file);
poly.points.emplace_back(Point(x * scale, y * scale));
}
m_trimming_polygons_deserialized.emplace_back(std::move(poly));
}
::fclose(file);
m_support_polygons_deserialized = simplify_polygons(m_support_polygons_deserialized, false);
//m_support_polygons_deserialized = to_polygons(union_ex(m_support_polygons_deserialized, false));
// Create an EdgeGrid, initialize it with projection, initialize signed distance field.
coord_t grid_resolution = coord_t(scale_(m_support_spacing));
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(*m_support_polygons);
bbox.offset(20);
bbox.align_to_grid(grid_resolution);
m_grid.set_bbox(bbox);
m_grid.create(*m_support_polygons, grid_resolution);
m_grid.calculate_sdf();
// Sample a single point per input support polygon, keep it as a reference to maintain corresponding
// polygons if ever these polygons get split into parts by the trimming polygons.
m_island_samples = island_samples(*m_support_polygons);
return true;
}
const Polygons& support_polygons() const { return *m_support_polygons; }
const Polygons& trimming_polygons() const { return *m_trimming_polygons; }
const EdgeGrid::Grid& grid() const { return m_grid; }
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
private:
SupportGridPattern() {}
SupportGridPattern& operator=(const SupportGridPattern &rhs);
#if 0
// Get some internal point of an expolygon, to be used as a representative
// sample to test, whether this island is inside another island.
//FIXME this was quick, but not sufficiently robust.
static Point island_sample(const ExPolygon &expoly)
{
// Find the lowest point lexicographically.
const Point *pt_min = &expoly.contour.points.front();
for (size_t i = 1; i < expoly.contour.points.size(); ++ i)
if (expoly.contour.points[i] < *pt_min)
pt_min = &expoly.contour.points[i];
// Lowest corner will always be convex, in worst case denegenerate with zero angle.
const Point &p1 = (pt_min == &expoly.contour.points.front()) ? expoly.contour.points.back() : *(pt_min - 1);
const Point &p2 = *pt_min;
const Point &p3 = (pt_min == &expoly.contour.points.back()) ? expoly.contour.points.front() : *(pt_min + 1);
Vector v = (p3 - p2) + (p1 - p2);
double l2 = double(v(0))*double(v(0))+double(v(1))*double(v(1));
if (l2 == 0.)
return p2;
double coef = 20. / sqrt(l2);
return Point(p2(0) + coef * v(0), p2(1) + coef * v(1));
}
#endif
// Sample one internal point per expolygon.
// FIXME this is quite an overkill to calculate a complete offset just to get a single point, but at least it is robust.
static Points island_samples(const ExPolygons &expolygons)
{
Points pts;
pts.reserve(expolygons.size());
for (const ExPolygon &expoly : expolygons)
if (expoly.contour.points.size() > 2) {
#if 0
pts.push_back(island_sample(expoly));
#else
Polygons polygons = offset(expoly, - 20.f);
for (const Polygon &poly : polygons)
if (! poly.points.empty()) {
pts.push_back(poly.points.front());
break;
}
#endif
}
// Sort the points lexicographically, so a binary search could be used to locate points inside a bounding box.
std::sort(pts.begin(), pts.end());
return pts;
}
static Points island_samples(const Polygons &polygons)
{
return island_samples(union_ex(polygons));
}
const Polygons *m_support_polygons;
const Polygons *m_trimming_polygons;
Polygons m_support_polygons_rotated;
Polygons m_trimming_polygons_rotated;
// Angle in radians, by which the whole support is rotated.
coordf_t m_support_angle;
// X spacing of the support lines parallel with the Y axis.
coordf_t m_support_spacing;
Slic3r::EdgeGrid::Grid m_grid;
// Internal sample points of supporting expolygons. These internal points are used to pick regions corresponding
// to the initial supporting regions, after these regions werre grown and possibly split to many by the trimming polygons.
Points m_island_samples;
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
// support for deserialization of m_support_polygons, m_trimming_polygons
Polygons m_support_polygons_deserialized;
Polygons m_trimming_polygons_deserialized;
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
};
namespace SupportMaterialInternal {
static inline bool has_bridging_perimeters(const ExtrusionLoop &loop)
{
for (const ExtrusionPath &ep : loop.paths)
if (ep.role() == erOverhangPerimeter && ! ep.polyline.empty())
return ep.size() >= (ep.is_closed() ? 3 : 2);
return false;
}
static bool has_bridging_perimeters(const ExtrusionEntityCollection &perimeters)
{
for (const ExtrusionEntity *ee : perimeters.entities) {
if (ee->is_collection()) {
for (const ExtrusionEntity *ee2 : static_cast<const ExtrusionEntityCollection*>(ee)->entities) {
assert(! ee2->is_collection());
if (ee2->is_loop())
if (has_bridging_perimeters(*static_cast<const ExtrusionLoop*>(ee2)))
return true;
}
} else if (ee->is_loop() && has_bridging_perimeters(*static_cast<const ExtrusionLoop*>(ee)))
return true;
}
return false;
}
static bool has_bridging_fills(const ExtrusionEntityCollection &fills)
{
for (const ExtrusionEntity *ee : fills.entities) {
assert(ee->is_collection());
for (const ExtrusionEntity *ee2 : static_cast<const ExtrusionEntityCollection*>(ee)->entities) {
assert(! ee2->is_collection());
assert(! ee2->is_loop());
if (ee2->role() == erBridgeInfill)
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
static bool has_bridging_extrusions(const Layer &layer)
{
for (const LayerRegion *region : layer.regions()) {
if (SupportMaterialInternal::has_bridging_perimeters(region->perimeters))
return true;
if (region->fill_surfaces.has(stBottomBridge) && has_bridging_fills(region->fills))
return true;
}
return false;
}
static inline void collect_bridging_perimeter_areas(const ExtrusionLoop &loop, const float expansion_scaled, Polygons &out)
{
assert(expansion_scaled >= 0.f);
for (const ExtrusionPath &ep : loop.paths)
if (ep.role() == erOverhangPerimeter && ! ep.polyline.empty()) {
float exp = 0.5f * (float)scale_(ep.width) + expansion_scaled;
if (ep.is_closed()) {
if (ep.size() >= 3) {
// This is a complete loop.
// Add the outer contour first.
Polygon poly;
poly.points = ep.polyline.points;
poly.points.pop_back();
if (poly.area() < 0)
poly.reverse();
polygons_append(out, offset(poly, exp, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
Polygons holes = offset(poly, - exp, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS);
polygons_reverse(holes);
polygons_append(out, holes);
}
} else if (ep.size() >= 2) {
// Offset the polyline.
polygons_append(out, offset(ep.polyline, exp, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
}
}
}
static void collect_bridging_perimeter_areas(const ExtrusionEntityCollection &perimeters, const float expansion_scaled, Polygons &out)
{
for (const ExtrusionEntity *ee : perimeters.entities) {
if (ee->is_collection()) {
for (const ExtrusionEntity *ee2 : static_cast<const ExtrusionEntityCollection*>(ee)->entities) {
assert(! ee2->is_collection());
if (ee2->is_loop())
collect_bridging_perimeter_areas(*static_cast<const ExtrusionLoop*>(ee2), expansion_scaled, out);
}
} else if (ee->is_loop())
collect_bridging_perimeter_areas(*static_cast<const ExtrusionLoop*>(ee), expansion_scaled, out);
}
}
static void remove_bridges_from_contacts(
const PrintConfig &print_config,
const Layer &lower_layer,
const Polygons &lower_layer_polygons,
LayerRegion *layerm,
float fw,
Polygons &contact_polygons)
{
// compute the area of bridging perimeters
Polygons bridges;
{
// Surface supporting this layer, expanded by 0.5 * nozzle_diameter, as we consider this kind of overhang to be sufficiently supported.
Polygons lower_grown_slices = offset(lower_layer_polygons,
//FIXME to mimic the decision in the perimeter generator, we should use half the external perimeter width.
0.5f * float(scale_(print_config.nozzle_diameter.get_at(layerm->region()->config().perimeter_extruder-1))),
SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS);
// Collect perimeters of this layer.
//FIXME split_at_first_point() could split a bridge mid-way
#if 0
Polylines overhang_perimeters = layerm->perimeters.as_polylines();
// workaround for Clipper bug, see Slic3r::Polygon::clip_as_polyline()
for (Polyline &polyline : overhang_perimeters)
polyline.points[0].x += 1;
// Trim the perimeters of this layer by the lower layer to get the unsupported pieces of perimeters.
overhang_perimeters = diff_pl(overhang_perimeters, lower_grown_slices);
#else
Polylines overhang_perimeters = diff_pl(layerm->perimeters.as_polylines(), lower_grown_slices);
#endif
// only consider straight overhangs
// only consider overhangs having endpoints inside layer's slices
// convert bridging polylines into polygons by inflating them with their thickness
// since we're dealing with bridges, we can't assume width is larger than spacing,
// so we take the largest value and also apply safety offset to be ensure no gaps
// are left in between
Flow bridge_flow = layerm->flow(frPerimeter, true);
float w = float(std::max(bridge_flow.scaled_width(), bridge_flow.scaled_spacing()));
for (Polyline &polyline : overhang_perimeters)
if (polyline.is_straight()) {
// This is a bridge
polyline.extend_start(fw);
polyline.extend_end(fw);
// Is the straight perimeter segment supported at both sides?
Point pts[2] = { polyline.first_point(), polyline.last_point() };
bool supported[2] = { false, false };
for (size_t i = 0; i < lower_layer.lslices.size() && ! (supported[0] && supported[1]); ++ i)
for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++ j)
if (! supported[j] && lower_layer.lslices_bboxes[i].contains(pts[j]) && lower_layer.lslices[i].contains(pts[j]))
supported[j] = true;
if (supported[0] && supported[1])
// Offset a polyline into a thick line.
polygons_append(bridges, offset(polyline, 0.5f * w + 10.f));
}
bridges = union_(bridges);
}
// remove the entire bridges and only support the unsupported edges
//FIXME the brided regions are already collected as layerm->bridged. Use it?
for (const Surface &surface : layerm->fill_surfaces.surfaces)
if (surface.surface_type == stBottomBridge && surface.bridge_angle != -1)
polygons_append(bridges, surface.expolygon);
//FIXME add the gap filled areas. Extrude the gaps with a bridge flow?
// Remove the unsupported ends of the bridges from the bridged areas.
//FIXME add supports at regular intervals to support long bridges!
bridges = diff(bridges,
// Offset unsupported edges into polygons.
offset(layerm->unsupported_bridge_edges, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN), SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
// Remove bridged areas from the supported areas.
contact_polygons = diff(contact_polygons, bridges, true);
}
}
#if 0
static int Test()
{
// for (int i = 0; i < 30; ++ i)
{
int i = -1;
// SupportGridPattern grid("d:\\temp\\support-top-contacts-final-run1-layer460-z70.300000-prev.bin", i);
// SupportGridPattern grid("d:\\temp\\support-top-contacts-final-run1-layer460-z70.300000.bin", i);
auto grid = SupportGridPattern::deserialize("d:\\temp\\support-top-contacts-final-run1-layer27-z5.650000.bin", i);
std::vector<std::pair<EdgeGrid::Grid::ContourEdge, EdgeGrid::Grid::ContourEdge>> intersections = grid.grid().intersecting_edges();
if (! intersections.empty())
printf("Intersections between contours!\n");
Slic3r::export_intersections_to_svg("d:\\temp\\support_polygon_intersections.svg", grid.support_polygons());
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons("d:\\temp\\support_polygons.svg", union_ex(grid.support_polygons(), false));
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons("d:\\temp\\trimming_polygons.svg", union_ex(grid.trimming_polygons(), false));
Polygons extracted = grid.extract_support(scale_(0.21 / 2), true);
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons("d:\\temp\\extracted.svg", union_ex(extracted, false));
printf("hu!");
}
return 0;
}
static int run_support_test = Test();
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Generate top contact layers supporting overhangs.
// For a soluble interface material synchronize the layer heights with the object, otherwise leave the layer height undefined.
// If supports over bed surface only are requested, don't generate contact layers over an object.
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintObjectSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers(
const PrintObject &object, MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const
{
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static int iRun = 0;
++ iRun;
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Slice support enforcers / support blockers.
std::vector<ExPolygons> enforcers = object.slice_support_enforcers();
std::vector<ExPolygons> blockers = object.slice_support_blockers();
// Append custom supports.
object.project_and_append_custom_facets(false, EnforcerBlockerType::ENFORCER, enforcers);
object.project_and_append_custom_facets(false, EnforcerBlockerType::BLOCKER, blockers);
// Output layers, sorted by top Z.
MyLayersPtr contact_out;
const bool support_auto = m_object_config->support_material_auto.value;
// If user specified a custom angle threshold, convert it to radians.
// Zero means automatic overhang detection.
const double threshold_rad = (m_object_config->support_material_threshold.value > 0) ?
M_PI * double(m_object_config->support_material_threshold.value + 1) / 180. : // +1 makes the threshold inclusive
0.;
// Build support on a build plate only? If so, then collect and union all the surfaces below the current layer.
// Unfortunately this is an inherently serial process.
const bool buildplate_only = this->build_plate_only();
std::vector<Polygons> buildplate_covered;
if (buildplate_only) {
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers() - collecting regions covering the print bed.";
buildplate_covered.assign(object.layers().size(), Polygons());
for (size_t layer_id = 1; layer_id < object.layers().size(); ++ layer_id) {
const Layer &lower_layer = *object.layers()[layer_id-1];
// Merge the new slices with the preceding slices.
// Apply the safety offset to the newly added polygons, so they will connect
// with the polygons collected before,
// but don't apply the safety offset during the union operation as it would
// inflate the polygons over and over.
Polygons &covered = buildplate_covered[layer_id];
covered = buildplate_covered[layer_id - 1];
polygons_append(covered, offset(lower_layer.lslices, scale_(0.01)));
covered = union_(covered, false); // don't apply the safety offset.
}
}
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers() in parallel - start";
// Determine top contact areas.
// If generating raft only (no support), only calculate top contact areas for the 0th layer.
// If having a raft, start with 0th layer, otherwise with 1st layer.
// Note that layer_id < layer->id when raft_layers > 0 as the layer->id incorporates the raft layers.
// So layer_id == 0 means first object layer and layer->id == 0 means first print layer if there are no explicit raft layers.
size_t num_layers = this->has_support() ? object.layer_count() : 1;
// For each overhang layer, two supporting layers may be generated: One for the overhangs extruded with a bridging flow,
// and the other for the overhangs extruded with a normal flow.
contact_out.assign(num_layers * 2, nullptr);
tbb::spin_mutex layer_storage_mutex;
tbb::parallel_for(tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(this->has_raft() ? 0 : 1, num_layers),
[this, &object, &buildplate_covered, &enforcers, &blockers, support_auto, threshold_rad, &layer_storage, &layer_storage_mutex, &contact_out]
(const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
for (size_t layer_id = range.begin(); layer_id < range.end(); ++ layer_id)
{
const Layer &layer = *object.layers()[layer_id];
// Detect overhangs and contact areas needed to support them.
// Collect overhangs and contacts of all regions of this layer supported by the layer immediately below.
Polygons overhang_polygons;
Polygons contact_polygons;
Polygons slices_margin_cached;
float slices_margin_cached_offset = -1.;
Polygons lower_layer_polygons = (layer_id == 0) ? Polygons() : to_polygons(object.layers()[layer_id-1]->lslices);
// Offset of the lower layer, to trim the support polygons with to calculate dense supports.
float no_interface_offset = 0.f;
if (layer_id == 0) {
// This is the first object layer, so the object is being printed on a raft and
// we're here just to get the object footprint for the raft.
// We only consider contours and discard holes to get a more continuous raft.
overhang_polygons = collect_slices_outer(layer);
// Extend by SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN, which is 1.5mm
contact_polygons = offset(overhang_polygons, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN));
} else {
// Generate overhang / contact_polygons for non-raft layers.
const Layer &lower_layer = *object.layers()[layer_id-1];
for (LayerRegion *layerm : layer.regions()) {
// Extrusion width accounts for the roundings of the extrudates.
// It is the maximum widh of the extrudate.
float fw = float(layerm->flow(frExternalPerimeter).scaled_width());
no_interface_offset = (no_interface_offset == 0.f) ? fw : std::min(no_interface_offset, fw);
float lower_layer_offset =
(layer_id < (size_t)m_object_config->support_material_enforce_layers.value) ?
// Enforce a full possible support, ignore the overhang angle.
0.f :
(threshold_rad > 0. ?
// Overhang defined by an angle.
float(scale_(lower_layer.height / tan(threshold_rad))) :
// Overhang defined by half the extrusion width.
0.5f * fw);
// Overhang polygons for this layer and region.
Polygons diff_polygons;
Polygons layerm_polygons = to_polygons(layerm->slices);
if (lower_layer_offset == 0.f) {
// Support everything.
diff_polygons = diff(layerm_polygons, lower_layer_polygons);
if (! buildplate_covered.empty()) {
// Don't support overhangs above the top surfaces.
// This step is done before the contact surface is calculated by growing the overhang region.
diff_polygons = diff(diff_polygons, buildplate_covered[layer_id]);
}
} else {
if (support_auto) {
// Get the regions needing a suport, collapse very tiny spots.
//FIXME cache the lower layer offset if this layer has multiple regions.
#if 1
diff_polygons = offset2(
diff(layerm_polygons,
offset2(lower_layer_polygons, - 0.5f * fw, lower_layer_offset + 0.5f * fw, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS)),
//FIXME This offset2 is targeted to reduce very thin regions to support, but it may lead to
// no support at all for not so steep overhangs.
- 0.1f * fw, 0.1f * fw);
#else
diff_polygons =
diff(layerm_polygons,
offset(lower_layer_polygons, lower_layer_offset, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
#endif
if (! buildplate_covered.empty()) {
// Don't support overhangs above the top surfaces.
// This step is done before the contact surface is calculated by growing the overhang region.
diff_polygons = diff(diff_polygons, buildplate_covered[layer_id]);
}
if (! diff_polygons.empty()) {
// Offset the support regions back to a full overhang, restrict them to the full overhang.
// This is done to increase size of the supporting columns below, as they are calculated by
// propagating these contact surfaces downwards.
diff_polygons = diff(
intersection(offset(diff_polygons, lower_layer_offset, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS), layerm_polygons),
lower_layer_polygons);
}
}
if (! enforcers.empty()) {
// Apply the "support enforcers".
//FIXME add the "enforcers" to the sparse support regions only.
const ExPolygons &enforcer = enforcers[layer_id];
if (! enforcer.empty()) {
// Enforce supports (as if with 90 degrees of slope) for the regions covered by the enforcer meshes.
Polygons new_contacts = diff(intersection(layerm_polygons, to_polygons(std::move(enforcer))),
offset(lower_layer_polygons, 0.05f * fw, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
if (! new_contacts.empty()) {
if (diff_polygons.empty())
diff_polygons = std::move(new_contacts);
else
diff_polygons = union_(diff_polygons, new_contacts);
}
}
}
}
if (diff_polygons.empty())
continue;
// Apply the "support blockers".
if (! blockers.empty() && ! blockers[layer_id].empty()) {
// Expand the blocker a bit. Custom blockers produce strips
// spanning just the projection between the two slices.
// Subtracting them as they are may leave unwanted narrow
// residues of diff_polygons that would then be supported.
diff_polygons = diff(diff_polygons,
offset(union_(to_polygons(std::move(blockers[layer_id]))),
1000.*SCALED_EPSILON));
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-raw-run%d-layer%d-region%d.svg",
iRun, layer_id,
std::find_if(layer.regions().begin(), layer.regions().end(), [layerm](const LayerRegion* other){return other == layerm;}) - layer.regions().begin()),
get_extents(diff_polygons));
Slic3r::ExPolygons expolys = union_ex(diff_polygons, false);
svg.draw(expolys);
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
if (this->m_object_config->dont_support_bridges)
SupportMaterialInternal::remove_bridges_from_contacts(
*m_print_config, lower_layer, lower_layer_polygons, layerm, fw, diff_polygons);
if (diff_polygons.empty())
continue;
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-filtered-run%d-layer%d-region%d-z%f.svg",
iRun, layer_id,
std::find_if(layer.regions().begin(), layer.regions().end(), [layerm](const LayerRegion* other){return other == layerm;}) - layer.regions().begin(),
layer.print_z),
union_ex(diff_polygons, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
//FIXME the overhang_polygons are used to construct the support towers as well.
//if (this->has_contact_loops())
// Store the exact contour of the overhang for the contact loops.
polygons_append(overhang_polygons, diff_polygons);
// Let's define the required contact area by using a max gap of half the upper
// extrusion width and extending the area according to the configured margin.
// We increment the area in steps because we don't want our support to overflow
// on the other side of the object (if it's very thin).
{
//FIMXE 1) Make the offset configurable, 2) Make the Z span configurable.
//FIXME one should trim with the layer span colliding with the support layer, this layer
// may be lower than lower_layer, so the support area needed may need to be actually bigger!
// For the same reason, the non-bridging support area may be smaller than the bridging support area!
float slices_margin_offset = std::min(lower_layer_offset, float(scale_(m_gap_xy)));
if (slices_margin_cached_offset != slices_margin_offset) {
slices_margin_cached_offset = slices_margin_offset;
slices_margin_cached = (slices_margin_offset == 0.f) ?
lower_layer_polygons :
offset2(to_polygons(lower_layer.lslices), - no_interface_offset * 0.5f, slices_margin_offset + no_interface_offset * 0.5f, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS);
if (! buildplate_covered.empty()) {
// Trim the inflated contact surfaces by the top surfaces as well.
polygons_append(slices_margin_cached, buildplate_covered[layer_id]);
slices_margin_cached = union_(slices_margin_cached);
}
}
// Offset the contact polygons outside.
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_MARGIN_STEPS; ++ i) {
diff_polygons = diff(
offset(
diff_polygons,
SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN / NUM_MARGIN_STEPS,
ClipperLib::jtRound,
// round mitter limit
scale_(0.05)),
slices_margin_cached);
}
}
polygons_append(contact_polygons, diff_polygons);
} // for each layer.region
} // end of Generate overhang/contact_polygons for non-raft layers.
// Now apply the contact areas to the layer where they need to be made.
if (! contact_polygons.empty()) {
MyLayer &new_layer = layer_allocate(layer_storage, layer_storage_mutex, sltTopContact);
new_layer.idx_object_layer_above = layer_id;
MyLayer *bridging_layer = nullptr;
if (layer_id == 0) {
// This is a raft contact layer sitting directly on the print bed.
assert(this->has_raft());
new_layer.print_z = m_slicing_params.raft_contact_top_z;
new_layer.bottom_z = m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z;
new_layer.height = m_slicing_params.contact_raft_layer_height;
} else if (m_slicing_params.soluble_interface) {
// Align the contact surface height with a layer immediately below the supported layer.
// Interface layer will be synchronized with the object.
new_layer.print_z = layer.print_z - layer.height;
new_layer.height = object.layers()[layer_id - 1]->height;
new_layer.bottom_z = (layer_id == 1) ? m_slicing_params.object_print_z_min : object.layers()[layer_id - 2]->print_z;
} else {
new_layer.print_z = layer.print_z - layer.height - m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance;
new_layer.bottom_z = new_layer.print_z;
new_layer.height = 0.;
// Ignore this contact area if it's too low.
// Don't want to print a layer below the first layer height as it may not stick well.
//FIXME there may be a need for a single layer support, then one may decide to print it either as a bottom contact or a top contact
// and it may actually make sense to do it with a thinner layer than the first layer height.
if (new_layer.print_z < m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height - EPSILON) {
// This contact layer is below the first layer height, therefore not printable. Don't support this surface.
continue;
} else if (new_layer.print_z < m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height + EPSILON) {
// Align the layer with the 1st layer height.
new_layer.print_z = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
new_layer.bottom_z = 0;
new_layer.height = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
} else {
// Don't know the height of the top contact layer yet. The top contact layer is printed with a normal flow and
// its height will be set adaptively later on.
}
// Contact layer will be printed with a normal flow, but
// it will support layers printed with a bridging flow.
if (SupportMaterialInternal::has_bridging_extrusions(layer)) {
coordf_t bridging_height = 0.;
for (const LayerRegion *region : layer.regions())
bridging_height += region->region()->bridging_height_avg(*m_print_config);
bridging_height /= coordf_t(layer.regions().size());
coordf_t bridging_print_z = layer.print_z - bridging_height - m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance;
if (bridging_print_z >= m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height - EPSILON) {
// Not below the first layer height means this layer is printable.
if (new_layer.print_z < m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height + EPSILON) {
// Align the layer with the 1st layer height.
bridging_print_z = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
}
if (bridging_print_z < new_layer.print_z - EPSILON) {
// Allocate the new layer.
bridging_layer = &layer_allocate(layer_storage, layer_storage_mutex, sltTopContact);
bridging_layer->idx_object_layer_above = layer_id;
bridging_layer->print_z = bridging_print_z;
if (bridging_print_z == m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height) {
bridging_layer->bottom_z = 0;
bridging_layer->height = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
} else {
// Don't know the height yet.
bridging_layer->bottom_z = bridging_print_z;
bridging_layer->height = 0;
}
}
}
}
}
// Achtung! The contact_polygons need to be trimmed by slices_margin_cached, otherwise
// the selection by island_samples (see the SupportGridPattern::island_samples() method) will not work!
SupportGridPattern support_grid_pattern(
// Support islands, to be stretched into a grid.
contact_polygons,
// Trimming polygons, to trim the stretched support islands.
slices_margin_cached,
// Grid resolution.
m_object_config->support_material_spacing.value + m_support_material_flow.spacing(),
Geometry::deg2rad(m_object_config->support_material_angle.value));
// 1) Contact polygons will be projected down. To keep the interface and base layers from growing, return a contour a tiny bit smaller than the grid cells.
new_layer.contact_polygons = new Polygons(support_grid_pattern.extract_support(-3, true));
// 2) infill polygons, expand them by half the extrusion width + a tiny bit of extra.
if (layer_id == 0 || m_slicing_params.soluble_interface) {
// if (no_interface_offset == 0.f) {
new_layer.polygons = support_grid_pattern.extract_support(m_support_material_flow.scaled_spacing()/2 + 5, true);
} else {
// Reduce the amount of dense interfaces: Do not generate dense interfaces below overhangs with 60% overhang of the extrusions.
Polygons dense_interface_polygons = diff(overhang_polygons,
offset2(lower_layer_polygons, - no_interface_offset * 0.5f, no_interface_offset * (0.6f + 0.5f), SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
if (! dense_interface_polygons.empty()) {
dense_interface_polygons =
// Achtung! The dense_interface_polygons need to be trimmed by slices_margin_cached, otherwise
// the selection by island_samples (see the SupportGridPattern::island_samples() method) will not work!
diff(
// Regularize the contour.
offset(dense_interface_polygons, no_interface_offset * 0.1f),
slices_margin_cached);
SupportGridPattern support_grid_pattern(
// Support islands, to be stretched into a grid.
dense_interface_polygons,
// Trimming polygons, to trim the stretched support islands.
slices_margin_cached,
// Grid resolution.
m_object_config->support_material_spacing.value + m_support_material_flow.spacing(),
Geometry::deg2rad(m_object_config->support_material_angle.value));
new_layer.polygons = support_grid_pattern.extract_support(m_support_material_flow.scaled_spacing()/2 + 5, false);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
support_grid_pattern.serialize(debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-final-run%d-layer%d-z%f.bin", iRun, layer_id, layer.print_z));
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(contact_polygons);
bbox.merge(get_extents(new_layer.polygons));
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-final0-run%d-layer%d-z%f.svg", iRun, layer_id, layer.print_z));
svg.draw(union_ex(*new_layer.contact_polygons, false), "gray", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(contact_polygons, false), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(dense_interface_polygons, false), "green", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(new_layer.polygons, true), "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(new_layer.polygons, true), "black", "black", scale_(0.1f));
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
}
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(contact_polygons);
bbox.merge(get_extents(new_layer.polygons));
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-top-contacts-final-run%d-layer%d-z%f.svg", iRun, layer_id, layer.print_z));
svg.draw(union_ex(*new_layer.contact_polygons, false), "gray", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(contact_polygons, false), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(overhang_polygons, false), "green", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(new_layer.polygons, true), "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(new_layer.polygons, true), "black", "black", scale_(0.1f));
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Even after the contact layer was expanded into a grid, some of the contact islands may be too tiny to be extruded.
// Remove those tiny islands from new_layer.polygons and new_layer.contact_polygons.
// Store the overhang polygons.
// The overhang polygons are used in the path generator for planning of the contact loops.
// if (this->has_contact_loops()). Compared to "polygons", "overhang_polygons" are snug.
new_layer.overhang_polygons = new Polygons(std::move(overhang_polygons));
contact_out[layer_id * 2] = &new_layer;
if (bridging_layer != nullptr) {
bridging_layer->polygons = new_layer.polygons;
bridging_layer->contact_polygons = new Polygons(*new_layer.contact_polygons);
bridging_layer->overhang_polygons = new Polygons(*new_layer.overhang_polygons);
contact_out[layer_id * 2 + 1] = bridging_layer;
}
}
}
});
// Compress contact_out, remove the nullptr items.
remove_nulls(contact_out);
// Sort the layers, as one layer may produce bridging and non-bridging contact layers with different print_z.
std::sort(contact_out.begin(), contact_out.end(), [](const MyLayer *l1, const MyLayer *l2) { return l1->print_z < l2->print_z; });
// Merge close contact layers conservatively: If two layers are closer than the minimum allowed print layer height (the min_layer_height parameter),
// the top contact layer is merged into the bottom contact layer.
{
int i = 0;
int k = 0;
{
// Find the span of layers, which are to be printed at the first layer height.
int j = 0;
for (; j < (int)contact_out.size() && contact_out[j]->print_z < m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height + this->m_support_layer_height_min - EPSILON; ++ j);
if (j > 0) {
// Merge the contact_out layers (0) to (j - 1) into the contact_out[0].
MyLayer &dst = *contact_out.front();
for (int u = 1; u < j; ++ u) {
MyLayer &src = *contact_out[u];
// The union_() does not support move semantic yet, but maybe one day it will.
dst.polygons = union_(dst.polygons, std::move(src.polygons));
*dst.contact_polygons = union_(*dst.contact_polygons, std::move(*src.contact_polygons));
*dst.overhang_polygons = union_(*dst.overhang_polygons, std::move(*src.overhang_polygons));
// Source polygon is no more needed, it will not be refrenced. Release its data.
src.reset();
}
// Snap the first layer to the 1st layer height.
dst.print_z = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
dst.height = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
dst.bottom_z = 0;
++ k;
}
i = j;
}
for (; i < int(contact_out.size()); ++ k) {
// Find the span of layers closer than m_support_layer_height_min.
int j = i + 1;
coordf_t zmax = contact_out[i]->print_z + m_support_layer_height_min + EPSILON;
for (; j < (int)contact_out.size() && contact_out[j]->print_z < zmax; ++ j) ;
if (i + 1 < j) {
// Merge the contact_out layers (i + 1) to (j - 1) into the contact_out[i].
MyLayer &dst = *contact_out[i];
for (int u = i + 1; u < j; ++ u) {
MyLayer &src = *contact_out[u];
// The union_() does not support move semantic yet, but maybe one day it will.
dst.polygons = union_(dst.polygons, std::move(src.polygons));
*dst.contact_polygons = union_(*dst.contact_polygons, std::move(*src.contact_polygons));
*dst.overhang_polygons = union_(*dst.overhang_polygons, std::move(*src.overhang_polygons));
// Source polygon is no more needed, it will not be refrenced. Release its data.
src.reset();
}
}
if (k < i)
contact_out[k] = contact_out[i];
i = j;
}
if (k < (int)contact_out.size())
contact_out.erase(contact_out.begin() + k, contact_out.end());
}
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::top_contact_layers() in parallel - end";
return contact_out;
}
// Generate bottom contact layers supporting the top contact layers.
// For a soluble interface material synchronize the layer heights with the object,
// otherwise set the layer height to a bridging flow of a support interface nozzle.
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintObjectSupportMaterial::bottom_contact_layers_and_layer_support_areas(
const PrintObject &object, const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts, MyLayerStorage &layer_storage,
std::vector<Polygons> &layer_support_areas) const
{
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static int iRun = 0;
++ iRun;
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Allocate empty surface areas, one per object layer.
layer_support_areas.assign(object.total_layer_count(), Polygons());
// find object top surfaces
// we'll use them to clip our support and detect where does it stick
MyLayersPtr bottom_contacts;
if (! top_contacts.empty())
{
// There is some support to be built, if there are non-empty top surfaces detected.
// Sum of unsupported contact areas above the current layer.print_z.
Polygons projection;
// Last top contact layer visited when collecting the projection of contact areas.
int contact_idx = int(top_contacts.size()) - 1;
for (int layer_id = int(object.total_layer_count()) - 2; layer_id >= 0; -- layer_id) {
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace) << "Support generator - bottom_contact_layers - layer " << layer_id;
const Layer &layer = *object.get_layer(layer_id);
// Collect projections of all contact areas above or at the same level as this top surface.
for (; contact_idx >= 0 && top_contacts[contact_idx]->print_z > layer.print_z - EPSILON; -- contact_idx) {
Polygons polygons_new;
// Contact surfaces are expanded away from the object, trimmed by the object.
// Use a slight positive offset to overlap the touching regions.
#if 0
// Merge and collect the contact polygons. The contact polygons are inflated, but not extended into a grid form.
polygons_append(polygons_new, offset(*top_contacts[contact_idx]->contact_polygons, SCALED_EPSILON));
#else
// Consume the contact_polygons. The contact polygons are already expanded into a grid form, and they are a tiny bit smaller
// than the grid cells.
polygons_append(polygons_new, std::move(*top_contacts[contact_idx]->contact_polygons));
#endif
// These are the overhang surfaces. They are touching the object and they are not expanded away from the object.
// Use a slight positive offset to overlap the touching regions.
polygons_append(polygons_new, offset(*top_contacts[contact_idx]->overhang_polygons, float(SCALED_EPSILON)));
polygons_append(projection, union_(polygons_new));
}
if (projection.empty())
continue;
Polygons projection_raw = union_(projection);
tbb::task_group task_group;
if (! m_object_config->support_material_buildplate_only)
// Find the bottom contact layers above the top surfaces of this layer.
task_group.run([this, &object, &top_contacts, contact_idx, &layer, layer_id, &layer_storage, &layer_support_areas, &bottom_contacts, &projection_raw] {
Polygons top = collect_region_slices_by_type(layer, stTop);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(projection_raw);
bbox.merge(get_extents(top));
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-bottom-layers-raw-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z), bbox);
svg.draw(union_ex(top, false), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(projection_raw, true), "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(projection_raw, true), "red", "blue", scale_(0.1f));
svg.draw(layer.lslices, "green", 0.5f);
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Now find whether any projection of the contact surfaces above layer.print_z not yet supported by any
// top surfaces above layer.print_z falls onto this top surface.
// Touching are the contact surfaces supported exclusively by this top surfaces.
// Don't use a safety offset as it has been applied during insertion of polygons.
if (! top.empty()) {
Polygons touching = intersection(top, projection_raw, false);
if (! touching.empty()) {
// Allocate a new bottom contact layer.
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltBottomContact);
bottom_contacts.push_back(&layer_new);
// Grow top surfaces so that interface and support generation are generated
// with some spacing from object - it looks we don't need the actual
// top shapes so this can be done here
//FIXME calculate layer height based on the actual thickness of the layer:
// If the layer is extruded with no bridging flow, support just the normal extrusions.
layer_new.height = m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ?
// Align the interface layer with the object's layer height.
object.layers()[layer_id + 1]->height :
// Place a bridge flow interface layer over the top surface.
//FIXME Check whether the bottom bridging surfaces are extruded correctly (no bridging flow correction applied?)
// According to Jindrich the bottom surfaces work well.
//FIXME test the bridging flow instead?
m_support_material_interface_flow.nozzle_diameter;
layer_new.print_z = m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? object.layers()[layer_id + 1]->print_z :
layer.print_z + layer_new.height + m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value;
layer_new.bottom_z = layer.print_z;
layer_new.idx_object_layer_below = layer_id;
layer_new.bridging = ! m_slicing_params.soluble_interface;
//FIXME how much to inflate the bottom surface, as it is being extruded with a bridging flow? The following line uses a normal flow.
//FIXME why is the offset positive? It will be trimmed by the object later on anyway, but then it just wastes CPU clocks.
layer_new.polygons = offset(touching, float(m_support_material_flow.scaled_width()), SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS);
if (! m_slicing_params.soluble_interface) {
// Walk the top surfaces, snap the top of the new bottom surface to the closest top of the top surface,
// so there will be no support surfaces generated with thickness lower than m_support_layer_height_min.
for (size_t top_idx = size_t(std::max<int>(0, contact_idx));
top_idx < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[top_idx]->print_z < layer_new.print_z + this->m_support_layer_height_min + EPSILON;
++ top_idx) {
if (top_contacts[top_idx]->print_z > layer_new.print_z - this->m_support_layer_height_min - EPSILON) {
// A top layer has been found, which is close to the new bottom layer.
coordf_t diff = layer_new.print_z - top_contacts[top_idx]->print_z;
assert(std::abs(diff) <= this->m_support_layer_height_min + EPSILON);
if (diff > 0.) {
// The top contact layer is below this layer. Make the bridging layer thinner to align with the existing top layer.
assert(diff < layer_new.height + EPSILON);
assert(layer_new.height - diff >= m_support_layer_height_min - EPSILON);
layer_new.print_z = top_contacts[top_idx]->print_z;
layer_new.height -= diff;
} else {
// The top contact layer is above this layer. One may either make this layer thicker or thinner.
// By making the layer thicker, one will decrease the number of discrete layers with the price of extruding a bit too thick bridges.
// By making the layer thinner, one adds one more discrete layer.
layer_new.print_z = top_contacts[top_idx]->print_z;
layer_new.height -= diff;
}
break;
}
}
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-bottom-contacts-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer_new.print_z),
union_ex(layer_new.polygons, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Trim the already created base layers above the current layer intersecting with the new bottom contacts layer.
//FIXME Maybe this is no more needed, as the overlapping base layers are trimmed by the bottom layers at the final stage?
touching = offset(touching, float(SCALED_EPSILON));
for (int layer_id_above = layer_id + 1; layer_id_above < int(object.total_layer_count()); ++ layer_id_above) {
const Layer &layer_above = *object.layers()[layer_id_above];
if (layer_above.print_z > layer_new.print_z - EPSILON)
break;
if (! layer_support_areas[layer_id_above].empty()) {
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(touching);
bbox.merge(get_extents(layer_support_areas[layer_id_above]));
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-support-areas-raw-before-trimming-%d-with-%f-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z, layer_above.print_z), bbox);
svg.draw(union_ex(touching, false), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(layer_support_areas[layer_id_above], true), "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(layer_support_areas[layer_id_above], true), "red", "blue", scale_(0.1f));
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
layer_support_areas[layer_id_above] = diff(layer_support_areas[layer_id_above], touching);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-support-areas-raw-after-trimming-%d-with-%f-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z, layer_above.print_z),
union_ex(layer_support_areas[layer_id_above], false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
}
}
}
} // ! top.empty()
});
Polygons &layer_support_area = layer_support_areas[layer_id];
task_group.run([this, &projection, &projection_raw, &layer, &layer_support_area, layer_id] {
// Remove the areas that touched from the projection that will continue on next, lower, top surfaces.
// Polygons trimming = union_(to_polygons(layer.slices), touching, true);
Polygons trimming = offset(layer.lslices, float(SCALED_EPSILON));
projection = diff(projection_raw, trimming, false);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(projection_raw);
bbox.merge(get_extents(trimming));
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-support-areas-raw-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z), bbox);
svg.draw(union_ex(trimming, false), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw(union_ex(projection, true), "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw_outline(union_ex(projection, true), "red", "blue", scale_(0.1f));
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
remove_sticks(projection);
remove_degenerate(projection);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-support-areas-raw-cleaned-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z),
union_ex(projection, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
SupportGridPattern support_grid_pattern(
// Support islands, to be stretched into a grid.
projection,
// Trimming polygons, to trim the stretched support islands.
trimming,
// Grid spacing.
m_object_config->support_material_spacing.value + m_support_material_flow.spacing(),
Geometry::deg2rad(m_object_config->support_material_angle.value));
tbb::task_group task_group_inner;
// 1) Cache the slice of a support volume. The support volume is expanded by 1/2 of support material flow spacing
// to allow a placement of suppot zig-zag snake along the grid lines.
task_group_inner.run([this, &support_grid_pattern, &layer_support_area
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
, &layer
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
] {
layer_support_area = support_grid_pattern.extract_support(m_support_material_flow.scaled_spacing()/2 + 25, true);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-layer_support_area-gridded-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z),
union_ex(layer_support_area, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
});
// 2) Support polygons will be projected down. To keep the interface and base layers from growing, return a contour a tiny bit smaller than the grid cells.
Polygons projection_new;
task_group_inner.run([&projection_new, &support_grid_pattern
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
, &layer
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
] {
projection_new = support_grid_pattern.extract_support(-5, true);
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-projection_new-gridded-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer.print_z),
union_ex(projection_new, false));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
});
task_group_inner.wait();
projection = std::move(projection_new);
});
task_group.wait();
}
std::reverse(bottom_contacts.begin(), bottom_contacts.end());
// trim_support_layers_by_object(object, bottom_contacts, 0., 0., m_gap_xy);
trim_support_layers_by_object(object, bottom_contacts,
m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value,
m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value, m_gap_xy);
} // ! top_contacts.empty()
return bottom_contacts;
}
// FN_HIGHER_EQUAL: the provided object pointer has a Z value >= of an internal threshold.
// Find the first item with Z value >= of an internal threshold of fn_higher_equal.
// If no vec item with Z value >= of an internal threshold of fn_higher_equal is found, return vec.size()
// If the initial idx is size_t(-1), then use binary search.
// Otherwise search linearly upwards.
template<typename T, typename FN_HIGHER_EQUAL>
size_t idx_higher_or_equal(const std::vector<T*> &vec, size_t idx, FN_HIGHER_EQUAL fn_higher_equal)
{
if (vec.empty()) {
idx = 0;
} else if (idx == size_t(-1)) {
// First of the batch of layers per thread pool invocation. Use binary search.
int idx_low = 0;
int idx_high = std::max(0, int(vec.size()) - 1);
while (idx_low + 1 < idx_high) {
int idx_mid = (idx_low + idx_high) / 2;
if (fn_higher_equal(vec[idx_mid]))
idx_high = idx_mid;
else
idx_low = idx_mid;
}
idx = fn_higher_equal(vec[idx_low]) ? idx_low :
(fn_higher_equal(vec[idx_high]) ? idx_high : vec.size());
} else {
// For the other layers of this batch of layers, search incrementally, which is cheaper than the binary search.
while (idx < vec.size() && ! fn_higher_equal(vec[idx]))
++ idx;
}
return idx;
}
// FN_LOWER_EQUAL: the provided object pointer has a Z value <= of an internal threshold.
// Find the first item with Z value <= of an internal threshold of fn_lower_equal.
// If no vec item with Z value <= of an internal threshold of fn_lower_equal is found, return -1.
// If the initial idx is < -1, then use binary search.
// Otherwise search linearly downwards.
template<typename T, typename FN_LOWER_EQUAL>
int idx_lower_or_equal(const std::vector<T*> &vec, int idx, FN_LOWER_EQUAL fn_lower_equal)
{
if (vec.empty()) {
idx = -1;
} else if (idx < -1) {
// First of the batch of layers per thread pool invocation. Use binary search.
int idx_low = 0;
int idx_high = std::max(0, int(vec.size()) - 1);
while (idx_low + 1 < idx_high) {
int idx_mid = (idx_low + idx_high) / 2;
if (fn_lower_equal(vec[idx_mid]))
idx_low = idx_mid;
else
idx_high = idx_mid;
}
idx = fn_lower_equal(vec[idx_high]) ? idx_high :
(fn_lower_equal(vec[idx_low ]) ? idx_low : -1);
} else {
// For the other layers of this batch of layers, search incrementally, which is cheaper than the binary search.
while (idx >= 0 && ! fn_lower_equal(vec[idx]))
-- idx;
}
return idx;
}
// Trim the top_contacts layers with the bottom_contacts layers if they overlap, so there would not be enough vertical space for both of them.
void PrintObjectSupportMaterial::trim_top_contacts_by_bottom_contacts(
const PrintObject &object, const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts, MyLayersPtr &top_contacts) const
{
tbb::parallel_for(tbb::blocked_range<int>(0, int(top_contacts.size())),
[this, &object, &bottom_contacts, &top_contacts](const tbb::blocked_range<int>& range) {
int idx_bottom_overlapping_first = -2;
// For all top contact layers, counting downwards due to the way idx_higher_or_equal caches the last index to avoid repeated binary search.
for (int idx_top = range.end() - 1; idx_top >= range.begin(); -- idx_top) {
MyLayer &layer_top = *top_contacts[idx_top];
// Find the first bottom layer overlapping with layer_top.
idx_bottom_overlapping_first = idx_lower_or_equal(bottom_contacts, idx_bottom_overlapping_first, [&layer_top](const MyLayer *layer_bottom){ return layer_bottom->bottom_print_z() - EPSILON <= layer_top.bottom_z; });
// For all top contact layers overlapping with the thick bottom contact layer:
for (int idx_bottom_overlapping = idx_bottom_overlapping_first; idx_bottom_overlapping >= 0; -- idx_bottom_overlapping) {
const MyLayer &layer_bottom = *bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_overlapping];
assert(layer_bottom.bottom_print_z() - EPSILON <= layer_top.bottom_z);
if (layer_top.print_z < layer_bottom.print_z + EPSILON) {
// Layers overlap. Trim layer_top with layer_bottom.
layer_top.polygons = diff(layer_top.polygons, layer_bottom.polygons);
} else
break;
}
}
});
}
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintObjectSupportMaterial::raft_and_intermediate_support_layers(
const PrintObject &object,
const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts,
const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts,
MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const
{
MyLayersPtr intermediate_layers;
// Collect and sort the extremes (bottoms of the top contacts and tops of the bottom contacts).
MyLayersPtr extremes;
extremes.reserve(top_contacts.size() + bottom_contacts.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < top_contacts.size(); ++ i)
// Bottoms of the top contact layers. In case of non-soluble supports,
// the top contact layer thickness is not known yet.
extremes.push_back(top_contacts[i]);
for (size_t i = 0; i < bottom_contacts.size(); ++ i)
// Tops of the bottom contact layers.
extremes.push_back(bottom_contacts[i]);
if (extremes.empty())
return intermediate_layers;
auto layer_extreme_lower = [](const MyLayer *l1, const MyLayer *l2) {
coordf_t z1 = l1->extreme_z();
coordf_t z2 = l2->extreme_z();
// If the layers are aligned, return the top contact surface first.
return z1 < z2 || (z1 == z2 && l1->layer_type == PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltTopContact && l2->layer_type == PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBottomContact);
};
std::sort(extremes.begin(), extremes.end(), layer_extreme_lower);
assert(extremes.empty() ||
(extremes.front()->extreme_z() > m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z - EPSILON &&
(m_slicing_params.raft_layers() == 1 || // only raft contact layer
extremes.front()->layer_type == sltTopContact || // first extreme is a top contact layer
extremes.front()->extreme_z() > m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height - EPSILON)));
bool synchronize = this->synchronize_layers();
#ifdef _DEBUG
// Verify that the extremes are separated by m_support_layer_height_min.
for (size_t i = 1; i < extremes.size(); ++ i) {
assert(extremes[i]->extreme_z() - extremes[i-1]->extreme_z() == 0. ||
extremes[i]->extreme_z() - extremes[i-1]->extreme_z() > m_support_layer_height_min - EPSILON);
assert(extremes[i]->extreme_z() - extremes[i-1]->extreme_z() > 0. ||
extremes[i]->layer_type == extremes[i-1]->layer_type ||
(extremes[i]->layer_type == sltBottomContact && extremes[i - 1]->layer_type == sltTopContact));
}
#endif
// Generate intermediate layers.
// The first intermediate layer is the same as the 1st layer if there is no raft,
// or the bottom of the first intermediate layer is aligned with the bottom of the raft contact layer.
// Intermediate layers are always printed with a normal etrusion flow (non-bridging).
size_t idx_layer_object = 0;
for (size_t idx_extreme = 0; idx_extreme < extremes.size(); ++ idx_extreme) {
MyLayer *extr2 = extremes[idx_extreme];
coordf_t extr2z = extr2->extreme_z();
if (std::abs(extr2z - m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z) < EPSILON) {
// This is a raft contact layer, its height has been decided in this->top_contact_layers().
assert(extr2->layer_type == sltTopContact);
continue;
}
if (std::abs(extr2z - m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height) < EPSILON) {
// This is a bottom of a synchronized (or soluble) top contact layer, its height has been decided in this->top_contact_layers().
assert(extr2->layer_type == sltTopContact);
assert(extr2->bottom_z == m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height);
assert(extr2->print_z >= m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height + m_support_layer_height_min - EPSILON);
if (intermediate_layers.empty() || intermediate_layers.back()->print_z < m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height) {
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltIntermediate);
layer_new.bottom_z = 0.;
layer_new.print_z = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
layer_new.height = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
}
continue;
}
assert(extr2z >= m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z + EPSILON);
assert(extr2z >= m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height + EPSILON);
MyLayer *extr1 = (idx_extreme == 0) ? nullptr : extremes[idx_extreme - 1];
// Fuse a support layer firmly to the raft top interface (not to the raft contacts).
coordf_t extr1z = (extr1 == nullptr) ? m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z : extr1->extreme_z();
assert(extr2z >= extr1z);
assert(extr2z > extr1z || (extr1 != nullptr && extr2->layer_type == sltBottomContact));
if (std::abs(extr1z) < EPSILON) {
// This layer interval starts with the 1st layer. Print the 1st layer using the prescribed 1st layer thickness.
assert(! m_slicing_params.has_raft());
assert(intermediate_layers.empty() || intermediate_layers.back()->print_z <= m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height);
// At this point only layers above first_print_layer_heigth + EPSILON are expected as the other cases were captured earlier.
assert(extr2z >= m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height + EPSILON);
// Generate a new intermediate layer.
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltIntermediate);
layer_new.bottom_z = 0.;
layer_new.print_z = extr1z = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
layer_new.height = extr1z;
intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
// Continue printing the other layers up to extr2z.
}
coordf_t dist = extr2z - extr1z;
assert(dist >= 0.);
if (dist == 0.)
continue;
// The new layers shall be at least m_support_layer_height_min thick.
assert(dist >= m_support_layer_height_min - EPSILON);
if (synchronize) {
// Emit support layers synchronized with the object layers.
// Find the first object layer, which has its print_z in this support Z range.
while (idx_layer_object < object.layers().size() && object.layers()[idx_layer_object]->print_z < extr1z + EPSILON)
++ idx_layer_object;
if (idx_layer_object == 0 && extr1z == m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z) {
// Insert one base support layer below the object.
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltIntermediate);
layer_new.print_z = m_slicing_params.object_print_z_min;
layer_new.bottom_z = m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z;
layer_new.height = layer_new.print_z - layer_new.bottom_z;
intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
}
// Emit all intermediate support layers synchronized with object layers up to extr2z.
for (; idx_layer_object < object.layers().size() && object.layers()[idx_layer_object]->print_z < extr2z + EPSILON; ++ idx_layer_object) {
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltIntermediate);
layer_new.print_z = object.layers()[idx_layer_object]->print_z;
layer_new.height = object.layers()[idx_layer_object]->height;
layer_new.bottom_z = (idx_layer_object > 0) ? object.layers()[idx_layer_object - 1]->print_z : (layer_new.print_z - layer_new.height);
assert(intermediate_layers.empty() || intermediate_layers.back()->print_z < layer_new.print_z + EPSILON);
intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
}
} else {
// Insert intermediate layers.
size_t n_layers_extra = size_t(ceil(dist / m_slicing_params.max_suport_layer_height));
assert(n_layers_extra > 0);
coordf_t step = dist / coordf_t(n_layers_extra);
if (extr1 != nullptr && extr1->layer_type == sltTopContact &&
extr1->print_z + m_support_layer_height_min > extr1->bottom_z + step) {
// The bottom extreme is a bottom of a top surface. Ensure that the gap
// between the 1st intermediate layer print_z and extr1->print_z is not too small.
assert(extr1->bottom_z + m_support_layer_height_min < extr1->print_z + EPSILON);
// Generate the first intermediate layer.
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltIntermediate);
layer_new.bottom_z = extr1->bottom_z;
layer_new.print_z = extr1z = extr1->print_z;
layer_new.height = extr1->height;
intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
dist = extr2z - extr1z;
n_layers_extra = size_t(ceil(dist / m_slicing_params.max_suport_layer_height));
if (n_layers_extra == 0)
continue;
// Continue printing the other layers up to extr2z.
step = dist / coordf_t(n_layers_extra);
}
if (! m_slicing_params.soluble_interface && extr2->layer_type == sltTopContact) {
// This is a top interface layer, which does not have a height assigned yet. Do it now.
assert(extr2->height == 0.);
assert(extr1z > m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height - EPSILON);
extr2->height = step;
extr2->bottom_z = extr2z = extr2->print_z - step;
if (-- n_layers_extra == 0)
continue;
}
coordf_t extr2z_large_steps = extr2z;
// Take the largest allowed step in the Z axis until extr2z_large_steps is reached.
for (size_t i = 0; i < n_layers_extra; ++ i) {
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltIntermediate);
if (i + 1 == n_layers_extra) {
// Last intermediate layer added. Align the last entered layer with extr2z_large_steps exactly.
layer_new.bottom_z = (i == 0) ? extr1z : intermediate_layers.back()->print_z;
layer_new.print_z = extr2z_large_steps;
layer_new.height = layer_new.print_z - layer_new.bottom_z;
}
else {
// Intermediate layer, not the last added.
layer_new.height = step;
layer_new.bottom_z = extr1z + i * step;
layer_new.print_z = layer_new.bottom_z + step;
}
assert(intermediate_layers.empty() || intermediate_layers.back()->print_z <= layer_new.print_z);
intermediate_layers.push_back(&layer_new);
}
}
}
#ifdef _DEBUG
for (size_t i = 0; i < top_contacts.size(); ++i)
assert(top_contacts[i]->height > 0.);
#endif /* _DEBUG */
return intermediate_layers;
}
// At this stage there shall be intermediate_layers allocated between bottom_contacts and top_contacts, but they have no polygons assigned.
// Also the bottom/top_contacts shall have a layer thickness assigned already.
void PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers(
const PrintObject &object,
const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts,
const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts,
MyLayersPtr &intermediate_layers,
const std::vector<Polygons> &layer_support_areas) const
{
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static int iRun = 0;
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
if (top_contacts.empty())
// No top contacts -> no intermediate layers will be produced.
return;
// coordf_t fillet_radius_scaled = scale_(m_object_config->support_material_spacing);
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers() in parallel - start";
tbb::parallel_for(
tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(0, intermediate_layers.size()),
[this, &object, &bottom_contacts, &top_contacts, &intermediate_layers, &layer_support_areas](const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
// index -2 means not initialized yet, -1 means intialized and decremented to 0 and then -1.
int idx_top_contact_above = -2;
int idx_bottom_contact_overlapping = -2;
int idx_object_layer_above = -2;
// Counting down due to the way idx_lower_or_equal caches indices to avoid repeated binary search over the complete sequence.
for (int idx_intermediate = int(range.end()) - 1; idx_intermediate >= int(range.begin()); -- idx_intermediate)
{
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace) << "Support generator - generate_base_layers - creating layer " <<
idx_intermediate << " of " << intermediate_layers.size();
MyLayer &layer_intermediate = *intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate];
// Layers must be sorted by print_z.
assert(idx_intermediate == 0 || layer_intermediate.print_z >= intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate - 1]->print_z);
// Find a top_contact layer touching the layer_intermediate from above, if any, and collect its polygons into polygons_new.
// New polygons for layer_intermediate.
Polygons polygons_new;
// Use the precomputed layer_support_areas.
idx_object_layer_above = std::max(0, idx_lower_or_equal(object.layers(), idx_object_layer_above,
[&layer_intermediate](const Layer *layer){ return layer->print_z <= layer_intermediate.print_z + EPSILON; }));
polygons_new = layer_support_areas[idx_object_layer_above];
// Polygons to trim polygons_new.
Polygons polygons_trimming;
// Trimming the base layer with any overlapping top layer.
// Following cases are recognized:
// 1) top.bottom_z >= base.top_z -> No overlap, no trimming needed.
// 2) base.bottom_z >= top.print_z -> No overlap, no trimming needed.
// 3) base.print_z > top.print_z && base.bottom_z >= top.bottom_z -> Overlap, which will be solved inside generate_toolpaths() by reducing the base layer height where it overlaps the top layer. No trimming needed here.
// 4) base.print_z > top.bottom_z && base.bottom_z < top.bottom_z -> Base overlaps with top.bottom_z. This must not happen.
// 5) base.print_z <= top.print_z && base.bottom_z >= top.bottom_z -> Base is fully inside top. Trim base by top.
idx_top_contact_above = idx_lower_or_equal(top_contacts, idx_top_contact_above,
[&layer_intermediate](const MyLayer *layer){ return layer->bottom_z <= layer_intermediate.print_z - EPSILON; });
// Collect all the top_contact layer intersecting with this layer.
for ( int idx_top_contact_overlapping = idx_top_contact_above; idx_top_contact_overlapping >= 0; -- idx_top_contact_overlapping) {
MyLayer &layer_top_overlapping = *top_contacts[idx_top_contact_overlapping];
if (layer_top_overlapping.print_z < layer_intermediate.bottom_z + EPSILON)
break;
// Base must not overlap with top.bottom_z.
assert(! (layer_intermediate.print_z > layer_top_overlapping.bottom_z + EPSILON && layer_intermediate.bottom_z < layer_top_overlapping.bottom_z - EPSILON));
if (layer_intermediate.print_z <= layer_top_overlapping.print_z + EPSILON && layer_intermediate.bottom_z >= layer_top_overlapping.bottom_z - EPSILON)
// Base is fully inside top. Trim base by top.
polygons_append(polygons_trimming, layer_top_overlapping.polygons);
}
// Trimming the base layer with any overlapping bottom layer.
// Following cases are recognized:
// 1) bottom.bottom_z >= base.top_z -> No overlap, no trimming needed.
// 2) base.bottom_z >= bottom.print_z -> No overlap, no trimming needed.
// 3) base.print_z > bottom.bottom_z && base.bottom_z < bottom.bottom_z -> Overlap, which will be solved inside generate_toolpaths() by reducing the bottom layer height where it overlaps the base layer. No trimming needed here.
// 4) base.print_z > bottom.print_z && base.bottom_z >= bottom.print_z -> Base overlaps with bottom.print_z. This must not happen.
// 5) base.print_z <= bottom.print_z && base.bottom_z >= bottom.bottom_z -> Base is fully inside top. Trim base by top.
idx_bottom_contact_overlapping = idx_lower_or_equal(bottom_contacts, idx_bottom_contact_overlapping,
[&layer_intermediate](const MyLayer *layer){ return layer->bottom_print_z() <= layer_intermediate.print_z - EPSILON; });
// Collect all the bottom_contacts layer intersecting with this layer.
for (int i = idx_bottom_contact_overlapping; i >= 0; -- i) {
MyLayer &layer_bottom_overlapping = *bottom_contacts[i];
if (layer_bottom_overlapping.print_z < layer_intermediate.bottom_print_z() + EPSILON)
break;
// Base must not overlap with bottom.top_z.
assert(! (layer_intermediate.print_z > layer_bottom_overlapping.print_z + EPSILON && layer_intermediate.bottom_z < layer_bottom_overlapping.print_z - EPSILON));
if (layer_intermediate.print_z <= layer_bottom_overlapping.print_z + EPSILON && layer_intermediate.bottom_z >= layer_bottom_overlapping.bottom_print_z() - EPSILON)
// Base is fully inside bottom. Trim base by bottom.
polygons_append(polygons_trimming, layer_bottom_overlapping.polygons);
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
{
BoundingBox bbox = get_extents(polygons_new);
bbox.merge(get_extents(polygons_trimming));
::Slic3r::SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-intermediate-layers-raw-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, layer_intermediate.print_z), bbox);
svg.draw(union_ex(polygons_new, false), "blue", 0.5f);
svg.draw(to_polylines(polygons_new), "blue");
svg.draw(union_ex(polygons_trimming, true), "red", 0.5f);
svg.draw(to_polylines(polygons_trimming), "red");
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Trim the polygons, store them.
if (polygons_trimming.empty())
layer_intermediate.polygons = std::move(polygons_new);
else
layer_intermediate.polygons = diff(
polygons_new,
polygons_trimming,
true); // safety offset to merge the touching source polygons
layer_intermediate.layer_type = sltBase;
#if 0
// Fillet the base polygons and trim them again with the top, interface and contact layers.
$base->{$i} = diff(
offset2(
$base->{$i},
$fillet_radius_scaled,
-$fillet_radius_scaled,
# Use a geometric offsetting for filleting.
JT_ROUND,
0.2*$fillet_radius_scaled),
$trim_polygons,
false); // don't apply the safety offset.
}
#endif
}
});
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_base_layers() in parallel - end";
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
for (MyLayersPtr::const_iterator it = intermediate_layers.begin(); it != intermediate_layers.end(); ++it)
::Slic3r::SVG::export_expolygons(
debug_out_path("support-intermediate-layers-untrimmed-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, (*it)->print_z),
union_ex((*it)->polygons, false));
++ iRun;
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// trim_support_layers_by_object(object, intermediate_layers, 0., 0., m_gap_xy);
this->trim_support_layers_by_object(object, intermediate_layers,
m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value,
m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? 0. : m_object_config->support_material_contact_distance.value, m_gap_xy);
}
void PrintObjectSupportMaterial::trim_support_layers_by_object(
const PrintObject &object,
MyLayersPtr &support_layers,
const coordf_t gap_extra_above,
const coordf_t gap_extra_below,
const coordf_t gap_xy) const
{
const float gap_xy_scaled = float(scale_(gap_xy));
// Collect non-empty layers to be processed in parallel.
// This is a good idea as pulling a thread from a thread pool for an empty task is expensive.
MyLayersPtr nonempty_layers;
nonempty_layers.reserve(support_layers.size());
for (size_t idx_layer = 0; idx_layer < support_layers.size(); ++ idx_layer) {
MyLayer *support_layer = support_layers[idx_layer];
if (! support_layer->polygons.empty() && support_layer->print_z >= m_slicing_params.raft_contact_top_z + EPSILON)
// Non-empty support layer and not a raft layer.
nonempty_layers.push_back(support_layer);
}
// For all intermediate support layers:
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::trim_support_layers_by_object() in parallel - start";
tbb::parallel_for(
tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(0, nonempty_layers.size()),
[this, &object, &nonempty_layers, gap_extra_above, gap_extra_below, gap_xy_scaled](const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
size_t idx_object_layer_overlapping = size_t(-1);
for (size_t idx_layer = range.begin(); idx_layer < range.end(); ++ idx_layer) {
MyLayer &support_layer = *nonempty_layers[idx_layer];
// BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace) << "Support generator - trim_support_layers_by_object - trimmming non-empty layer " << idx_layer << " of " << nonempty_layers.size();
assert(! support_layer.polygons.empty() && support_layer.print_z >= m_slicing_params.raft_contact_top_z + EPSILON);
// Find the overlapping object layers including the extra above / below gap.
coordf_t z_threshold = support_layer.print_z - support_layer.height - gap_extra_below + EPSILON;
idx_object_layer_overlapping = idx_higher_or_equal(
object.layers(), idx_object_layer_overlapping,
[z_threshold](const Layer *layer){ return layer->print_z >= z_threshold; });
// Collect all the object layers intersecting with this layer.
Polygons polygons_trimming;
size_t i = idx_object_layer_overlapping;
for (; i < object.layers().size(); ++ i) {
const Layer &object_layer = *object.layers()[i];
if (object_layer.print_z - object_layer.height > support_layer.print_z + gap_extra_above - EPSILON)
break;
polygons_append(polygons_trimming, offset(object_layer.lslices, gap_xy_scaled, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
}
if (! m_slicing_params.soluble_interface) {
// Collect all bottom surfaces, which will be extruded with a bridging flow.
for (; i < object.layers().size(); ++ i) {
const Layer &object_layer = *object.layers()[i];
bool some_region_overlaps = false;
for (LayerRegion *region : object_layer.regions()) {
coordf_t bridging_height = region->region()->bridging_height_avg(*this->m_print_config);
if (object_layer.print_z - bridging_height > support_layer.print_z + gap_extra_above - EPSILON)
break;
some_region_overlaps = true;
polygons_append(polygons_trimming,
offset(to_expolygons(region->fill_surfaces.filter_by_type(stBottomBridge)),
gap_xy_scaled, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
if (region->region()->config().overhangs.value)
SupportMaterialInternal::collect_bridging_perimeter_areas(region->perimeters, gap_xy_scaled, polygons_trimming);
}
if (! some_region_overlaps)
break;
}
}
// $layer->slices contains the full shape of layer, thus including
// perimeter's width. $support contains the full shape of support
// material, thus including the width of its foremost extrusion.
// We leave a gap equal to a full extrusion width.
support_layer.polygons = diff(support_layer.polygons, polygons_trimming);
}
});
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::trim_support_layers_by_object() in parallel - end";
}
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_raft_base(
const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts,
const MyLayersPtr &interface_layers,
const MyLayersPtr &base_layers,
MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const
{
// How much to inflate the support columns to be stable. This also applies to the 1st layer, if no raft layers are to be printed.
const float inflate_factor_fine = float(scale_((m_slicing_params.raft_layers() > 1) ? 0.5 : EPSILON));
const float inflate_factor_1st_layer = float(scale_(3.)) - inflate_factor_fine;
MyLayer *contacts = top_contacts .empty() ? nullptr : top_contacts .front();
MyLayer *interfaces = interface_layers.empty() ? nullptr : interface_layers.front();
MyLayer *columns_base = base_layers .empty() ? nullptr : base_layers .front();
if (contacts != nullptr && contacts->print_z > std::max(m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height, m_slicing_params.raft_contact_top_z) + EPSILON)
// This is not the raft contact layer.
contacts = nullptr;
if (interfaces != nullptr && interfaces->bottom_print_z() > m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z + EPSILON)
// This is not the raft column base layer.
interfaces = nullptr;
if (columns_base != nullptr && columns_base->bottom_print_z() > m_slicing_params.raft_interface_top_z + EPSILON)
// This is not the raft interface layer.
columns_base = nullptr;
Polygons interface_polygons;
if (contacts != nullptr && ! contacts->polygons.empty())
polygons_append(interface_polygons, offset(contacts->polygons, inflate_factor_fine, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
if (interfaces != nullptr && ! interfaces->polygons.empty())
polygons_append(interface_polygons, offset(interfaces->polygons, inflate_factor_fine, SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
// Output vector.
MyLayersPtr raft_layers;
if (m_slicing_params.raft_layers() > 1) {
Polygons base;
Polygons columns;
if (columns_base != nullptr) {
base = columns_base->polygons;
columns = base;
if (! interface_polygons.empty())
// Trim the 1st layer columns with the inflated interface polygons.
columns = diff(columns, interface_polygons);
}
if (! interface_polygons.empty()) {
// Merge the untrimmed columns base with the expanded raft interface, to be used for the support base and interface.
base = union_(base, interface_polygons);
}
// Do not add the raft contact layer, only add the raft layers below the contact layer.
// Insert the 1st layer.
{
MyLayer &new_layer = layer_allocate(layer_storage, (m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers > 0) ? sltRaftBase : sltRaftInterface);
raft_layers.push_back(&new_layer);
new_layer.print_z = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
new_layer.height = m_slicing_params.first_print_layer_height;
new_layer.bottom_z = 0.;
new_layer.polygons = offset(base, inflate_factor_1st_layer);
}
// Insert the base layers.
for (size_t i = 1; i < m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers; ++ i) {
coordf_t print_z = raft_layers.back()->print_z;
MyLayer &new_layer = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltRaftBase);
raft_layers.push_back(&new_layer);
new_layer.print_z = print_z + m_slicing_params.base_raft_layer_height;
new_layer.height = m_slicing_params.base_raft_layer_height;
new_layer.bottom_z = print_z;
new_layer.polygons = base;
}
// Insert the interface layers.
for (size_t i = 1; i < m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layers; ++ i) {
coordf_t print_z = raft_layers.back()->print_z;
MyLayer &new_layer = layer_allocate(layer_storage, sltRaftInterface);
raft_layers.push_back(&new_layer);
new_layer.print_z = print_z + m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layer_height;
new_layer.height = m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layer_height;
new_layer.bottom_z = print_z;
new_layer.polygons = interface_polygons;
//FIXME misusing contact_polygons for support columns.
new_layer.contact_polygons = new Polygons(columns);
}
} else if (columns_base != nullptr) {
// Expand the bases of the support columns in the 1st layer.
columns_base->polygons = diff(
offset(columns_base->polygons, inflate_factor_1st_layer),
offset(m_object->layers().front()->lslices, (float)scale_(m_gap_xy), SUPPORT_SURFACES_OFFSET_PARAMETERS));
if (contacts != nullptr)
columns_base->polygons = diff(columns_base->polygons, interface_polygons);
}
return raft_layers;
}
// Convert some of the intermediate layers into top/bottom interface layers.
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers(
const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts,
const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts,
MyLayersPtr &intermediate_layers,
MyLayerStorage &layer_storage) const
{
// my $area_threshold = $self->interface_flow->scaled_spacing ** 2;
MyLayersPtr interface_layers;
// Contact layer is considered an interface layer, therefore run the following block only if support_material_interface_layers > 1.
if (! intermediate_layers.empty() && m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers.value > 1) {
// For all intermediate layers, collect top contact surfaces, which are not further than support_material_interface_layers.
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers() in parallel - start";
interface_layers.assign(intermediate_layers.size(), nullptr);
tbb::spin_mutex layer_storage_mutex;
tbb::parallel_for(tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(0, intermediate_layers.size()),
[this, &bottom_contacts, &top_contacts, &intermediate_layers, &layer_storage, &layer_storage_mutex, &interface_layers](const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
// Index of the first top contact layer intersecting the current intermediate layer.
size_t idx_top_contact_first = size_t(-1);
// Index of the first bottom contact layer intersecting the current intermediate layer.
size_t idx_bottom_contact_first = size_t(-1);
for (size_t idx_intermediate_layer = range.begin(); idx_intermediate_layer < range.end(); ++ idx_intermediate_layer) {
MyLayer &intermediate_layer = *intermediate_layers[idx_intermediate_layer];
// Top / bottom Z coordinate of a slab, over which we are collecting the top / bottom contact surfaces.
coordf_t top_z = intermediate_layers[std::min<int>(intermediate_layers.size()-1, idx_intermediate_layer + m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers - 1)]->print_z;
coordf_t bottom_z = intermediate_layers[std::max<int>(0, int(idx_intermediate_layer) - int(m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers) + 1)]->bottom_z;
// Move idx_top_contact_first up until above the current print_z.
idx_top_contact_first = idx_higher_or_equal(top_contacts, idx_top_contact_first, [&intermediate_layer](const MyLayer *layer){ return layer->print_z >= intermediate_layer.print_z; }); // - EPSILON
// Collect the top contact areas above this intermediate layer, below top_z.
Polygons polygons_top_contact_projected;
for (size_t idx_top_contact = idx_top_contact_first; idx_top_contact < top_contacts.size(); ++ idx_top_contact) {
const MyLayer &top_contact_layer = *top_contacts[idx_top_contact];
//FIXME maybe this adds one interface layer in excess?
if (top_contact_layer.bottom_z - EPSILON > top_z)
break;
polygons_append(polygons_top_contact_projected, top_contact_layer.polygons);
}
// Move idx_bottom_contact_first up until touching bottom_z.
idx_bottom_contact_first = idx_higher_or_equal(bottom_contacts, idx_bottom_contact_first, [bottom_z](const MyLayer *layer){ return layer->print_z >= bottom_z - EPSILON; });
// Collect the top contact areas above this intermediate layer, below top_z.
Polygons polygons_bottom_contact_projected;
for (size_t idx_bottom_contact = idx_bottom_contact_first; idx_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts.size(); ++ idx_bottom_contact) {
const MyLayer &bottom_contact_layer = *bottom_contacts[idx_bottom_contact];
if (bottom_contact_layer.print_z - EPSILON > intermediate_layer.bottom_z)
break;
polygons_append(polygons_bottom_contact_projected, bottom_contact_layer.polygons);
}
if (polygons_top_contact_projected.empty() && polygons_bottom_contact_projected.empty())
continue;
// Insert a new layer into top_interface_layers.
MyLayer &layer_new = layer_allocate(layer_storage, layer_storage_mutex,
polygons_top_contact_projected.empty() ? sltBottomInterface : sltTopInterface);
layer_new.print_z = intermediate_layer.print_z;
layer_new.bottom_z = intermediate_layer.bottom_z;
layer_new.height = intermediate_layer.height;
layer_new.bridging = intermediate_layer.bridging;
interface_layers[idx_intermediate_layer] = &layer_new;
polygons_append(polygons_top_contact_projected, polygons_bottom_contact_projected);
polygons_top_contact_projected = union_(polygons_top_contact_projected, true);
layer_new.polygons = intersection(intermediate_layer.polygons, polygons_top_contact_projected);
//FIXME filter layer_new.polygons islands by a minimum area?
// $interface_area = [ grep abs($_->area) >= $area_threshold, @$interface_area ];
intermediate_layer.polygons = diff(intermediate_layer.polygons, polygons_top_contact_projected, false);
}
});
// Compress contact_out, remove the nullptr items.
remove_nulls(interface_layers);
BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_interface_layers() in parallel - start";
}
return interface_layers;
}
static inline void fill_expolygons_generate_paths(
ExtrusionEntitiesPtr &dst,
const ExPolygons &expolygons,
Fill *filler,
float density,
ExtrusionRole role,
const Flow &flow)
{
FillParams fill_params;
fill_params.density = density;
fill_params.dont_adjust = true;
for (const ExPolygon &expoly : expolygons) {
Surface surface(stInternal, expoly);
Polylines polylines;
try {
polylines = filler->fill_surface(&surface, fill_params);
} catch (InfillFailedException &) {
}
extrusion_entities_append_paths(
dst,
std::move(polylines),
role,
flow.mm3_per_mm(), flow.width, flow.height);
}
}
static inline void fill_expolygons_generate_paths(
ExtrusionEntitiesPtr &dst,
ExPolygons &&expolygons,
Fill *filler,
float density,
ExtrusionRole role,
const Flow &flow)
{
FillParams fill_params;
fill_params.density = density;
fill_params.dont_adjust = true;
for (ExPolygon &expoly : expolygons) {
Surface surface(stInternal, std::move(expoly));
Polylines polylines;
try {
polylines = filler->fill_surface(&surface, fill_params);
} catch (InfillFailedException &) {
}
extrusion_entities_append_paths(
dst,
std::move(polylines),
role,
flow.mm3_per_mm(), flow.width, flow.height);
}
}
// Support layers, partially processed.
struct MyLayerExtruded
{
MyLayerExtruded() : layer(nullptr), m_polygons_to_extrude(nullptr) {}
~MyLayerExtruded() { delete m_polygons_to_extrude; m_polygons_to_extrude = nullptr; }
bool empty() const {
return layer == nullptr || layer->polygons.empty();
}
void set_polygons_to_extrude(Polygons &&polygons) {
if (m_polygons_to_extrude == nullptr)
m_polygons_to_extrude = new Polygons(std::move(polygons));
else
*m_polygons_to_extrude = std::move(polygons);
}
Polygons& polygons_to_extrude() { return (m_polygons_to_extrude == nullptr) ? layer->polygons : *m_polygons_to_extrude; }
const Polygons& polygons_to_extrude() const { return (m_polygons_to_extrude == nullptr) ? layer->polygons : *m_polygons_to_extrude; }
bool could_merge(const MyLayerExtruded &other) const {
return ! this->empty() && ! other.empty() &&
std::abs(this->layer->height - other.layer->height) < EPSILON &&
this->layer->bridging == other.layer->bridging;
}
// Merge regions, perform boolean union over the merged polygons.
void merge(MyLayerExtruded &&other) {
assert(this->could_merge(other));
// 1) Merge the rest polygons to extrude, if there are any.
if (other.m_polygons_to_extrude != nullptr) {
if (m_polygons_to_extrude == nullptr) {
// This layer has no extrusions generated yet, if it has no m_polygons_to_extrude (its area to extrude was not reduced yet).
assert(this->extrusions.empty());
m_polygons_to_extrude = new Polygons(this->layer->polygons);
}
Slic3r::polygons_append(*m_polygons_to_extrude, std::move(*other.m_polygons_to_extrude));
*m_polygons_to_extrude = union_(*m_polygons_to_extrude, true);
delete other.m_polygons_to_extrude;
other.m_polygons_to_extrude = nullptr;
} else if (m_polygons_to_extrude != nullptr) {
assert(other.m_polygons_to_extrude == nullptr);
// The other layer has no extrusions generated yet, if it has no m_polygons_to_extrude (its area to extrude was not reduced yet).
assert(other.extrusions.empty());
Slic3r::polygons_append(*m_polygons_to_extrude, other.layer->polygons);
*m_polygons_to_extrude = union_(*m_polygons_to_extrude, true);
}
// 2) Merge the extrusions.
this->extrusions.insert(this->extrusions.end(), other.extrusions.begin(), other.extrusions.end());
other.extrusions.clear();
// 3) Merge the infill polygons.
Slic3r::polygons_append(this->layer->polygons, std::move(other.layer->polygons));
this->layer->polygons = union_(this->layer->polygons, true);
other.layer->polygons.clear();
}
void polygons_append(Polygons &dst) const {
if (layer != NULL && ! layer->polygons.empty())
Slic3r::polygons_append(dst, layer->polygons);
}
// The source layer. It carries the height and extrusion type (bridging / non bridging, extrusion height).
PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer *layer;
// Collect extrusions. They will be exported sorted by the bottom height.
ExtrusionEntitiesPtr extrusions;
// In case the extrusions are non-empty, m_polygons_to_extrude may contain the rest areas yet to be filled by additional support.
// This is useful mainly for the loop interfaces, which are generated before the zig-zag infills.
Polygons *m_polygons_to_extrude;
};
typedef std::vector<MyLayerExtruded*> MyLayerExtrudedPtrs;
struct LoopInterfaceProcessor
{
LoopInterfaceProcessor(coordf_t circle_r) :
n_contact_loops(0),
circle_radius(circle_r),
circle_distance(circle_r * 3.)
{
// Shape of the top contact area.
circle.points.reserve(6);
for (size_t i = 0; i < 6; ++ i) {
double angle = double(i) * M_PI / 3.;
circle.points.push_back(Point(circle_radius * cos(angle), circle_radius * sin(angle)));
}
}
// Generate loop contacts at the top_contact_layer,
// trim the top_contact_layer->polygons with the areas covered by the loops.
void generate(MyLayerExtruded &top_contact_layer, const Flow &interface_flow_src) const;
int n_contact_loops;
coordf_t circle_radius;
coordf_t circle_distance;
Polygon circle;
};
void LoopInterfaceProcessor::generate(MyLayerExtruded &top_contact_layer, const Flow &interface_flow_src) const
{
if (n_contact_loops == 0 || top_contact_layer.empty())
return;
Flow flow = interface_flow_src;
flow.height = float(top_contact_layer.layer->height);
Polygons overhang_polygons;
if (top_contact_layer.layer->overhang_polygons != nullptr)
overhang_polygons = std::move(*top_contact_layer.layer->overhang_polygons);
// Generate the outermost loop.
// Find centerline of the external loop (or any other kind of extrusions should the loop be skipped)
ExPolygons top_contact_expolygons = offset_ex(union_ex(top_contact_layer.layer->polygons), - 0.5f * flow.scaled_width());
// Grid size and bit shifts for quick and exact to/from grid coordinates manipulation.
coord_t circle_grid_resolution = 1;
coord_t circle_grid_powerof2 = 0;
{
// epsilon to account for rounding errors
coord_t circle_grid_resolution_non_powerof2 = coord_t(2. * circle_distance + 3.);
while (circle_grid_resolution < circle_grid_resolution_non_powerof2) {
circle_grid_resolution <<= 1;
++ circle_grid_powerof2;
}
}
struct PointAccessor {
const Point* operator()(const Point &pt) const { return &pt; }
};
typedef ClosestPointInRadiusLookup<Point, PointAccessor> ClosestPointLookupType;
Polygons loops0;
{
// find centerline of the external loop of the contours
// Only consider the loops facing the overhang.
Polygons external_loops;
// Holes in the external loops.
Polygons circles;
Polygons overhang_with_margin = offset(union_ex(overhang_polygons), 0.5f * flow.scaled_width());
for (ExPolygons::iterator it_contact_expoly = top_contact_expolygons.begin(); it_contact_expoly != top_contact_expolygons.end(); ++ it_contact_expoly) {
// Store the circle centers placed for an expolygon into a regular grid, hashed by the circle centers.
ClosestPointLookupType circle_centers_lookup(coord_t(circle_distance - SCALED_EPSILON));
Points circle_centers;
Point center_last;
// For each contour of the expolygon, start with the outer contour, continue with the holes.
for (size_t i_contour = 0; i_contour <= it_contact_expoly->holes.size(); ++ i_contour) {
Polygon &contour = (i_contour == 0) ? it_contact_expoly->contour : it_contact_expoly->holes[i_contour - 1];
const Point *seg_current_pt = nullptr;
coordf_t seg_current_t = 0.;
if (! intersection_pl((Polylines)contour.split_at_first_point(), overhang_with_margin).empty()) {
// The contour is below the overhang at least to some extent.
//FIXME ideally one would place the circles below the overhang only.
// Walk around the contour and place circles so their centers are not closer than circle_distance from each other.
if (circle_centers.empty()) {
// Place the first circle.
seg_current_pt = &contour.points.front();
seg_current_t = 0.;
center_last = *seg_current_pt;
circle_centers_lookup.insert(center_last);
circle_centers.push_back(center_last);
}
for (Points::const_iterator it = contour.points.begin() + 1; it != contour.points.end(); ++it) {
// Is it possible to place a circle on this segment? Is it not too close to any of the circles already placed on this contour?
const Point &p1 = *(it-1);
const Point &p2 = *it;
// Intersection of a ray (p1, p2) with a circle placed at center_last, with radius of circle_distance.
const Vec2d v_seg(coordf_t(p2(0)) - coordf_t(p1(0)), coordf_t(p2(1)) - coordf_t(p1(1)));
const Vec2d v_cntr(coordf_t(p1(0) - center_last(0)), coordf_t(p1(1) - center_last(1)));
coordf_t a = v_seg.squaredNorm();
coordf_t b = 2. * v_seg.dot(v_cntr);
coordf_t c = v_cntr.squaredNorm() - circle_distance * circle_distance;
coordf_t disc = b * b - 4. * a * c;
if (disc > 0.) {
// The circle intersects a ray. Avoid the parts of the segment inside the circle.
coordf_t t1 = (-b - sqrt(disc)) / (2. * a);
coordf_t t2 = (-b + sqrt(disc)) / (2. * a);
coordf_t t0 = (seg_current_pt == &p1) ? seg_current_t : 0.;
// Take the lowest t in <t0, 1.>, excluding <t1, t2>.
coordf_t t;
if (t0 <= t1)
t = t0;
else if (t2 <= 1.)
t = t2;
else {
// Try the following segment.
seg_current_pt = nullptr;
continue;
}
seg_current_pt = &p1;
seg_current_t = t;
center_last = Point(p1(0) + coord_t(v_seg(0) * t), p1(1) + coord_t(v_seg(1) * t));
// It has been verified that the new point is far enough from center_last.
// Ensure, that it is far enough from all the centers.
std::pair<const Point*, coordf_t> circle_closest = circle_centers_lookup.find(center_last);
if (circle_closest.first != nullptr) {
-- it;
continue;
}
} else {
// All of the segment is outside the circle. Take the first point.
seg_current_pt = &p1;
seg_current_t = 0.;
center_last = p1;
}
// Place the first circle.
circle_centers_lookup.insert(center_last);
circle_centers.push_back(center_last);
}
external_loops.push_back(std::move(contour));
for (const Point &center : circle_centers) {
circles.push_back(circle);
circles.back().translate(center);
}
}
}
}
// Apply a pattern to the external loops.
loops0 = diff(external_loops, circles);
}
Polylines loop_lines;
{
// make more loops
Polygons loop_polygons = loops0;
for (int i = 1; i < n_contact_loops; ++ i)
polygons_append(loop_polygons,
offset2(
loops0,
- i * flow.scaled_spacing() - 0.5f * flow.scaled_spacing(),
0.5f * flow.scaled_spacing()));
// Clip such loops to the side oriented towards the object.
// Collect split points, so they will be recognized after the clipping.
// At the split points the clipped pieces will be stitched back together.
loop_lines.reserve(loop_polygons.size());
std::unordered_map<Point, int, PointHash> map_split_points;
for (Polygons::const_iterator it = loop_polygons.begin(); it != loop_polygons.end(); ++ it) {
assert(map_split_points.find(it->first_point()) == map_split_points.end());
map_split_points[it->first_point()] = -1;
loop_lines.push_back(it->split_at_first_point());
}
loop_lines = intersection_pl(loop_lines, offset(overhang_polygons, scale_(SUPPORT_MATERIAL_MARGIN)));
// Because a closed loop has been split to a line, loop_lines may contain continuous segments split to 2 pieces.
// Try to connect them.
for (int i_line = 0; i_line < int(loop_lines.size()); ++ i_line) {
Polyline &polyline = loop_lines[i_line];
auto it = map_split_points.find(polyline.first_point());
if (it != map_split_points.end()) {
// This is a stitching point.
// If this assert triggers, multiple source polygons likely intersected at this point.
assert(it->second != -2);
if (it->second < 0) {
// First occurence.
it->second = i_line;
} else {
// Second occurence. Join the lines.
Polyline &polyline_1st = loop_lines[it->second];
assert(polyline_1st.first_point() == it->first || polyline_1st.last_point() == it->first);
if (polyline_1st.first_point() == it->first)
polyline_1st.reverse();
polyline_1st.append(std::move(polyline));
it->second = -2;
}
continue;
}
it = map_split_points.find(polyline.last_point());
if (it != map_split_points.end()) {
// This is a stitching point.
// If this assert triggers, multiple source polygons likely intersected at this point.
assert(it->second != -2);
if (it->second < 0) {
// First occurence.
it->second = i_line;
} else {
// Second occurence. Join the lines.
Polyline &polyline_1st = loop_lines[it->second];
assert(polyline_1st.first_point() == it->first || polyline_1st.last_point() == it->first);
if (polyline_1st.first_point() == it->first)
polyline_1st.reverse();
polyline.reverse();
polyline_1st.append(std::move(polyline));
it->second = -2;
}
}
}
// Remove empty lines.
remove_degenerate(loop_lines);
}
// add the contact infill area to the interface area
// note that growing loops by $circle_radius ensures no tiny
// extrusions are left inside the circles; however it creates
// a very large gap between loops and contact_infill_polygons, so maybe another
// solution should be found to achieve both goals
// Store the trimmed polygons into a separate polygon set, so the original infill area remains intact for
// "modulate by layer thickness".
top_contact_layer.set_polygons_to_extrude(diff(top_contact_layer.layer->polygons, offset(loop_lines, float(circle_radius * 1.1))));
// Transform loops into ExtrusionPath objects.
extrusion_entities_append_paths(
top_contact_layer.extrusions,
std::move(loop_lines),
erSupportMaterialInterface, flow.mm3_per_mm(), flow.width, flow.height);
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static std::string dbg_index_to_color(int idx)
{
if (idx < 0)
return "yellow";
idx = idx % 3;
switch (idx) {
case 0: return "red";
case 1: return "green";
default: return "blue";
}
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// When extruding a bottom interface layer over an object, the bottom interface layer is extruded in a thin air, therefore
// it is being extruded with a bridging flow to not shrink excessively (the die swell effect).
// Tiny extrusions are better avoided and it is always better to anchor the thread to an existing support structure if possible.
// Therefore the bottom interface spots are expanded a bit. The expanded regions may overlap with another bottom interface layers,
// leading to over extrusion, where they overlap. The over extrusion is better avoided as it often makes the interface layers
// to stick too firmly to the object.
void modulate_extrusion_by_overlapping_layers(
// Extrusions generated for this_layer.
ExtrusionEntitiesPtr &extrusions_in_out,
const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer &this_layer,
// Multiple layers overlapping with this_layer, sorted bottom up.
const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayersPtr &overlapping_layers)
{
size_t n_overlapping_layers = overlapping_layers.size();
if (n_overlapping_layers == 0 || extrusions_in_out.empty())
// The extrusions do not overlap with any other extrusion.
return;
// Get the initial extrusion parameters.
ExtrusionPath *extrusion_path_template = dynamic_cast<ExtrusionPath*>(extrusions_in_out.front());
assert(extrusion_path_template != nullptr);
ExtrusionRole extrusion_role = extrusion_path_template->role();
float extrusion_width = extrusion_path_template->width;
struct ExtrusionPathFragment
{
ExtrusionPathFragment() : mm3_per_mm(-1), width(-1), height(-1) {};
ExtrusionPathFragment(double mm3_per_mm, float width, float height) : mm3_per_mm(mm3_per_mm), width(width), height(height) {};
Polylines polylines;
double mm3_per_mm;
float width;
float height;
};
// Split the extrusions by the overlapping layers, reduce their extrusion rate.
// The last path_fragment is from this_layer.
std::vector<ExtrusionPathFragment> path_fragments(
n_overlapping_layers + 1,
ExtrusionPathFragment(extrusion_path_template->mm3_per_mm, extrusion_path_template->width, extrusion_path_template->height));
// Don't use it, it will be released.
extrusion_path_template = nullptr;
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
static int iRun = 0;
++ iRun;
BoundingBox bbox;
for (size_t i_overlapping_layer = 0; i_overlapping_layer < n_overlapping_layers; ++ i_overlapping_layer) {
const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer &overlapping_layer = *overlapping_layers[i_overlapping_layer];
bbox.merge(get_extents(overlapping_layer.polygons));
}
for (ExtrusionEntitiesPtr::const_iterator it = extrusions_in_out.begin(); it != extrusions_in_out.end(); ++ it) {
ExtrusionPath *path = dynamic_cast<ExtrusionPath*>(*it);
assert(path != nullptr);
bbox.merge(get_extents(path->polyline));
}
SVG svg(debug_out_path("support-fragments-%d-%lf.svg", iRun, this_layer.print_z).c_str(), bbox);
const float transparency = 0.5f;
// Filled polygons for the overlapping regions.
svg.draw(union_ex(this_layer.polygons), dbg_index_to_color(-1), transparency);
for (size_t i_overlapping_layer = 0; i_overlapping_layer < n_overlapping_layers; ++ i_overlapping_layer) {
const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer &overlapping_layer = *overlapping_layers[i_overlapping_layer];
svg.draw(union_ex(overlapping_layer.polygons), dbg_index_to_color(int(i_overlapping_layer)), transparency);
}
// Contours of the overlapping regions.
svg.draw(to_polylines(this_layer.polygons), dbg_index_to_color(-1), scale_(0.2));
for (size_t i_overlapping_layer = 0; i_overlapping_layer < n_overlapping_layers; ++ i_overlapping_layer) {
const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer &overlapping_layer = *overlapping_layers[i_overlapping_layer];
svg.draw(to_polylines(overlapping_layer.polygons), dbg_index_to_color(int(i_overlapping_layer)), scale_(0.1));
}
// Fill extrusion, the source.
for (ExtrusionEntitiesPtr::const_iterator it = extrusions_in_out.begin(); it != extrusions_in_out.end(); ++ it) {
ExtrusionPath *path = dynamic_cast<ExtrusionPath*>(*it);
std::string color_name;
switch ((it - extrusions_in_out.begin()) % 9) {
case 0: color_name = "magenta"; break;
case 1: color_name = "deepskyblue"; break;
case 2: color_name = "coral"; break;
case 3: color_name = "goldenrod"; break;
case 4: color_name = "orange"; break;
case 5: color_name = "olivedrab"; break;
case 6: color_name = "blueviolet"; break;
case 7: color_name = "brown"; break;
default: color_name = "orchid"; break;
}
svg.draw(path->polyline, color_name, scale_(0.2));
}
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// End points of the original paths.
std::vector<std::pair<Point, Point>> path_ends;
// Collect the paths of this_layer.
{
Polylines &polylines = path_fragments.back().polylines;
for (ExtrusionEntitiesPtr::const_iterator it = extrusions_in_out.begin(); it != extrusions_in_out.end(); ++ it) {
ExtrusionPath *path = dynamic_cast<ExtrusionPath*>(*it);
assert(path != nullptr);
polylines.emplace_back(Polyline(std::move(path->polyline)));
path_ends.emplace_back(std::pair<Point, Point>(polylines.back().points.front(), polylines.back().points.back()));
}
}
// Destroy the original extrusion paths, their polylines were moved to path_fragments already.
// This will be the destination for the new paths.
extrusions_in_out.clear();
// Fragment the path segments by overlapping layers. The overlapping layers are sorted by an increasing print_z.
// Trim by the highest overlapping layer first.
for (int i_overlapping_layer = int(n_overlapping_layers) - 1; i_overlapping_layer >= 0; -- i_overlapping_layer) {
const PrintObjectSupportMaterial::MyLayer &overlapping_layer = *overlapping_layers[i_overlapping_layer];
ExtrusionPathFragment &frag = path_fragments[i_overlapping_layer];
Polygons polygons_trimming = offset(union_ex(overlapping_layer.polygons), float(scale_(0.5*extrusion_width)));
frag.polylines = intersection_pl(path_fragments.back().polylines, polygons_trimming, false);
path_fragments.back().polylines = diff_pl(path_fragments.back().polylines, polygons_trimming, false);
// Adjust the extrusion parameters for a reduced layer height and a non-bridging flow (nozzle_dmr = -1, does not matter).
assert(this_layer.print_z > overlapping_layer.print_z);
frag.height = float(this_layer.print_z - overlapping_layer.print_z);
frag.mm3_per_mm = Flow(frag.width, frag.height, -1.f, false).mm3_per_mm();
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
svg.draw(frag.polylines, dbg_index_to_color(i_overlapping_layer), scale_(0.1));
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
}
#ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
svg.draw(path_fragments.back().polylines, dbg_index_to_color(-1), scale_(0.1));
svg.Close();
#endif /* SLIC3R_DEBUG */
// Now chain the split segments using hashing and a nearly exact match, maintaining the order of segments.
// Create a single ExtrusionPath or ExtrusionEntityCollection per source ExtrusionPath.
// Map of fragment start/end points to a pair of <i_overlapping_layer, i_polyline_in_layer>
// Because a non-exact matching is used for the end points, a multi-map is used.
// As the clipper library may reverse the order of some clipped paths, store both ends into the map.
struct ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd
{
ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd(size_t alayer_idx, size_t apolyline_idx, bool ais_start) :
layer_idx(alayer_idx), polyline_idx(apolyline_idx), is_start(ais_start) {}
size_t layer_idx;
size_t polyline_idx;
bool is_start;
};
class ExtrusionPathFragmentEndPointAccessor {
public:
ExtrusionPathFragmentEndPointAccessor(const std::vector<ExtrusionPathFragment> &path_fragments) : m_path_fragments(path_fragments) {}
// Return an end point of a fragment, or nullptr if the fragment has been consumed already.
const Point* operator()(const ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd &fragment_end) const {
const Polyline &polyline = m_path_fragments[fragment_end.layer_idx].polylines[fragment_end.polyline_idx];
return polyline.points.empty() ? nullptr :
(fragment_end.is_start ? &polyline.points.front() : &polyline.points.back());
}
private:
ExtrusionPathFragmentEndPointAccessor& operator=(const ExtrusionPathFragmentEndPointAccessor&) {
return *this;
}
const std::vector<ExtrusionPathFragment> &m_path_fragments;
};
const coord_t search_radius = 7;
ClosestPointInRadiusLookup<ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd, ExtrusionPathFragmentEndPointAccessor> map_fragment_starts(
search_radius, ExtrusionPathFragmentEndPointAccessor(path_fragments));
for (size_t i_overlapping_layer = 0; i_overlapping_layer <= n_overlapping_layers; ++ i_overlapping_layer) {
const Polylines &polylines = path_fragments[i_overlapping_layer].polylines;
for (size_t i_polyline = 0; i_polyline < polylines.size(); ++ i_polyline) {
// Map a starting point of a polyline to a pair of <layer, polyline>
if (polylines[i_polyline].points.size() >= 2) {
map_fragment_starts.insert(ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd(i_overlapping_layer, i_polyline, true));
map_fragment_starts.insert(ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd(i_overlapping_layer, i_polyline, false));
}
}
}
// For each source path:
for (size_t i_path = 0; i_path < path_ends.size(); ++ i_path) {
const Point &pt_start = path_ends[i_path].first;
const Point &pt_end = path_ends[i_path].second;
Point pt_current = pt_start;
// Find a chain of fragments with the original / reduced print height.
ExtrusionMultiPath multipath;
for (;;) {
// Find a closest end point to pt_current.
std::pair<const ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd*, coordf_t> end_and_dist2 = map_fragment_starts.find(pt_current);
// There may be a bug in Clipper flipping the order of two last points in a fragment?
// assert(end_and_dist2.first != nullptr);
assert(end_and_dist2.first == nullptr || end_and_dist2.second < search_radius * search_radius);
if (end_and_dist2.first == nullptr) {
// New fragment connecting to pt_current was not found.
// Verify that the last point found is close to the original end point of the unfragmented path.
//const double d2 = (pt_end - pt_current).cast<double>.squaredNorm();
//assert(d2 < coordf_t(search_radius * search_radius));
// End of the path.
break;
}
const ExtrusionPathFragmentEnd &fragment_end_min = *end_and_dist2.first;
// Fragment to consume.
ExtrusionPathFragment &frag = path_fragments[fragment_end_min.layer_idx];
Polyline &frag_polyline = frag.polylines[fragment_end_min.polyline_idx];
// Path to append the fragment to.
ExtrusionPath *path = multipath.paths.empty() ? nullptr : &multipath.paths.back();
if (path != nullptr) {
// Verify whether the path is compatible with the current fragment.
assert(this_layer.layer_type == PrintObjectSupportMaterial::sltBottomContact || path->height != frag.height || path->mm3_per_mm != frag.mm3_per_mm);
if (path->height != frag.height || path->mm3_per_mm != frag.mm3_per_mm) {
path = nullptr;
}
// Merging with the previous path. This can only happen if the current layer was reduced by a base layer, which was split into a base and interface layer.
}
if (path == nullptr) {
// Allocate a new path.
multipath.paths.push_back(ExtrusionPath(extrusion_role, frag.mm3_per_mm, frag.width, frag.height));
path = &multipath.paths.back();
}
// The Clipper library may flip the order of the clipped polylines arbitrarily.
// Reverse the source polyline, if connecting to the end.
if (! fragment_end_min.is_start)
frag_polyline.reverse();
// Enforce exact overlap of the end points of successive fragments.
assert(frag_polyline.points.front() == pt_current);
frag_polyline.points.front() = pt_current;
// Don't repeat the first point.
if (! path->polyline.points.empty())
path->polyline.points.pop_back();
// Consume the fragment's polyline, remove it from the input fragments, so it will be ignored the next time.
path->polyline.append(std::move(frag_polyline));
frag_polyline.points.clear();
pt_current = path->polyline.points.back();
if (pt_current == pt_end) {
// End of the path.
break;
}
}
if (!multipath.paths.empty()) {
if (multipath.paths.size() == 1) {
// This path was not fragmented.
extrusions_in_out.push_back(new ExtrusionPath(std::move(multipath.paths.front())));
} else {
// This path was fragmented. Copy the collection as a whole object, so the order inside the collection will not be changed
// during the chaining of extrusions_in_out.
extrusions_in_out.push_back(new ExtrusionMultiPath(std::move(multipath)));
}
}
}
// If there are any non-consumed fragments, add them separately.
//FIXME this shall not happen, if the Clipper works as expected and all paths split to fragments could be re-connected.
for (auto it_fragment = path_fragments.begin(); it_fragment != path_fragments.end(); ++ it_fragment)
extrusion_entities_append_paths(extrusions_in_out, std::move(it_fragment->polylines), extrusion_role, it_fragment->mm3_per_mm, it_fragment->width, it_fragment->height);
}
void PrintObjectSupportMaterial::generate_toolpaths(
const PrintObject &object,
const MyLayersPtr &raft_layers,
const MyLayersPtr &bottom_contacts,
const MyLayersPtr &top_contacts,
const MyLayersPtr &intermediate_layers,
const MyLayersPtr &interface_layers) const
{
// Slic3r::debugf "Generating patterns\n";
// loop_interface_processor with a given circle radius.
LoopInterfaceProcessor loop_interface_processor(1.5 * m_support_material_interface_flow.scaled_width());
loop_interface_processor.n_contact_loops = this->has_contact_loops() ? 1 : 0;
float base_angle = Geometry::deg2rad(float(m_object_config->support_material_angle.value));
float interface_angle = Geometry::deg2rad(float(m_object_config->support_material_angle.value + 90.));
coordf_t interface_spacing = m_object_config->support_material_interface_spacing.value + m_support_material_interface_flow.spacing();
coordf_t interface_density = std::min(1., m_support_material_interface_flow.spacing() / interface_spacing);
coordf_t support_spacing = m_object_config->support_material_spacing.value + m_support_material_flow.spacing();
coordf_t support_density = std::min(1., m_support_material_flow.spacing() / support_spacing);
if (m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers.value == 0) {
// No interface layers allowed, print everything with the base support pattern.
interface_spacing = support_spacing;
interface_density = support_density;
}
// Prepare fillers.
SupportMaterialPattern support_pattern = m_object_config->support_material_pattern;
bool with_sheath = m_object_config->support_material_with_sheath;
InfillPattern infill_pattern = (support_pattern == smpHoneycomb ? ipHoneycomb : ipRectilinear);
std::vector<float> angles;
angles.push_back(base_angle);
if (support_pattern == smpRectilinearGrid)
angles.push_back(interface_angle);
BoundingBox bbox_object(Point(-scale_(1.), -scale_(1.0)), Point(scale_(1.), scale_(1.)));
// const coordf_t link_max_length_factor = 3.;
const coordf_t link_max_length_factor = 0.;
float raft_angle_1st_layer = 0.f;
float raft_angle_base = 0.f;
float raft_angle_interface = 0.f;
if (m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers > 1) {
// There are all raft layer types (1st layer, base, interface & contact layers) available.
raft_angle_1st_layer = interface_angle;
raft_angle_base = base_angle;
raft_angle_interface = interface_angle;
} else if (m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers == 1 || m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layers > 1) {
// 1st layer, interface & contact layers available.
raft_angle_1st_layer = base_angle;
if (this->has_support())
// Print 1st layer at 45 degrees from both the interface and base angles as both can land on the 1st layer.
raft_angle_1st_layer += 0.7854f;
raft_angle_interface = interface_angle;
} else if (m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layers == 1) {
// Only the contact raft layer is non-empty, which will be printed as the 1st layer.
assert(m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers == 0);
assert(m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layers == 1);
assert(m_slicing_params.raft_layers() == 1 && raft_layers.size() == 0);
} else {
// No raft.
assert(m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers == 0);
assert(m_slicing_params.interface_raft_layers == 0);
assert(m_slicing_params.raft_layers() == 0 && raft_layers.size() == 0);
}
// Insert the raft base layers.
size_t n_raft_layers = size_t(std::max(0, int(m_slicing_params.raft_layers()) - 1));
tbb::parallel_for(tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(0, n_raft_layers),
[this, &object, &raft_layers,
infill_pattern, &bbox_object, support_density, interface_density, raft_angle_1st_layer, raft_angle_base, raft_angle_interface, link_max_length_factor, with_sheath]
(const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
for (size_t support_layer_id = range.begin(); support_layer_id < range.end(); ++ support_layer_id)
{
assert(support_layer_id < raft_layers.size());
SupportLayer &support_layer = *object.support_layers()[support_layer_id];
assert(support_layer.support_fills.entities.empty());
MyLayer &raft_layer = *raft_layers[support_layer_id];
std::unique_ptr<Fill> filler_interface = std::unique_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(ipRectilinear));
std::unique_ptr<Fill> filler_support = std::unique_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(infill_pattern));
filler_interface->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
filler_support->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
// Print the support base below the support columns, or the support base for the support columns plus the contacts.
if (support_layer_id > 0) {
Polygons to_infill_polygons = (support_layer_id < m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers) ?
raft_layer.polygons :
//FIXME misusing contact_polygons for support columns.
((raft_layer.contact_polygons == nullptr) ? Polygons() : *raft_layer.contact_polygons);
if (! to_infill_polygons.empty()) {
Flow flow(float(m_support_material_flow.width), float(raft_layer.height), m_support_material_flow.nozzle_diameter, raft_layer.bridging);
// find centerline of the external loop/extrusions
ExPolygons to_infill = (support_layer_id == 0 || ! with_sheath) ?
// union_ex(base_polygons, true) :
offset2_ex(to_infill_polygons, float(SCALED_EPSILON), float(- SCALED_EPSILON)) :
offset2_ex(to_infill_polygons, float(SCALED_EPSILON), float(- SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5*flow.scaled_width()));
if (! to_infill.empty() && with_sheath) {
// Draw a perimeter all around the support infill. This makes the support stable, but difficult to remove.
// TODO: use brim ordering algorithm
to_infill_polygons = to_polygons(to_infill);
// TODO: use offset2_ex()
to_infill = offset_ex(to_infill, float(- 0.4 * flow.scaled_spacing()));
extrusion_entities_append_paths(
support_layer.support_fills.entities,
to_polylines(std::move(to_infill_polygons)),
erSupportMaterial, flow.mm3_per_mm(), flow.width, flow.height);
}
if (! to_infill.empty()) {
// We don't use $base_flow->spacing because we need a constant spacing
// value that guarantees that all layers are correctly aligned.
Fill *filler = filler_support.get();
filler->angle = raft_angle_base;
filler->spacing = m_support_material_flow.spacing();
filler->link_max_length = coord_t(scale_(filler->spacing * link_max_length_factor / support_density));
fill_expolygons_generate_paths(
// Destination
support_layer.support_fills.entities,
// Regions to fill
std::move(to_infill),
// Filler and its parameters
filler, float(support_density),
// Extrusion parameters
erSupportMaterial, flow);
}
}
}
Fill *filler = filler_interface.get();
Flow flow = m_first_layer_flow;
float density = 0.f;
if (support_layer_id == 0) {
// Base flange.
filler->angle = raft_angle_1st_layer;
filler->spacing = m_first_layer_flow.spacing();
// 70% of density on the 1st layer.
density = 0.7f;
} else if (support_layer_id >= m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers) {
filler->angle = raft_angle_interface;
// We don't use $base_flow->spacing because we need a constant spacing
// value that guarantees that all layers are correctly aligned.
filler->spacing = m_support_material_flow.spacing();
flow = Flow(float(m_support_material_interface_flow.width), float(raft_layer.height), m_support_material_flow.nozzle_diameter, raft_layer.bridging);
density = float(interface_density);
} else
continue;
filler->link_max_length = coord_t(scale_(filler->spacing * link_max_length_factor / density));
fill_expolygons_generate_paths(
// Destination
support_layer.support_fills.entities,
// Regions to fill
offset2_ex(raft_layer.polygons, float(SCALED_EPSILON), float(- SCALED_EPSILON)),
// Filler and its parameters
filler, density,
// Extrusion parameters
(support_layer_id < m_slicing_params.base_raft_layers) ? erSupportMaterial : erSupportMaterialInterface, flow);
}
});
struct LayerCacheItem {
LayerCacheItem(MyLayerExtruded *layer_extruded = nullptr) : layer_extruded(layer_extruded) {}
MyLayerExtruded *layer_extruded;
std::vector<MyLayer*> overlapping;
};
struct LayerCache {
MyLayerExtruded bottom_contact_layer;
MyLayerExtruded top_contact_layer;
MyLayerExtruded base_layer;
MyLayerExtruded interface_layer;
std::vector<LayerCacheItem> overlaps;
};
std::vector<LayerCache> layer_caches(object.support_layers().size(), LayerCache());
tbb::parallel_for(tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(n_raft_layers, object.support_layers().size()),
[this, &object, &bottom_contacts, &top_contacts, &intermediate_layers, &interface_layers, &layer_caches, &loop_interface_processor,
infill_pattern, &bbox_object, support_density, interface_density, interface_angle, &angles, link_max_length_factor, with_sheath]
(const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
// Indices of the 1st layer in their respective container at the support layer height.
size_t idx_layer_bottom_contact = size_t(-1);
size_t idx_layer_top_contact = size_t(-1);
size_t idx_layer_intermediate = size_t(-1);
size_t idx_layer_inteface = size_t(-1);
std::unique_ptr<Fill> filler_interface = std::unique_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(m_slicing_params.soluble_interface ? ipConcentric : ipRectilinear));
std::unique_ptr<Fill> filler_support = std::unique_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(infill_pattern));
filler_interface->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
filler_support->set_bounding_box(bbox_object);
for (size_t support_layer_id = range.begin(); support_layer_id < range.end(); ++ support_layer_id)
{
SupportLayer &support_layer = *object.support_layers()[support_layer_id];
LayerCache &layer_cache = layer_caches[support_layer_id];
// Find polygons with the same print_z.
MyLayerExtruded &bottom_contact_layer = layer_cache.bottom_contact_layer;
MyLayerExtruded &top_contact_layer = layer_cache.top_contact_layer;
MyLayerExtruded &base_layer = layer_cache.base_layer;
MyLayerExtruded &interface_layer = layer_cache.interface_layer;
// Increment the layer indices to find a layer at support_layer.print_z.
{
auto fun = [&support_layer](const MyLayer *l){ return l->print_z >= support_layer.print_z - EPSILON; };
idx_layer_bottom_contact = idx_higher_or_equal(bottom_contacts, idx_layer_bottom_contact, fun);
idx_layer_top_contact = idx_higher_or_equal(top_contacts, idx_layer_top_contact, fun);
idx_layer_intermediate = idx_higher_or_equal(intermediate_layers, idx_layer_intermediate, fun);
idx_layer_inteface = idx_higher_or_equal(interface_layers, idx_layer_inteface, fun);
}
// Copy polygons from the layers.
if (idx_layer_bottom_contact < bottom_contacts.size() && bottom_contacts[idx_layer_bottom_contact]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
bottom_contact_layer.layer = bottom_contacts[idx_layer_bottom_contact];
if (idx_layer_top_contact < top_contacts.size() && top_contacts[idx_layer_top_contact]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
top_contact_layer.layer = top_contacts[idx_layer_top_contact];
if (idx_layer_inteface < interface_layers.size() && interface_layers[idx_layer_inteface]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
interface_layer.layer = interface_layers[idx_layer_inteface];
if (idx_layer_intermediate < intermediate_layers.size() && intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate]->print_z < support_layer.print_z + EPSILON)
base_layer.layer = intermediate_layers[idx_layer_intermediate];
if (m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers == 0) {
// If no interface layers were requested, we treat the contact layer exactly as a generic base layer.
if (m_can_merge_support_regions) {
if (base_layer.could_merge(top_contact_layer))
base_layer.merge(std::move(top_contact_layer));
else if (base_layer.empty() && !top_contact_layer.empty() && !top_contact_layer.layer->bridging)
std::swap(base_layer, top_contact_layer);
if (base_layer.could_merge(bottom_contact_layer))
base_layer.merge(std::move(bottom_contact_layer));
else if (base_layer.empty() && !bottom_contact_layer.empty() && !bottom_contact_layer.layer->bridging)
std::swap(base_layer, bottom_contact_layer);
}
} else {
loop_interface_processor.generate(top_contact_layer, m_support_material_interface_flow);
// If no loops are allowed, we treat the contact layer exactly as a generic interface layer.
// Merge interface_layer into top_contact_layer, as the top_contact_layer is not synchronized and therefore it will be used
// to trim other layers.
if (top_contact_layer.could_merge(interface_layer))
top_contact_layer.merge(std::move(interface_layer));
}
if (! interface_layer.empty() && ! base_layer.empty()) {
// turn base support into interface when it's contained in our holes
// (this way we get wider interface anchoring)
//FIXME one wants to fill in the inner most holes of the interfaces, not all the holes.
Polygons islands = top_level_islands(interface_layer.layer->polygons);
polygons_append(interface_layer.layer->polygons, intersection(base_layer.layer->polygons, islands));
base_layer.layer->polygons = diff(base_layer.layer->polygons, islands);
}
// Top and bottom contacts, interface layers.
for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++ i) {
MyLayerExtruded &layer_ex = (i == 0) ? top_contact_layer : (i == 1 ? bottom_contact_layer : interface_layer);
if (layer_ex.empty() || layer_ex.polygons_to_extrude().empty())
continue;
//FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
bool interface_as_base = (&layer_ex == &interface_layer) && m_object_config->support_material_interface_layers.value == 0;
//FIXME Bottom interfaces are extruded with the briding flow. Some bridging layers have its height slightly reduced, therefore
// the bridging flow does not quite apply. Reduce the flow to area of an ellipse? (A = pi * a * b)
Flow interface_flow(
float(layer_ex.layer->bridging ? layer_ex.layer->height : (interface_as_base ? m_support_material_flow.width : m_support_material_interface_flow.width)),
float(layer_ex.layer->height),
m_support_material_interface_flow.nozzle_diameter,
layer_ex.layer->bridging);
filler_interface->angle = interface_as_base ?
// If zero interface layers are configured, use the same angle as for the base layers.
angles[support_layer_id % angles.size()] :
// Use interface angle for the interface layers.
interface_angle;
filler_interface->spacing = m_support_material_interface_flow.spacing();
filler_interface->link_max_length = coord_t(scale_(filler_interface->spacing * link_max_length_factor / interface_density));
fill_expolygons_generate_paths(
// Destination
layer_ex.extrusions,
// Regions to fill
union_ex(layer_ex.polygons_to_extrude(), true),
// Filler and its parameters
filler_interface.get(), float(interface_density),
// Extrusion parameters
erSupportMaterialInterface, interface_flow);
}
// Base support or flange.
if (! base_layer.empty() && ! base_layer.polygons_to_extrude().empty()) {
//FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
Fill *filler = filler_support.get();
filler->angle = angles[support_layer_id % angles.size()];
// We don't use $base_flow->spacing because we need a constant spacing
// value that guarantees that all layers are correctly aligned.
Flow flow(
float(base_layer.layer->bridging ? base_layer.layer->height : m_support_material_flow.width),
float(base_layer.layer->height),
m_support_material_flow.nozzle_diameter,
base_layer.layer->bridging);
filler->spacing = m_support_material_flow.spacing();
filler->link_max_length = coord_t(scale_(filler->spacing * link_max_length_factor / support_density));
float density = float(support_density);
// find centerline of the external loop/extrusions
ExPolygons to_infill = (support_layer_id == 0 || ! with_sheath) ?
// union_ex(base_polygons, true) :
offset2_ex(base_layer.polygons_to_extrude(), float(SCALED_EPSILON), float(- SCALED_EPSILON)) :
offset2_ex(base_layer.polygons_to_extrude(), float(SCALED_EPSILON), float(- SCALED_EPSILON - 0.5*flow.scaled_width()));
if (base_layer.layer->bottom_z < EPSILON) {
// Base flange (the 1st layer).
filler = filler_interface.get();
filler->angle = Geometry::deg2rad(float(m_object_config->support_material_angle.value + 90.));
density = 0.5f;
flow = m_first_layer_flow;
// use the proper spacing for first layer as we don't need to align
// its pattern to the other layers
//FIXME When paralellizing, each thread shall have its own copy of the fillers.
filler->spacing = flow.spacing();
filler->link_max_length = coord_t(scale_(filler->spacing * link_max_length_factor / density));
} else if (with_sheath) {
// Draw a perimeter all around the support infill. This makes the support stable, but difficult to remove.
// TODO: use brim ordering algorithm
Polygons to_infill_polygons = to_polygons(to_infill);
// TODO: use offset2_ex()
to_infill = offset_ex(to_infill, - 0.4f * float(flow.scaled_spacing()));
extrusion_entities_append_paths(
base_layer.extrusions,
to_polylines(std::move(to_infill_polygons)),
erSupportMaterial, flow.mm3_per_mm(), flow.width, flow.height);
}
fill_expolygons_generate_paths(
// Destination
base_layer.extrusions,
// Regions to fill
std::move(to_infill),
// Filler and its parameters
filler, density,
// Extrusion parameters
erSupportMaterial, flow);
}
layer_cache.overlaps.reserve(4);
if (! bottom_contact_layer.empty())
layer_cache.overlaps.push_back(&bottom_contact_layer);
if (! top_contact_layer.empty())
layer_cache.overlaps.push_back(&top_contact_layer);
if (! interface_layer.empty())
layer_cache.overlaps.push_back(&interface_layer);
if (! base_layer.empty())
layer_cache.overlaps.push_back(&base_layer);
// Sort the layers with the same print_z coordinate by their heights, thickest first.
std::sort(layer_cache.overlaps.begin(), layer_cache.overlaps.end(), [](const LayerCacheItem &lc1, const LayerCacheItem &lc2) { return lc1.layer_extruded->layer->height > lc2.layer_extruded->layer->height; });
// Collect the support areas with this print_z into islands, as there is no need
// for retraction over these islands.
Polygons polys;
// Collect the extrusions, sorted by the bottom extrusion height.
for (LayerCacheItem &layer_cache_item : layer_cache.overlaps) {
// Collect islands to polys.
layer_cache_item.layer_extruded->polygons_append(polys);
// The print_z of the top contact surfaces and bottom_z of the bottom contact surfaces are "free"
// in a sense that they are not synchronized with other support layers. As the top and bottom contact surfaces
// are inflated to achieve a better anchoring, it may happen, that these surfaces will at least partially
// overlap in Z with another support layers, leading to over-extrusion.
// Mitigate the over-extrusion by modulating the extrusion rate over these regions.
// The print head will follow the same print_z, but the layer thickness will be reduced
// where it overlaps with another support layer.
//FIXME When printing a briging path, what is an equivalent height of the squished extrudate of the same width?
// Collect overlapping top/bottom surfaces.
layer_cache_item.overlapping.reserve(16);
coordf_t bottom_z = layer_cache_item.layer_extruded->layer->bottom_print_z() + EPSILON;
for (int i = int(idx_layer_bottom_contact) - 1; i >= 0 && bottom_contacts[i]->print_z > bottom_z; -- i)
layer_cache_item.overlapping.push_back(bottom_contacts[i]);
for (int i = int(idx_layer_top_contact) - 1; i >= 0 && top_contacts[i]->print_z > bottom_z; -- i)
layer_cache_item.overlapping.push_back(top_contacts[i]);
if (layer_cache_item.layer_extruded->layer->layer_type == sltBottomContact) {
// Bottom contact layer may overlap with a base layer, which may be changed to interface layer.
for (int i = int(idx_layer_intermediate) - 1; i >= 0 && intermediate_layers[i]->print_z > bottom_z; -- i)
layer_cache_item.overlapping.push_back(intermediate_layers[i]);
for (int i = int(idx_layer_inteface) - 1; i >= 0 && interface_layers[i]->print_z > bottom_z; -- i)
layer_cache_item.overlapping.push_back(interface_layers[i]);
}
std::sort(layer_cache_item.overlapping.begin(), layer_cache_item.overlapping.end(), MyLayersPtrCompare());
}
if (! polys.empty())
expolygons_append(support_layer.support_islands.expolygons, union_ex(polys));
/* {
require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
Slic3r::SVG::output("islands_" . $z . ".svg",
red_expolygons => union_ex($contact),
green_expolygons => union_ex($interface),
green_polylines => [ map $_->unpack->polyline, @{$layer->support_contact_fills} ],
polylines => [ map $_->unpack->polyline, @{$layer->support_fills} ],
);
} */
} // for each support_layer_id
});
// Now modulate the support layer height in parallel.
tbb::parallel_for(tbb::blocked_range<size_t>(n_raft_layers, object.support_layers().size()),
[this, &object, &layer_caches]
(const tbb::blocked_range<size_t>& range) {
for (size_t support_layer_id = range.begin(); support_layer_id < range.end(); ++ support_layer_id) {
SupportLayer &support_layer = *object.support_layers()[support_layer_id];
LayerCache &layer_cache = layer_caches[support_layer_id];
for (LayerCacheItem &layer_cache_item : layer_cache.overlaps) {
modulate_extrusion_by_overlapping_layers(layer_cache_item.layer_extruded->extrusions, *layer_cache_item.layer_extruded->layer, layer_cache_item.overlapping);
support_layer.support_fills.append(std::move(layer_cache_item.layer_extruded->extrusions));
}
}
});
}
/*
void PrintObjectSupportMaterial::clip_by_pillars(
const PrintObject &object,
LayersPtr &bottom_contacts,
LayersPtr &top_contacts,
LayersPtr &intermediate_contacts);
{
// this prevents supplying an empty point set to BoundingBox constructor
if (top_contacts.empty())
return;
coord_t pillar_size = scale_(PILLAR_SIZE);
coord_t pillar_spacing = scale_(PILLAR_SPACING);
// A regular grid of pillars, filling the 2D bounding box.
Polygons grid;
{
// Rectangle with a side of 2.5x2.5mm.
Polygon pillar;
pillar.points.push_back(Point(0, 0));
pillar.points.push_back(Point(pillar_size, 0));
pillar.points.push_back(Point(pillar_size, pillar_size));
pillar.points.push_back(Point(0, pillar_size));
// 2D bounding box of the projection of all contact polygons.
BoundingBox bbox;
for (LayersPtr::const_iterator it = top_contacts.begin(); it != top_contacts.end(); ++ it)
bbox.merge(get_extents((*it)->polygons));
grid.reserve(size_t(ceil(bb.size()(0) / pillar_spacing)) * size_t(ceil(bb.size()(1) / pillar_spacing)));
for (coord_t x = bb.min(0); x <= bb.max(0) - pillar_size; x += pillar_spacing) {
for (coord_t y = bb.min(1); y <= bb.max(1) - pillar_size; y += pillar_spacing) {
grid.push_back(pillar);
for (size_t i = 0; i < pillar.points.size(); ++ i)
grid.back().points[i].translate(Point(x, y));
}
}
}
// add pillars to every layer
for my $i (0..n_support_z) {
$shape->[$i] = [ @$grid ];
}
// build capitals
for my $i (0..n_support_z) {
my $z = $support_z->[$i];
my $capitals = intersection(
$grid,
$contact->{$z} // [],
);
// work on one pillar at time (if any) to prevent the capitals from being merged
// but store the contact area supported by the capital because we need to make
// sure nothing is left
my $contact_supported_by_capitals = [];
foreach my $capital (@$capitals) {
// enlarge capital tops
$capital = offset([$capital], +($pillar_spacing - $pillar_size)/2);
push @$contact_supported_by_capitals, @$capital;
for (my $j = $i-1; $j >= 0; $j--) {
my $jz = $support_z->[$j];
$capital = offset($capital, -$self->interface_flow->scaled_width/2);
last if !@$capitals;
push @{ $shape->[$j] }, @$capital;
}
}
// Capitals will not generally cover the whole contact area because there will be
// remainders. For now we handle this situation by projecting such unsupported
// areas to the ground, just like we would do with a normal support.
my $contact_not_supported_by_capitals = diff(
$contact->{$z} // [],
$contact_supported_by_capitals,
);
if (@$contact_not_supported_by_capitals) {
for (my $j = $i-1; $j >= 0; $j--) {
push @{ $shape->[$j] }, @$contact_not_supported_by_capitals;
}
}
}
}
sub clip_with_shape {
my ($self, $support, $shape) = @_;
foreach my $i (keys %$support) {
// don't clip bottom layer with shape so that we
// can generate a continuous base flange
// also don't clip raft layers
next if $i == 0;
next if $i < $self->object_config->raft_layers;
$support->{$i} = intersection(
$support->{$i},
$shape->[$i],
);
}
}
*/
} // namespace Slic3r
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