596 lines
22 KiB
Perl
596 lines
22 KiB
Perl
package Slic3r::Layer;
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use Moo;
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use Math::Clipper ':all';
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use Math::ConvexHull qw(convex_hull);
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use XXX;
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use constant PI => 4 * atan2(1, 1);
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# a sequential number of layer, starting at 0
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has 'id' => (
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is => 'ro',
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#isa => 'Int',
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required => 1,
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);
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# collection of spare segments generated by slicing the original geometry;
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# these need to be merged in continuos (closed) polylines
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has 'lines' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::Line]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# collection of surfaces generated by slicing the original geometry
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has 'surfaces' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::Surface]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# collection of surfaces representing bridges
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has 'bridges' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::Surface::Bridge]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# collection of surfaces to make perimeters for
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has 'perimeter_surfaces' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::Surface]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# ordered collection of extrusion paths to build all perimeters
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has 'perimeters' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::ExtrusionLoop]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# ordered collection of extrusion paths to build skirt loops
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has 'skirts' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::ExtrusionLoop]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# collection of surfaces generated by offsetting the innermost perimeter(s)
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# they represent boundaries of areas to fill
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has 'fill_surfaces' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::Surface::Collection]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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# ordered collection of extrusion paths to fill surfaces
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has 'fills' => (
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is => 'rw',
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#isa => 'ArrayRef[Slic3r::ExtrusionPath]',
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default => sub { [] },
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);
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sub z {
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->id * $Slic3r::layer_height / $Slic3r::resolution;
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}
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sub add_surface {
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my $self = shift;
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my (@vertices) = @_;
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# convert arrayref points to Point objects
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@vertices = map Slic3r::Point->cast($_), @vertices;
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my $surface = Slic3r::Surface->new(
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contour => Slic3r::Polyline::Closed->new(points => \@vertices),
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);
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push @{ $self->surfaces }, $surface;
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# make sure our contour has its points in counter-clockwise order
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$surface->contour->make_counter_clockwise;
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return $surface;
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}
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sub add_line {
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my $self = shift;
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my ($line) = @_;
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$line = Slic3r::Line->cast($line);
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push @{ $self->lines }, $line;
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return $line;
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}
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sub remove_line {
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my $self = shift;
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my ($line) = @_;
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@{ $self->lines } = grep $_ ne $line, @{ $self->lines };
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}
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sub remove_surface {
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my $self = shift;
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my ($surface) = @_;
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@{ $self->surfaces } = grep $_ ne $surface, @{ $self->surfaces };
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}
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# build polylines of lines which do not already belong to a surface
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# okay, this code is a mess. will need some refactoring. sorry.
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sub make_polylines {
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my $self = shift;
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# remove line duplicates
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if (0) {
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# this removes any couple of coinciding Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge
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my %lines_map = ();
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foreach my $line (grep $_->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge'), @{ $self->lines }) {
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my $ordered_id = $line->ordered_id;
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if (exists $lines_map{$ordered_id}) {
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delete $lines_map{$ordered_id};
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next;
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}
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$lines_map{$ordered_id} = $line;
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}
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@{ $self->lines } = (values(%lines_map), grep !$_->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge'), @{ $self->lines });
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}
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if (1) {
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# this removes any duplicate, leaving one
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my %lines_map = map { join(',', sort map $_->id, @{$_->points} ) => "$_" } @{ $self->lines };
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%lines_map = reverse %lines_map;
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@{ $self->lines } = grep $lines_map{"$_"}, @{ $self->lines };
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}
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# now remove lines that are already part of a surface
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if (1) {
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my @lines = @{ $self->lines };
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@{ $self->lines } = ();
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LINE: foreach my $line (@lines) {
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if (!$line->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge')) {
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push @{ $self->lines }, $line;
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next LINE;
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}
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foreach my $surface (@{$self->surfaces}) {
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if ($surface->surface_type eq $line->edge_type && $surface->contour->has_segment($line)) {
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next LINE;
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}
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}
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push @{ $self->lines }, $line;
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}
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}
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# make a cache of line endpoints
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my (%pointmap) = ();
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foreach my $line (@{ $self->lines }) {
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for my $point (@{ $line->points }) {
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$pointmap{$point->id} ||= [];
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push @{ $pointmap{$point->id} }, $line;
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}
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}
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foreach my $point_id (keys %pointmap) {
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$pointmap{$point_id} = [
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sort { $a->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge') <=> $b->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge') }
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@{$pointmap{$point_id}} ];
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}
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if (0) {
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# defensive programming
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for (keys %pointmap) {
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next if @{$pointmap{$_}} == 2;
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use Slic3r::SVG;
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Slic3r::SVG::output(undef, "lines_and_points.svg",
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lines => [ map $_->p, grep !$_->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge'), @{$self->lines} ],
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red_lines => [ map $_->p, grep $_->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge'), @{$self->lines} ],
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points => [ map [split /,/], keys %pointmap ],
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red_points => [ [split /,/, $_ ] ],
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);
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YYY $pointmap{$_};
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die sprintf "No point should be endpoint of less or more than 2 lines ($_ => %d)!", scalar(@{$pointmap{$_}});
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}
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while (my @single_line_points = grep @{$pointmap{$_}} == 1, keys %pointmap) {
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for my $point_id (@single_line_points) {
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foreach my $lines (values %pointmap) {
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next unless $pointmap{$point_id}->[0];
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@$lines = grep $_ ne $pointmap{$point_id}->[0], @$lines;
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}
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delete $pointmap{$point_id};
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}
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}
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}
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# make a subroutine to remove lines from pointmap
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my $remove_line = sub {
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my $line = shift;
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foreach my $lines ($pointmap{$line->a->id}, $pointmap{$line->b->id}) {
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@$lines = grep $_ ne $line, @$lines;
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}
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};
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my $polylines = [];
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# loop while we have spare lines
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while (my ($first_line) = map @$_, values %pointmap) {
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# add first line to a new polyline
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my $points = [ $first_line->a, $first_line->b ];
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$remove_line->($first_line);
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my $last_point = $first_line->b;
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# loop through connected lines until we return to the first point
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while (my $next_line = $pointmap{$last_point->id}->[0]) {
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# get next point
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($last_point) = grep $_->id ne $last_point->id, @{$next_line->points};
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# add point to polyline
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push @$points, $last_point;
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$remove_line->($next_line);
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}
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# remove last point as it coincides with first one
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pop @$points;
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if (@$points == 1 && $first_line->isa('Slic3r::Line::FacetEdge')) {
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Slic3r::debugf "Skipping spare facet edge";
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next;
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}
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die sprintf "Invalid polyline with only %d points\n", scalar(@$points) if @$points < 3;
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Slic3r::debugf "Discovered polyline of %d points (%s)\n", scalar @$points,
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join ' - ', map $_->id, @$points;
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push @$polylines, Slic3r::Polyline::Closed->new(points => $points);
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# actually this is not needed, as Math::Clipper used in make_surfaces() also cleans contours
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$polylines->[-1]->merge_continuous_lines;
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#$polylines->[-1]->cleanup; # not proven to be actually useful
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}
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return $polylines;
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}
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sub make_surfaces {
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my $self = shift;
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my ($polylines) = @_;
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#use Slic3r::SVG;
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#Slic3r::SVG::output_polygons($main::print, "polylines.svg", [ map $_->p, @$polylines ]);
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# count how many other polylines enclose each polyline
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# even = contour; odd = hole
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my %enclosing_polylines = ();
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my %enclosing_polylines_count = ();
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my $max_depth = 0;
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foreach my $polyline (@$polylines) {
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# a polyline encloses another one if any point of it is enclosed
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# in the other
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my $point = $polyline->points->[0];
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my $ordered_id = $polyline->id;
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# find polylines contaning $point, and thus $polyline
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$enclosing_polylines{$polyline} =
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[ grep $_->id ne $ordered_id && $_->encloses_point($point), @$polylines ];
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$enclosing_polylines_count{$polyline} = scalar @{ $enclosing_polylines{$polyline} };
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$max_depth = $enclosing_polylines_count{$polyline}
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if $enclosing_polylines_count{$polyline} > $max_depth;
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}
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# make a cache for contours and surfaces
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my %surfaces = (); # contour => surface
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# start looking at most inner polylines
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for (; $max_depth > -1; $max_depth--) {
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foreach my $polyline (@$polylines) {
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next unless $enclosing_polylines_count{$polyline} == $max_depth;
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my $surface;
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if ($enclosing_polylines_count{$polyline} % 2 == 0) {
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# this is a contour
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$polyline->make_counter_clockwise;
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$surface = Slic3r::Surface->new(contour => $polyline);
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} else {
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# this is a hole
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$polyline->make_clockwise;
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# find the enclosing polyline having immediately close depth
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my ($contour) = grep $enclosing_polylines_count{$_} == ($max_depth-1),
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@{ $enclosing_polylines{$polyline} };
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if ($surfaces{$contour}) {
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$surface = $surfaces{$contour};
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$surface->add_hole($polyline);
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} else {
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$surface = Slic3r::Surface->new(
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contour => $contour,
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holes => [$polyline],
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);
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$surfaces{$contour} = $surface;
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}
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}
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# check whether we already have this surface
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next if grep $_->id eq $surface->id, @{ $self->surfaces };
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$surface->surface_type('internal');
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push @{ $self->surfaces }, $surface;
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Slic3r::debugf "New surface: %s (%d holes: %s)\n",
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$surface->id, scalar @{$surface->holes},
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join(', ', map $_->id, @{$surface->holes}) || 'none'
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if $Slic3r::debug;
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}
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}
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}
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sub merge_contiguous_surfaces {
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my $self = shift;
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if ($Slic3r::debug) {
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Slic3r::debugf "Initial surfaces (%d):\n", scalar @{ $self->surfaces };
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Slic3r::debugf " [%s] %s (%s with %d holes)\n", $_->surface_type, $_->id,
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($_->contour->is_counter_clockwise ? 'ccw' : 'cw'), scalar @{$_->holes} for @{ $self->surfaces };
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#Slic3r::SVG::output_polygons($main::print, "polygons-before.svg", [ map $_->contour->p, @{$self->surfaces} ]);
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}
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my %resulting_surfaces = ();
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# only merge surfaces with same type
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foreach my $type (qw(bottom top internal)) {
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my $clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
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my @surfaces = grep $_->surface_type eq $type, @{$self->surfaces}
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or next;
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#Slic3r::SVG::output_polygons($main::print, "polygons-$type-before.svg", [ map $_->contour->p, @surfaces ]);
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$clipper->add_subject_polygons([ map $_->contour->p, @surfaces ]);
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my $result = $clipper->ex_execute(CT_UNION, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
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$clipper->clear;
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my @extra_holes = map @{$_->{holes}}, @$result;
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$result = [ map $_->{outer}, @$result ];
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#Slic3r::SVG::output_polygons($main::print, "polygons-$type-union.svg", $result);
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# subtract bottom or top surfaces from internal
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if ($type eq 'internal') {
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$clipper->add_subject_polygons($result);
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$clipper->add_clip_polygons([ map $_->{outer}, @{$resulting_surfaces{$_}} ])
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for qw(bottom top);
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$result = $clipper->execute(CT_DIFFERENCE, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
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$clipper->clear;
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}
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# apply holes
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$clipper->add_subject_polygons($result);
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$result = $clipper->execute(CT_DIFFERENCE, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
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$clipper->clear;
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$clipper->add_subject_polygons($result);
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$clipper->add_clip_polygons([ @extra_holes ]) if @extra_holes;
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$clipper->add_clip_polygons([ map $_->p, map @{$_->holes}, @surfaces ]);
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my $result2 = $clipper->ex_execute(CT_DIFFERENCE, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
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$resulting_surfaces{$type} = $result2;
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}
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# remove overlapping surfaces
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# (remove anything that is not internal from areas covered by internal surfaces)
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# this may happen because of rounding of Z coordinates: the model could have
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# features smaller than our layer height, so we'd get more things on a single
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# layer
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if (0) { # not proven to be necessary until now
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my $clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
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foreach my $type (qw(bottom top)) {
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$clipper->clear;
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$clipper->add_subject_polygons([ map { $_->{outer}, @{$_->{holes}} } @{$resulting_surfaces{$type}} ]);
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$clipper->add_clip_polygons([ map { $_->{outer}, @{$_->{holes}} } @{$resulting_surfaces{internal}} ]);
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$resulting_surfaces{$type} = $clipper->ex_execute(CT_DIFFERENCE, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
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}
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}
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# save surfaces
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@{ $self->surfaces } = ();
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foreach my $type (keys %resulting_surfaces) {
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foreach my $p (@{ $resulting_surfaces{$type} }) {
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push @{ $self->surfaces }, Slic3r::Surface->new(
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surface_type => $type,
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contour => Slic3r::Polyline::Closed->cast($p->{outer}),
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holes => [
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map Slic3r::Polyline::Closed->cast($_), @{$p->{holes}}
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],
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);
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}
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}
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if ($Slic3r::debug) {
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Slic3r::debugf "Final surfaces (%d):\n", scalar @{ $self->surfaces };
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Slic3r::debugf " [%s] %s (%s with %d holes)\n", $_->surface_type, $_->id,
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($_->contour->is_counter_clockwise ? 'ccw' : 'cw'), scalar @{$_->holes} for @{ $self->surfaces };
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}
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}
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sub remove_small_surfaces {
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my $self = shift;
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my @good_surfaces = ();
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foreach my $surface (@{$self->surfaces}) {
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next if !$surface->contour->is_printable;
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@{$surface->holes} = grep $_->is_printable, @{$surface->holes};
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push @good_surfaces, $surface;
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}
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@{$self->surfaces} = @good_surfaces;
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}
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sub remove_small_perimeters {
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my $self = shift;
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my @good_perimeters = grep $_->is_printable, @{$self->perimeters};
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Slic3r::debugf "removed %d unprintable perimeters\n", (@{$self->perimeters} - @good_perimeters)
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if @good_perimeters != @{$self->perimeters};
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@{$self->perimeters} = @good_perimeters;
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}
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# make bridges printable
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sub process_bridges {
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my $self = shift;
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return if $self->id == 0;
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# a bottom surface on a layer > 0 is either a bridge or a overhang
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# or a combination of both
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my @bottom_surfaces = grep $_->surface_type eq 'bottom', @{$self->surfaces} or return;
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my @supporting_surfaces = grep $_->surface_type =~ /internal/, @{$self->surfaces};
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SURFACE: foreach my $surface (@bottom_surfaces) {
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# since we can't print concave bridges, we transform the surface
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# in a convex polygon; this will print thin membranes eventually
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my $surface_p = convex_hull($surface->contour->p);
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# find all supported edges (as polylines, thus keeping notion of
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# consecutive supported edges)
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my @supported_polylines = ();
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{
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my @current_polyline = ();
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EDGE: foreach my $edge (Slic3r::Geometry::polygon_lines($surface_p)) {
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for (@supporting_surfaces) {
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local $Slic3r::Geometry::epsilon = 1E+7;
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if (Slic3r::Geometry::polygon_has_subsegment($_->contour->p, $edge)) {
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push @current_polyline, $edge;
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next EDGE;
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}
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}
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if (@current_polyline) {
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push @supported_polylines, [@current_polyline];
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@current_polyline = ();
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}
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}
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push @supported_polylines, [@current_polyline] if @current_polyline;
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}
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# defensive programming, this shouldn't happen
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if (@supported_polylines == 0) {
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Slic3r::debugf "Found bridge/overhang with no supports on layer %d; ignoring\n", $self->id;
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next SURFACE;
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}
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if (@supported_polylines == 1) {
|
|
Slic3r::debugf "Found bridge/overhang with only one support on layer %d; ignoring\n", $self->id;
|
|
next SURFACE;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# now connect the first point to the last of each polyline
|
|
@supported_polylines = map [ $_->[0]->[0], $_->[-1]->[-1] ], @supported_polylines;
|
|
|
|
# if we got more than two supports, get the longest two
|
|
if (@supported_polylines > 2) {
|
|
my %lengths = map { "$_" => Slic3r::Geometry::line_length($_) }, @supported_polylines;
|
|
@supported_polylines = sort { $lengths{"$a"} <=> $lengths{"$b"} } @supported_polylines;
|
|
@supported_polylines = @supported_polylines[0,1];
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# connect the midpoints, that will give the the optimal infill direction
|
|
my @midpoints = map Slic3r::Geometry::midpoint($_), @supported_polylines;
|
|
my $bridge_angle = -Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg(Slic3r::Geometry::line_atan(\@midpoints) + PI/2);
|
|
Slic3r::debugf "Optimal infill angle of bridge on layer %d is %d degrees\n", $self->id, $bridge_angle;
|
|
|
|
# detect which neighbor surfaces are now supporting our bridge
|
|
my @supporting_neighbor_surfaces = ();
|
|
foreach my $supporting_surface (@supporting_surfaces) {
|
|
local $Slic3r::Geometry::epsilon = 1E+7;
|
|
push @supporting_neighbor_surfaces, $supporting_surface
|
|
if grep Slic3r::Geometry::polygon_has_vertex($supporting_surface->contour->p, $_),
|
|
map $_->[0], @supported_polylines;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# defensive programming, this shouldn't happen
|
|
if (@supporting_neighbor_surfaces == 0) {
|
|
Slic3r::debugf "Couldn't find supporting surfaces on layer %d; ignoring\n", $self->id;
|
|
next SURFACE;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# now, extend our bridge by taking a portion of supporting surfaces
|
|
{
|
|
# offset the bridge by 5mm
|
|
my $bridge_offset = ${ offset([$surface_p], 5 / $Slic3r::resolution, $Slic3r::resolution * 100, JT_MITER, 2) }[0];
|
|
|
|
# calculate the new bridge
|
|
my $clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
|
|
$clipper->add_subject_polygon($surface_p);
|
|
$clipper->add_subject_polygons([ map $_->p, @supporting_neighbor_surfaces ]);
|
|
$clipper->add_clip_polygon($bridge_offset);
|
|
my $intersection = $clipper->execute(CT_INTERSECTION, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
|
|
|
|
push @{$self->bridges}, map Slic3r::Surface::Bridge->cast_from_polygon($_,
|
|
surface_type => 'bottom',
|
|
bridge_angle => $bridge_angle,
|
|
), @$intersection;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# generates a set of surfaces that will be used to make perimeters
|
|
# thus, we need to merge internal surfaces and bridges
|
|
sub detect_perimeter_surfaces {
|
|
my $self = shift;
|
|
|
|
# little optimization: skip the Clipper UNION if we have no bridges
|
|
if (!@{$self->bridges}) {
|
|
push @{$self->perimeter_surfaces}, @{$self->surfaces};
|
|
} else {
|
|
my $clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
|
|
$clipper->add_subject_polygons([ map $_->p, grep $_->surface_type =~ /internal/, @{$self->surfaces} ]);
|
|
$clipper->add_clip_polygons([ map $_->p, @{$self->bridges} ]);
|
|
my $union = $clipper->ex_execute(CT_UNION, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
|
|
|
|
push @{$self->perimeter_surfaces},
|
|
map Slic3r::Surface->cast_from_expolygon($_, surface_type => 'internal'),
|
|
@$union;
|
|
|
|
push @{$self->perimeter_surfaces},
|
|
grep $_->surface_type !~ /internal/ && ($_->surface_type ne 'bottom' || $self->id == 0),
|
|
@{$self->surfaces};
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# splits fill_surfaces in internal and bridge surfaces
|
|
sub split_bridges_fills {
|
|
my $self = shift;
|
|
|
|
my $clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
|
|
foreach my $surf_coll (@{$self->fill_surfaces}) {
|
|
my @surfaces = @{$surf_coll->surfaces};
|
|
@{$surf_coll->surfaces} = ();
|
|
|
|
# intersect fill_surfaces with bridges to get actual bridges
|
|
foreach my $bridge (@{$self->bridges}) {
|
|
$clipper->clear;
|
|
$clipper->add_subject_polygons([ map $_->p, @surfaces ]);
|
|
$clipper->add_clip_polygon($bridge->contour->p);
|
|
my $intersection = $clipper->ex_execute(CT_INTERSECTION, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
|
|
push @{$surf_coll->surfaces}, map Slic3r::Surface::Bridge->cast_from_expolygon($_,
|
|
surface_type => 'bottom',
|
|
bridge_angle => $bridge->bridge_angle,
|
|
), @$intersection;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# difference between fill_surfaces and bridges are the other surfaces
|
|
foreach my $surface (@surfaces) {
|
|
$clipper->clear;
|
|
$clipper->add_subject_polygons([ $surface->p ]);
|
|
$clipper->add_clip_polygons([ map $_->contour->p, @{$self->bridges} ]);
|
|
my $difference = $clipper->ex_execute(CT_DIFFERENCE, PFT_NONZERO, PFT_NONZERO);
|
|
push @{$surf_coll->surfaces}, map Slic3r::Surface->cast_from_expolygon($_,
|
|
surface_type => $surface->surface_type), @$difference;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
1;
|